This page has no doctype which triggers quirks mode in IE, Firefox and most other browsers. This means pages may look different in different browsers.
Add a
DOCTYPE statement to the top of the document.
No meta description tag found. Use a description tag that accurately describes the contents of a web page.
A well-written meta description attracts more clicks in search results than
an irrelevant or missing description.
1<
Use the
lang attribute to identify the language of the page.
In HTML add a lang attribute containing a language code to the html tag, and in PDF set the language using Document Properties in Acrobat. This allows screen readers to pronounce words correctly.
HTML>
2 <HEAD>
3<TITLE>Welcome to CityLights! [Inaccessible News Page]</TITLE> <STYLE>
4 td {
5 color: #000000;
6 text-decoration: none;
7 font: 15px/17px "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
8 }
9 #main .headline {
10 color: #41545d;
11 font: 24px verdana;
12 font-family: impact;
13 text-decoration: none;
14 padding:
12 0
6 0;
15 margin:0;
16 }
17 #main div {
18 padding:10px
19 }
20 #main a {
21 color: #226C8E;
22 text-decoration: none;
23 }
24 #main a:hover, a:active, a
Unknown pseudo-element or pseudo-class name.
focused
The :pseudo-class or ::pseudo-element name name may be misspelled or not yet standardized.
Line 24 CSS Validation
:focused, a:visited {
25 color: #226C8E;
26 text-decoration: none;
27 }
28 #data td {
29 border:none;
30 }
31 </STYLE>
32 <LINK HREF="../css/meta.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
33 <SCRIPT type="text/javascript">
34 function ChangeColor(id, colour){
35 document.getElementById(id).style.backgroundColor=colour;
36 }
37 function switchImage(imgName, imgSrc){
38 if (document.images){
39 if (imgSrc != "none"){
40 document.images[imgName].src = imgSrc;
41 }
42 }
43 }
44 </SCRIPT>
45 <NOSCRIPT>
Bad start tag
b in
noscript in
head.
<
B> <FONT COLOR=
Ensure that text and background colors have enough contrast.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 2.76 with
color: background: font-size: 12ptfont-weight: 700
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 3.0 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 3.0 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for all other text
RED> This page uses scripts!!!</FONT></B><
Stray end tag
noscript.
/NOSCRIPT>
46 <script src="../js/onload.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
47 <
Stray end tag
head.
/HEAD>
48
<BODY TEXT=#000000 BGCOLOR=#D7D7CD LEFTMARGIN=0px TOPMARGIN=0px MARGINWIDTH=0px MARGINHEIGHT=0px LINK=#226C8E VLINK=#226C8E ALINK=#226C8E>
49 <div id="meta-header">
50 <p id="skipnav"><a href="#page">Skip to inaccessible demo page</a></p>
51 <p id="logos"><a href="https://www.w3.org/" title="W3C Home"><img alt="W3C logo" src="../img/w3c.png" height="48" width="72"></a><a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/" title="WAI Home"><img alt="Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) logo" src="../img/wai.png" height="48
Omitting
img width or
height attributes makes the page layout jump about as images load.
This makes the page very hard to read or click while it's loading.
Fix by adding width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions.
In responsive layouts, specifying width and height prevents layout jumping because the browser can
pre-calculate the final image size when CSS like this is used:
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto }
"> </a></p>
52 <h1><span class="subhead">Inaccessible News Page</span><span class="hidden"> -</span> Before and After Demonstration</h1>
53 <p class="subline">Improving a Web site using Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0</p>
54 <div id="mnav" class="inaccessible">
55 <ul>
56 <li class="first"><a href="../Overview.html">Overview</a></li>
57 <li class="first"><a href="home.html">Home</a></li>
58 <li class="current"><span class="hidden">Current location: </span>News
59 <div class="subnav"><ul>
60 <li class="inaccessible"><strong>Inaccessible:</strong><a class="page current"><span class="hidden">Inaccessible </span>News Page</a><a href="./reports/news.html" class="report"><span class="hidden">Inaccessible News Page </span> Report</a></li>
61 <li class="accessible"><strong>Accessible:</strong><a href="../after/news.html" class="page"><span class="hidden">Accessible </span>News Page</a><a href="../after/reports/news.html" class="report"><span class="hidden">Accessible News Page </span> Report</a></li>
62 </ul><a href="./annotated/news.html" class="annotoggle">Show <br>Annotations</a></div>
63 </li>
64 <li><a href="tickets.html">Tickets</a></li>
65 <li><a href="survey.html">Survey</a></li>
66 <li><a href="template.html">Template</a></li>
67 </ul>
68 </div>
69 </div>
70 <div id="page">
71 <p class="skip" id="startcontent">Demo starts here</p>
72 <TABLE WIDTH=100% BORDER=0px CELLSPACING=0px CELLPADDING=0px BGCOLOR=
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. #D7D7CD> <TR VALIGN=
MIDDLE> <TD WIDTH=100% ALIGN=
CENTER>
73 <TABLE WIDTH=800px BORDER=0px CELLSPACING=0px CELLPADDING=0px BGCOLOR=
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. WHITE>
74 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
10px>
75 <TD WIDTH=10px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/border_left_top.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/border_left_top.gif WIDTH=10px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 10px> </TD>
76 <TD WIDTH=780px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/border_top.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/border_top.gif HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. Omitting
img width or
height attributes makes the page layout jump about as images load.
This makes the page very hard to read or click while it's loading.
Fix by adding width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions.
In responsive layouts, specifying width and height prevents layout jumping because the browser can
pre-calculate the final image size when CSS like this is used:
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto }
10px> </TD>
77 <TD WIDTH=10px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/border_right_top.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/border_right_top.gif WIDTH=10px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 10px> </TD>
78 </TR>
79 <TR>
80 <TD WIDTH=10px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/border_left.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/border_left.gif WIDTH=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. Omitting
img width or
height attributes makes the page layout jump about as images load.
This makes the page very hard to read or click while it's loading.
Fix by adding width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions.
In responsive layouts, specifying width and height prevents layout jumping because the browser can
pre-calculate the final image size when CSS like this is used:
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto }
10px> </TD>
81 <TD WIDTH=780px ALIGN=
CENTER>
82 <TABLE WIDTH=780px HEIGHT=144px BORDER=0px CELLSPACING=0px CELLPADDING=0px BGCOLOR=
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. Attribute
height not allowed on element.
WHITE>
83 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
86px>
84 <TD WIDTH=443px BACKGROUND=./img/top_logo_next.gif VALIGN=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
MIDDLE> <DIV><A HREF=home.html><IMG SRC=./img/top_logo.gif WIDTH=443px HEIGHT=86px ALT="Red dot with a white letter 'C' that symbolizes a moon crescent as well as the sun. This logo is followed by a black banner that says 'CITYLIGHTS' which is the name of this online portal. Finally, the slogan of the portal, 'your access to the city', follows in a turquoise green handwriting style and with a slight slant across the top banner.
"> </A></DIV></TD>
85 <TD WIDTH=24px VALIGN=
MIDDLE> <IMG SRC=./img/top_logo_next_end.gif WIDTH=24px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 86px> </TD>
86 <TD WIDTH=128px VALIGN=
MIDDLE> <IMG SRC=./img/top_weather.gif WIDTH=128px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 86px> </TD>
87 <TD WIDTH=22px VALIGN=
MIDDLE> <IMG SRC=./img/top_logo_next_start.gif WIDTH=22px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 86px> </TD>
88 <TD WIDTH=163px BACKGROUND=./img/top_logo_next.gif ALIGN=CENTER VALIGN=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
MIDDLE>
89 <SELECT ONCHANGE="location.href = this.value;
select lists cannot be operated from the keyboard if they have a
change handler that performs navigation, because the handler fires as the user moves the selection up and down using the keyboard.
Moving through list items using the arrow keys will jump to another page unexpectedly.
Use option groups when a drop down list has more than 10 items.
Group related options using optgroup elements.
">
90 <OPTION SELECTED>QUICKMENU ---->
91 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Broadcasting
92 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Education
93 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Electricity
94 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Fire service
95 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Gas service
96 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Health care
97 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Police service
98 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Public Libraries
99 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Social services
100 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Social housing
101 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Telecommunications
102 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Town planning
103 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Transportation
104 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Waste management
105 <OPTION VALUE="../offsite.html">Water services
106 </SELECT>
107 </TD>
108 </TR>
109 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
7px>
110 <TD WIDTH=780px BACKGROUND=./img/mark.gif COLSPAN=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
5> <IMG SRC=./img/mark.gif WIDTH=158px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 7px> </TD>
111 </TR>
112 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
25px>
113 <TD COLSPAN=5>
114 <TABLE WIDTH=780px BORDER=0px CELLSPACING=0px CELLPADDING=
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. 0px>
115 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
25px>
116 <TD BGCOLOR="#EDEDED" WIDTH=
380px> <FONT COLOR=BLACK FACE=Verdana SIZE=
Use at least a 12-point font on all web pages.
For users over age 65, it may be better to use at least fourteen-point fonts.
Never use less than nine-point font on a Web site.
The following are all smaller than 12 point:
<p style="font-size: 11pt;" >
<p style="font-size: 15px;" >
<p style="font-size: small;" >
<font size="2" >
<font size="-1" >
2> <B>Traffic:</B> Construction work on Main Road</FONT></TD>
117 <TD BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" ALIGN=RIGHT ID="WEATHER
"> <FONT COLOR=BLACK FACE=Verdana SIZE=
2> <B>Today:</B>
118 <SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript
">
119 var now = new Date();
120 var days = new Array('Sunday', 'Monday', 'Tuesday', 'Wednesday', 'Thursday', 'Friday', 'Saturday');
121 var months = new Array('January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December');
122 var date = ((now.getDate()<10) ? "0" : "")+ now.getDate();
123 function fourdigits(number) {
124 return (number < 1000) ? number + 1900 : number;
125 }
126 today = days[now.getDay()] + " " + date + " " + months[now.getMonth()] + " " + (fourdigits(now.getYear())) + ", Sunny, 23°C </FONT>";
127 document.all.WEATHER.setAttribute("BGCOLOR", "#EDEDED", 0);
128 document.write(today);
129 </SCRIPT><
Unclosed element
font.
/TD>
130 </TR>
131 </TABLE>
132 </TD>
133 </TR>
134 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
1px>
135 <TD WIDTH=780px BACKGROUND=./img/marker2_w.gif COLSPAN=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
5> <IMG SRC=.img/marker2_w.gif WIDTH=78px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1px> </TD>
136 </TR>
137 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
25px>
138 <TD COLSPAN=5> </TD>
139 </TR>
140 </TABLE>
141 <TABLE WIDTH=780px BORDER=0px CELLSPACING=0px CELLPADDING=0px BGCOLOR=
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. WHITE>
142 <TR WIDTH=
Attribute
width not allowed on element.
780px>
143 <TD WIDTH=155px BGCOLOR=#E4E4E4 VALIGN=
TOP>
144 <TABLE WIDTH=155px BORDER=0px CELLSPACING=0px CELLPADDING=
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. 0px>
145 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
1px>
146 <TD WIDTH=155px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/marker2_w.gif WIDTH=78px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1px> </TD>
147 <TD WIDTH=1px BACKGROUND=./img/marker2_t.gif ROWSPAN=9 VALIGN=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
TOP> <IMG SRC=./img/marker2_t.gif WIDTH=1 HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 30px> </TD>
148 </TR>
149 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
34px>
150 <TD WIDTH=154px bgcolor="#EDEDED" id="home" onMouseOver="switchImage('nav_home', './img/nav_home2.gif'); ChangeColor('home','#FFF')" onMouseOut="switchImage('nav_home', './img/nav_home.gif'); ChangeColor('home','#EDEDED')
"> <A HREF="javascript:location.href='home.html';" onFocus="blur();
Links must have an accessible name.
A link name allows screen readers to voice what the links does. If there is no link content, or the link content is hidden by CSS, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead. To add a name do one of the following:
Add text between the a element start and end tags
Add an aria-label attribute
Add an aria-labelledby attribute
Add an img alt attribute labeling the link if it contains an img element
img elements with
role=presentation or
role=none are not included in the link's accessible name.
This field removes focus when tabbed to making it impossible for disabled users to navigate this form via the keyboard.
Using blur() in an onfocus handler makes the form impossible to use with a keyboard. Remove the call to blur() in the onfocus handler.
"> <img name="nav_home" src=./img/nav_home.gif width=88 height=27 hspace="15" border=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 0px> </a></TD>
151 </TR>
152 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
1px>
153 <TD WIDTH=154px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/marker2_w.gif WIDTH=78px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1px> </TD>
154 </TR>
155 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
34px>
156 <TD WIDTH=154px bgcolor="#EDEDED" id="news" onMouseOver="switchImage('nav_news', './img/nav_news2.gif'); ChangeColor('news','#FFF')" onMouseOut="switchImage('nav_news', './img/nav_news.gif'); ChangeColor('news','#EDEDED')
"> <A HREF="javascript:location.href='news.html';" ONFOCUS="blur();
Links must have an accessible name.
A link name allows screen readers to voice what the links does. If there is no link content, or the link content is hidden by CSS, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead. To add a name do one of the following:
Add text between the a element start and end tags
Add an aria-label attribute
Add an aria-labelledby attribute
Add an img alt attribute labeling the link if it contains an img element
img elements with
role=presentation or
role=none are not included in the link's accessible name.
This field removes focus when tabbed to making it impossible for disabled users to navigate this form via the keyboard.
Using blur() in an onfocus handler makes the form impossible to use with a keyboard. Remove the call to blur() in the onfocus handler.
"> <IMG SRC=./img/nav_news.gif name="nav_news" WIDTH=90 HEIGHT=21 hspace="12" BORDER=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 0px> </A></TD>
157 </TR>
158 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
1px>
159 <TD WIDTH=154px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/marker2_w.gif WIDTH=78px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1px> </TD>
160 </TR>
161 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
34px>
162 <TD WIDTH=154px bgcolor="#EDEDED" id="tickets" onMouseOver="switchImage('nav_facts', './img/nav_facts2.gif'); ChangeColor('tickets','#FFF')" onMouseOut="switchImage('nav_facts', './img/nav_facts.gif'); ChangeColor('tickets','#EDEDED')
"> <A HREF="javascript:location.href='tickets.html';" ONFOCUS="blur();
Links must have an accessible name.
A link name allows screen readers to voice what the links does. If there is no link content, or the link content is hidden by CSS, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead. To add a name do one of the following:
Add text between the a element start and end tags
Add an aria-label attribute
Add an aria-labelledby attribute
Add an img alt attribute labeling the link if it contains an img element
img elements with
role=presentation or
role=none are not included in the link's accessible name.
This field removes focus when tabbed to making it impossible for disabled users to navigate this form via the keyboard.
Using blur() in an onfocus handler makes the form impossible to use with a keyboard. Remove the call to blur() in the onfocus handler.
"> <IMG name="nav_facts" SRC=./img/nav_facts.gif WIDTH=105 HEIGHT=23 hspace="9" BORDER=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 0px> </A></TD>
163 </TR>
164 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
1px>
165 <TD WIDTH=154px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/marker2_w.gif WIDTH=78px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1px> </TD>
166 </TR>
167 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
34px>
168 <TD WIDTH=154px bgcolor="#EDEDED" id="survey" onMouseOver="switchImage('nav_survey', './img/nav_survey2.gif'); ChangeColor('survey','#FFF')" onMouseOut="switchImage('nav_survey', './img/nav_survey.gif'); ChangeColor('survey','#EDEDED')
"> <A HREF="javascript:location.href='survey.html';" ONFOCUS="blur();
Links must have an accessible name.
A link name allows screen readers to voice what the links does. If there is no link content, or the link content is hidden by CSS, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead. To add a name do one of the following:
Add text between the a element start and end tags
Add an aria-label attribute
Add an aria-labelledby attribute
Add an img alt attribute labeling the link if it contains an img element
img elements with
role=presentation or
role=none are not included in the link's accessible name.
This field removes focus when tabbed to making it impossible for disabled users to navigate this form via the keyboard.
Using blur() in an onfocus handler makes the form impossible to use with a keyboard. Remove the call to blur() in the onfocus handler.
"> <IMG SRC=./img/nav_survey.gif name="nav_survey" WIDTH=107 HEIGHT=32 hspace="8" BORDER=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 0px> </A></TD>
169 </TR>
170 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
1px>
171 <TD WIDTH=154px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/marker2_w.gif WIDTH=78px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1px> </TD>
172 </TR>
173 </TABLE>
174 </TD>
175 <TD WIDTH=
20px> <IMG SRC=./img/blank_5x5.gif WIDTH=20px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. The
img width and
height attributes don't match the actual image size. This means the image will be distorted or resize during loading.
Image
https://www.w3.org/WAI/demos/bad/before/img/blank_5x5.gif actual dimensions:
5 x 5 pixels.
5px> </TD>
176 <TD WIDTH=625px HEIGHT="600px" VALIGN=TOP id="main
">
177 <P class=headline>Citylights News</P>
178 <div style="width:100%;padding:0px;margin:0px;">
179 <div style="float:left;width:48%;padding:0px 0px 0px 0px;margin:0px;"><font size="5" color="#FFFFFF
"> <P class=
headline> Heat wave linked to temperatures</P></font></div>
180 <div style="float:right; width: 48%;padding:0px 10px 0px 0px;margin:0px;"><font size="7" color="#FFFFFF
"> <P class=
headline> Man Gets Nine Months in Violin Case</P></font></div>
181 </div>
182 <div style="clear:both;height:1px;padding:0px;margin:0px;">
183 <div style="float:left;width:48%;padding:10px 0px 10px 0px;margin:0px;">After three years of effort city scientists now agree that the primary cause of the 2003 heatwave was hot air from our air conditioning units. "The study cost the city taxpayer under 10 million dollars" said Prof. Steve 'Call me Stephen' Wahoonie, of City University Public Expenditure on Science dept. "We had five top statisticians working on it: one to write the grant proposal, one to do the mathematical modelling, two to collaborate on the research paper, and one to hire a student to do the job."</div>
184 <div style="float:right; width: 48%;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;margin:0px;">As news of the conviction and sentencing of infamous violin thief Pasquale Ginkgo-Biloba reached city hall, Mayor Auberon 'Slim' Shadi stated that he was furious at the boring sentence handed down by the judge in the case, and is demanding a review of sentencing policy. This is not the first time that judges have come under fire for lenient sentencing in musical-instrument related cases. Last year's <a href="../offsite.html
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 5.83 with
color: background: font-size: 11.25ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
Indicating links using only a text color change does not work for color-blind users.
Remove the text-decoration:none property from your link styles, or add other style attributes in addition to color changes to make links visible to people without color vision.
If the non-color cue only happens when the mouse hovers over the link or when the link receives focus, it is still a failure.
"> trombone forgery debacle</a> also resulted in a formal rebuke from the Mayor.</div>
185 </div>
186 <div style="clear:both;padding:0px;margin:0px;">
187 <div style="float:left;width:48%;padding:10px 0px 10px 0px;margin:0px;"><p class=headline align="center
"> <font size="3
"> Tough Wahoonie</font></p> "We soon realized that we were seeing a rise in temperatures every time a heatwave occurred. Also, the more air conditioning used, the bigger the heatwave. We knew it couldn't just be a coincidence, the match was 100%. Air conditioning was driving temperatures up, which in turn resulted in a heatwave," the Prof. explained. "It all comes from <a href="../offsite.html
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 5.83 with
color: background: font-size: 11.25ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
Indicating links using only a text color change does not work for color-blind users.
Remove the text-decoration:none property from your link styles, or add other style attributes in addition to color changes to make links visible to people without color vision.
If the non-color cue only happens when the mouse hovers over the link or when the link receives focus, it is still a failure.
"> the way that air conditioning works</a>. Air conditioners produce cold air to go into the room <span style="font-style: italic;">but also hot air that's ducted away to the outside</span>. We are recommending a new city ordinance restricting use of air conditioning to winter months, when the heat will come in useful."</div>
188 <div style="float:right; width: 48%;padding:10px 10px 10px 0px;margin:0px;">
189 <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. >
190 <TBODY>
191 <TR>
192 <TD vAlign=top width=1 background=./img/marker2_t.gif rowSpan=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
9> <IMG height=30 src="./img/marker2_t.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1> </TD>
193 <TD background=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG height=1 src="./img/marker2_w.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 78> </TD>
194 </TR>
195 <TR bgColor=
#ededed>
196 <TD><p class=headline><IMG height=24 src="./img/headline_middle.gif" width=23 align="absmiddle
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. "> <font size="3
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 6.77 with
color: background: font-size: 12ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
"> Your Shout</font></p></TD>
197 <TD vAlign=top width=1 background=./img/marker2_t.gif rowSpan=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
9> <IMG height=30 src="./img/marker2_t.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1> </TD>
198 </TR>
199 <TR>
200 <TD><blockquote><a href="../offsite.html"><img src="./img/smzappa2.jpg" width="65" height="80" alt="picture of Clara F." style="float:left;margin-right:5px;" align="left"
The
img width and
height attributes don't match the actual image size. This means the image will be distorted or resize during loading.
Image
https://www.w3.org/WAI/demos/bad/before/img/blank_5x5.gif actual dimensions:
5 x 5 pixels.
/> </a> "Well I think the Mayor's getting all heated up about nothing. Remember that 15 months is pretty much a lifetime to someone like me. But hey, I'm just a baby, and can't even vote, so you can ignore my opinion. And I can tell you that I'm standing for mayor on a ticket of infant suffrage".</blockquote> <strong> Clara F., 15 months, via email</strong><br/><br/></TD>
201 </TR>
202
td start tag in table body.
<TD width=275 background=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG height=1 src="./img/marker2_w.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 78> </TD>
203 </TR>
204 </TBODY>
205 </TABLE>
206 </div>
207 </div>
208 <div style="clear:both;float:right; width: 47%;padding:10px 0px 10px 10px;margin:0px;">
209 <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0 width="49%
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. ">
210
Start tag
p seen in
table.
<p class=headline>
Start tag
font seen in
table.
<font size="5
"> Lack of Brains Hinders Research<
Stray end tag
font.
/font> <
Stray end tag
p.
/p>
211 <TBODY>
212 <TR>
213 <TD vAlign=top width=1 background=./img/marker2_t.gif rowSpan=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
9> <IMG height=30 src="./img/marker2_t.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1> </TD>
214 <TD background=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG height=1 src="./img/marker2_w.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 78> </TD>
215 <TD vAlign=top width=1 background=./img/marker2_t.gif rowSpan=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
9> <IMG height=30 src="./img/marker2_t.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1> </TD>
216 </TR>
217 <TR bgColor=
#ededed>
218 <TD width="300
"> <p class=headline><IMG height=24 src="./img/headline_middle.gif" width=23 align="absmiddle
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. "> <font size="2
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 6.77 with
color: background: font-size: 10.67ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
Use at least a 12-point font on all web pages.
For users over age 65, it may be better to use at least fourteen-point fonts.
Never use less than nine-point font on a Web site.
The following are all smaller than 12 point:
<p style="font-size: 11pt;" >
<p style="font-size: 15px;" >
<p style="font-size: small;" >
<font size="2" >
<font size="-1" >
"> Brain donations at city hospital (by month)</font></p></TD>
219 </TR>
220 <TR>
221 <TD><DIV><img src="./img/chart1.jpg" alt="" width="270" height="150" border="0
The
img width and
height attributes don't match the actual image size. This means the image will be distorted or resize during loading.
Image
https://www.w3.org/WAI/demos/bad/before/img/blank_5x5.gif actual dimensions:
5 x 5 pixels.
"> </DIV></TD>
222 </TR>
223
td start tag in table body.
<TD width=275 background=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG height=1 src="./img/marker2_w.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 78> </TD>
224 </TR>
225 </TBODY>
226 </TABLE>
227 </div>
228 <div style="float:left;width:48%;padding:10px 0px 10px 0px;margin-bottom:0px;">
229 <p class=headline align="center
"> <font size="3
"> Return To Sender</font></p>When questioned whether their results would be affected if air conditioners were found to be used on cold days, Wahoonie responded: "we had one guy in the lab whining those kinds of questions. 'Why are you doing this? Why are there all those discrepencies in the department accounts?', but it was after we had written up the results. We later found that he took 40% of his sick days on Mondays or Fridays. How convenient. Some people have no shame."</div>
230 <table width="100%" style="float:right; padding:0px;margin:0px
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. ">
231 <tr>
232 <TD width="48%
">
233 <TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0 style="position: relative; left: 15px;top:-15px;padding-top:0;margin-top:0
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. ">
234 <TBODY>
235 <TR>
236 <TD vAlign=top width=1 background=./img/marker2_t.gif rowSpan=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
9> <IMG height=30 src="./img/marker2_t.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1> </TD>
237 <TD background=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG height=1 src="./img/marker2_w.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 78> </TD>
238 <TD vAlign=top width=1 background=./img/marker2_t.gif rowSpan=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
9> <IMG height=30 src="./img/marker2_t.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 1> </TD>
239 </TR>
240 <TR bgColor=
#ededed>
241 <TD><IMG height=24 src="./img/headline_middle.gif" width=23 align="absmiddle
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. "> Air-Con Fact Finding Mission</TD>
242 </TR>
243 <TR>
244 <TD valign="top
"> <DIV><img src="./img/blanca.jpg" alt="Mrs B. Wahoonie investigates shipping hot air to Australia" width="240" height="180" border="0
"> </DIV></TD>
245 </TR>
246
td start tag in table body.
<TD width=240 background=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/marker2_w.gif> <IMG height=1 src="./img/marker2_w.gif" width=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 78> </TD>
247 </TR>
248 </TBODY>
249 </TABLE>
250 </TD>
251 <td width="60%" valign="top" style="padding-left:15px
"> There has been a significant drop in brain donations as a result of the successful 'Slow Traffic, Safe Streets' policy, say city doctors. <br/> "Brain donations are essential" said Dr. Liam Colluspid of Central Hospital, at a press conference yesterday. "I must ask that the Mayor either dispenses with these road safety measures, or else that every concerned citizen should consider right now whether there are any brains they aren't making much use of at the moment, that they might like to drop off".<
No
p element in scope but a
p end tag seen.
/p> </td>
252 </tr>
253 </table>
254 <
Stray end tag
div.
/div>
255 </TD>
256 </TR>
257 </TABLE>
258 <TABLE WIDTH=780px HEIGHT=17px BORDER=0px CELLSPACING=0px CELLPADDING=0px BGCOLOR=
This page uses nested tables, which do not make sense when read in a screen reader.
Add role='presentation' if the inner table is a layout table, otherwise modify the inner table to present the same data without nesting tables.
Identify row and column headers in data tables using
th elements, and mark layout tables with
role=presentation.
Data tables allow screen reader users to understand column and row relationships.
Layout tables read cells as a series of unrelated paragraphs with no tabular structure.
Without
th or
role, screen readers apply heuristics to decide whether a table is a layout table or data table.
These heuristics vary greatly between screen readers, and are affected by browser being used, window size,
and font size (so the outcome is very unpredictable without
th or
role).
If a data table has headers marked up using
td, then change these to
th.
If a data table has no headers, add
th elements describing each row and/or column.
If the table is only used for layout add
role=presentation to the
table element.
Impact on users:
JAWS Reading: Treats tables without th and role as layout tables if the table contains cells above or below certain pixel sizes. This measurement is affected by browser window size, browser font size, and the browser used. NVDA Reading: Applies a layout table heuristic to tables without th and role which varies depending on the browser used and on the window size in some circumstances. VoiceOver Reading: Uses a sophisticated heuristic on tables without th and role, which is similar (but not identical) to the heuristic used by NVDA with Firefox. Attribute
height not allowed on element.
#EDEDED>
259 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
17px>
260 <TD ALIGN=
RIGHT> <FONT COLOR=BLACK FACE=Verdana SIZE=
Use at least a 12-point font on all web pages.
For users over age 65, it may be better to use at least fourteen-point fonts.
Never use less than nine-point font on a Web site.
The following are all smaller than 12 point:
<p style="font-size: 11pt;" >
<p style="font-size: 15px;" >
<p style="font-size: small;" >
<font size="2" >
<font size="-1" >
1> <a rel="Copyright" href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 4.98 with
color: background: font-size: 9ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
"> Copyright</a> © 2012 <a href="https://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 4.98 with
color: background: font-size: 9ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
"> W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 4.98 with
color: background: font-size: 9ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
"> MIT</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 4.98 with
color: background: font-size: 9ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
"> ERCIM</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/
Ensure that text and background colors have a 7:1 contrast ratio.
The text color to background color contrast ratio after composition is: 4.98 with
color: background: font-size: 9ptfont-weight: 400
Some users find it hard to read light gray text on a white background, dark gray text on a black background and white text on a red background.
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 18 point text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 4.5 or more for 14 point bold text, or larger
The contrast ratio should be 7.0 or more for all other text
"> Keio</a>)</FONT></TD>
261 </TR>
262 </TABLE>
263 <TD WIDTH=10px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/border_right.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/border_right.gif WIDTH=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. Omitting
img width or
height attributes makes the page layout jump about as images load.
This makes the page very hard to read or click while it's loading.
Fix by adding width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions.
In responsive layouts, specifying width and height prevents layout jumping because the browser can
pre-calculate the final image size when CSS like this is used:
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto }
10px> </TD>
264 </TR>
265 <TR HEIGHT=
Attribute
height not allowed on element.
10px>
266 <TD WIDTH=10px HEIGHT=10px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/border_bottom_left.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/border_bottom_left.gif WIDTH=10px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 10px> </TD>
267 <TD WIDTH=780px HEIGHT=10px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/border_bottom.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/border_bottom.gif HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. Omitting
img width or
height attributes makes the page layout jump about as images load.
This makes the page very hard to read or click while it's loading.
Fix by adding width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions.
In responsive layouts, specifying width and height prevents layout jumping because the browser can
pre-calculate the final image size when CSS like this is used:
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto }
10px> </TD>
268 <TD WIDTH=10px HEIGHT=10px BACKGROUND=
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Attribute
background not allowed on element.
./img/border_bottom_right.gif> <IMG SRC=./img/border_bottom_right.gif WIDTH=10px HEIGHT=
img elements must have an accessible name.
Add an
alt attribute describing the image, which screen readers voice instead of the image.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use
alt="" without any global ARIA attributes.
Do not use
alt text containing only spaces since that's voiced as an unlabeled image.
Impact on users:
NVDA 2023.3 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. NVDA 2023.3 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Chrome 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 FF 115 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. JAWS 2023.2311.34 Edge 120 Windows 10 Reading: Image ignored. VoiceOver macOS 13.6 Safari 16.6 macOS 13.6.0 Reading: Image filename read out. VoiceOver iOS 16.6 Safari iOS 16.6 iOS 16.6.1 Touch: Image filename read out, along with OCR text from image. 10px> </TD>
269 </TR>
270 </TABLE>
271 </TD></TR><
Stray end tag
tr.
/TR> </TABLE>
272 </div>
273 <div id="meta-footer" class="meta">
274 <hr>
275 <p><strong>Status:</strong> 20 February 2012 (see <a href="../changelog.html">changelog</a>) <br>Editors: <a href="https://www.w3.org/People/shadi/">Shadi Abou-Zahra</a> and the <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/EO/">Education and Outreach Working Group (EOWG)</a>. <br>Developed with support from <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/TIES/"><acronym title="Web Accessibility Initiative: Training, Implementation, Education, Support
"> WAI-TIES</acronym></a> and <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/WAI-AGE/"><acronym title="Web Accessibility Initiative: Ageing Education and Harmonisation
"> WAI-AGE</acronym></a> projects, co-funded by the European Commission <acronym title="Information Society Technologies
"> IST</acronym> Programme. [see <a href="../acks.html">Acknowledgements</a>]</p>
276 <p>[<a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/sitemap.html" shape="rect
"> WAI Site Map</a>] [<a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/sitehelp.html" shape="rect
"> Help with WAI Website</a>] [<a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/search.php" shape="rect
"> Search</a>] [<a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/contacts" shape="rect
"> Contacting WAI</a>] <br><strong>Feedback welcome to <a href="mailto:wai-eo-editors@w3.org" shape="rect
"> wai-eo-editors@w3.org</a></strong> (a publicly archived list) or <a href="mailto:wai@w3.org" shape="rect
"> wai@w3.org</a> (a WAI staff-only list).</p>
277 <div class="copyright"><p><a rel="Copyright" href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Copyright">Copyright</a> © 2012 <a href="https://www.w3.org/"><acronym title="World Wide Web Consortium
"> W3C</acronym></a><sup>®</sup> (<a href="http://www.csail.mit.edu/"><acronym title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology
"> MIT</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.ercim.org/"><acronym title="European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics
"> ERCIM</acronym></a>, <a href="http://www.keio.ac.jp/">Keio</a>), All Rights Reserved. W3C <a href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/ipr-notice#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a>, <a rel="Copyright" href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-documents">document use</a> and <a rel="Copyright" href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/copyright-software">software licensing</a> rules apply. Your interactions with this site are in accordance with our <a href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/privacy-statement#Public">public</a> and <a href="https://www.w3.org/Consortium/Legal/privacy-statement#Members">Member</a> privacy statements.</p></div>
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296 style="border:0;" alt=""
Omitting
img width or
height attributes makes the page layout jump about as images load.
This makes the page very hard to read or click while it's loading.
Fix by adding width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions.
In responsive layouts, specifying width and height prevents layout jumping because the browser can
pre-calculate the final image size when CSS like this is used:
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto }
This link is broken. The page could not be found on the target web server.
Broken link: https://www.w3.org/analytics/piwik/piwik.php?idsite=328 404 Not Found
Fixing this depends on how the link became broken:
The link has been mistyped and should be fixed
The destination page has moved and the link should be updated
The destination page no longer exists and the link should be removed
A file has been accidentally deleted and should be replaced
/> </p></noscript>
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Issues: