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an irrelevant or missing description.
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>
In HTML add a LANG attribute to the HTML tag, and in PDF set the language using Document Properties in Acrobat. This allows screen readers to pronounce words correctly.
>
<head>
<title>SMK Izzata</title>
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JavaScript changes: changed to content='all'
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No rounded corners will be displayed on old versions of Internet Explorer.
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Line 59 Internet Explorer ≤ 8.0
No rounded corners will be displayed on old versions of Internet Explorer.
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Line 69 Internet Explorer ≤ 8.0
No rounded corners will be displayed on old versions of Internet Explorer.
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z-index: 1;
text-align: left;
position: relative;
padding:25px;
}
.widget ul li a span.ltr {display:none;}
.widget ul {
line-height: 2.0;
}
#footer{
width: 952px;
font-size: 11px;
color: black;
background: #fff;
margin: auto;
-moz-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
z-index: 99;
border-radius: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
margin-top: 15px;
margin-left: -2px;
}
#footer-wrapper{padding:15px 0 50px 10px;color:#222;line-height:100%;overflow:hidden;}
#footer-wrapper a{color:#222;}
#footer-wrapper .fr a,#footer-wrapper .fl a{color:#222;}
#footer-wrapper .fr a:hover,#footer-wrapper .fl a:hover{color:#222;}
#footer-wrapper .fr{padding:0 0px 0 0;}
.fleft{
text-align: center;
margin: auto;
color: #222;
width: 955px;
font-size: 12px;
background:#fff;
border:1px solid #ddd;
margin-top: 15px;
padding-top:5px;
padding-bottom:5px;
border-radius:5px 5px 0px 0px;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #362c30;
}
.fleft p {
text-align: center;
}
.fleft a{color:#88ECFB;}
.fright{
float:right;
text-align:right;
margin:10px 10px 0px 0px;
line-height:16px;
width:40%
}
.postad{
margin:10px;
float:left;
}
#Label1 ul li{font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;}
#LinkList1 ul li{font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;}
#headercontainer, #contentcontainer { width: 1000px; margin: 20 auto; position: relative; }
header23 { padding: 0px 0; width: 100%; background-color: #000; margin-bottom: 0px;position: fixed; z-index: 10; float: left top; }
.crop:hover {
clip: rect(0px, 620px, 980px, 0px);
z-index: 99;min-width: 200px;
height: auto;
min-height: 200px;
width: auto;}
.crop {
width: 60px;
height: 60px;
position:absolute;
overflow: hidden;
float: left;
background: #222;
border: 5px solid #222;
border-radius: 5px;
clip: rect(0px, 70px, 70px, 0px);
-moz-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
}
.posting {
width: 510px;
float: left;
margin-top: 80px;
background: #fafafa;
padding: 10px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
border-radius: 5px;
font-size: 12px;
}
.breadcrumb {
list-style: none;
overflow: hidden;
text-align: left;
color: #222;
width: 550px;
font-size: 12px;
z-index: 9;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
margin-top: 15px;
border-radius: 5px;
background: white;}
.section {margin:auto;}
.breadcrumb ul{margin:auto;}
.breadcrumb li {
position: relative;
display: block;
color: black;
float: left;
padding: 5px;
margin:5px;
text-decoration: none;
border-radius: 5px;
border: 1px solid #DDD;}
.home-link {
display:none;}
#blog-pager-newer-link {
float: right;
color: white;
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
overflow: hidden;}
#blog-pager-older-link {
float: left;
padding: 10px;
text-align: center;
overflow: hidden;}
#blog-pager-older-link a, #blog-pager-newer-link a {color: #222;
line-height: 33px;
padding: 5px;
background: white;
border: 1px solid #DDD;
border-radius: 5px;}
#blog-pager {
color: #DDD;
text-align: center;
text-transform: capitalize;
font-size: 16px;
float: left;
font-weight: normal;
letter-spacing: -1px;
font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
overflow: hidden;
-moz-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
width: 593px;}
.comments .comments-content {
margin-bottom: 16px;}
.comments .comment-block {
margin-left: 75px;
position: relative;
border: 1px solid #DDD;
background: white;
padding: 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
min-height: 83px;}
.bgjo::before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
z-index: 10;
left: 89px;
width: 0px;
height: 41px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
background: #fff;
-webkit-border-radius: 50px;
-moz-border-radius: 50px;
border-radius: 50px;
display: block;
top: 38px;
}
.post::before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
z-index: 10;
left: 69px;
width: 47px;
height: 0px;
border: 1px solid #222;
background: #fff;
-webkit-border-radius: 50px;
-moz-border-radius: 50px;
border-radius: 50px;
display: block;
top: 36px;
}
.post::after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
z-index: 10;
left: 545px;
width: 10px;
height: 10px;
border: 2px solid #ddd;
background: #fff;
-webkit-border-radius: 50px;
-moz-border-radius: 50px;
border-radius: 50px;
display: block;
top: 111px;
}
.posting::before {
content: "";
position: absolute;
z-index: 10;
left: 531px;
width: 36px;
height: 0px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
background: #fff;
-webkit-border-radius: 50px;
-moz-border-radius: 50px;
border-radius: 50px;
display: block;
top: 117px;
}
.posting::after {
content: "";
position: absolute;
z-index: 10;
left: 83px;
width: 10px;
height: 10px;
border: 2px solid #222;
background: #fff;
-webkit-border-radius: 50px;
-moz-border-radius: 50px;
border-radius: 50px;
display: block;
top: 30px;
}
.johanesdj {
z-index: 2;
position: relative;
-moz-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
text-align: left;
line-height: 29px;
font-size: 12px;
color: #FAFAFA;
float: right;
background: #FAFAFA;
border: 1px solid #DDD;
margin-left: 10px;
width: 500px;
height: 68px;
border-radius: 5px;
overflow:hidden;}
.blognames {margin:auto;}
.jomorelink{
position: absolute;
-moz-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
z-index: 2;
left: 569px;
text-align: right;
line-height: 72px;
height: 72px;
overflow: hidden;
top: 80px;
border-radius: 5px;
border: 1px solid #ddd;}
.pagepost a {text-decoration: underline;}
.pagepost img{max-width:515px;padding: 3px;
border: 1px solid #DDD;
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
-moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
box-shadow: 0 1px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
height:auto;}
.BlogArchive #ArchiveList ul li {
background: none;
list-style: none;
list-style-image: none;
list-style-position: outside;
border-width: 0;
padding-left:0px;
text-indent:0px;
margin:0;
background-image: none;}
#ArchiveList .toggle-open {
line-height: .6em;
float: left;
margin-top: 8px;}
.post-count {display:none;}
.PopularPosts .item-title {font-size: 14px;
padding-bottom: .2em;}
.post-footer-line-1 {
border-top: 1px solid #fafafa;}
.icon-action {display:none;}
ul.dark_menu {
list-style: none;
padding: 1px 1px;
font-family: 'Iceland', cursive;
font-size: 15px;
line-height: 15px;
margin: auto;
width: 951px;position: relative;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
ul.dark_menu:after {
content: "";
clear: both;
display: block;
overflow: hidden;
visibility: hidden;
width: 0;
height: 0;}
ul.dark_menu li {
float: left;
position: relative;
margin: 1px;}
/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
ul.dark_menu li a, ul.dark_menu li a:link {
color: #fafafa;
text-decoration: none;text-transform: uppercase;
display: block;
padding: 8px 26px;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease;
-moz-transition: all 0.2s ease;
-o-transition: all 0.2s ease;
-ms-transition: all 0.2s ease;
transition: all 0.2s ease;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
ul.dark_menu li a:hover {
color: #fafafa;
background: #222;border-bottom: 1px solid #88ECFB;
-webkit-transition: all 0.5s ease;
-moz-transition: all 0.5s ease;
-o-transition: all 0.5s ease;
transition: all 0.5s ease;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
ul.dark_menu li a.selected, ul.dark_menu li a:active {
background: #222;
color: #fafafa;
margin-left: 165px;
-webkit-transition: all 0.5s ease;
-moz-transition: all 0.5s ease;
-o-transition: all 0.5s ease;
transition: all 0.5s ease;
border-bottom: 1px solid #88ECFB;
text-transform: uppercase;}
ul.dark_menu li ul {
display: none;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
ul.dark_menu li ul:before {
content: " ";
position: absolute;
display: block;
z-index: 1500;
left: 0;
top: -10px;
height: 10px;
width: 100%;}
ul.dark_menu li:hover ul {
position: absolute;
display: block;
z-index: 1000;
left: 0;border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px;
top: 35px;
padding: 5px 0;
list-style: none;
background: #fff;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
ul.dark_menu li ul li {
float: none;
margin: 0 10px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #DDD;
border-top: 1px solid #666;}
ul.dark_menu li ul li:first-child {
margin: 0 10px;
border-top: 0 none;}
ul.dark_menu li ul li:last-child {
border-bottom: 0 none;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
ul.dark_menu li ul li a, ul.dark_menu li ul li a:link {
color: #222;
display: block;
background: transparent none;
padding: 10px 20px 10px 5px;
white-space: nowrap;
-webkit-border-radius: 0px;
-moz-border-radius: 0px;
border-radius: 0px;}
ul.dark_menu li ul li a:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
.menujohanes {
background: #222;
width: 100%;
padding: 0px;
position: relative;
margin: auto;}
#search input[type="text"] {
background: #fff url("http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-HrKLWlSZYE0/UUpmZ1tMwiI/AAAAAAAABl8/bsJWrMR_q4A/s000/search_32x32-32.png")no-repeat center left;
font-size: 13px;
color: #222;
width: 245px;
padding: 10px 0px 11px 35px;
margin-top: -1px;
z-index: 9;
border: 1px solid #88ECFB;
-webkit-transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out;
-moz-transition: all 0.5s ease-in-out;
margin-bottom: -1px;}
#main4, #main5, #main6 {
width: 280px;
list-style-type: none;
float: left;
margin: 10px;}
.main3 {width:280px;
list-style-type: none;
padding-top: 10px;
float: left;}
::-webkit-scrollbar {
height:12px;
background: #474747;}
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
background-color: #000;
}
#container1 {padding: 10px;
background: #DDD;
width: 50%;
margin: auto;
text-align: center;
border: 3px double #BBB;}
a.anes:hover {background:#88ECFB;}
a.anes{font-size: 50px;
color: #222;
background:#fafafa;
padding: 10px 5px 10px 5px;
-moz-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
border-radius: 5px 0px 0px 5px;}
#footer a:link, #footer a:visited{
color:#666;
}
#footer a:hover{color:#000;}
.comment-form {
max-width: 520px;
_width: 410px;
clear: both;
background: white;
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #DDD;
border-radius: 5px;
margin-left: 75px;
}
ul.dark_menu1 {
float: left;
width: 158px;
height: 250px;
background: #ddd;
border: 1px solid #fafafa;
font-family: 'Iceland', cursive;
font-size: 18px;text-transform: uppercase;
font-weight: normal;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #fff;
-moz-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
transition: all 0.2s ease-in-out;
overflow: hidden;}
ul.dark_menu1 li .selected1 {
padding: 16px;width: 125px;
background: #fff url(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y8OfYWkTnDw/UUpmZMneHBI/AAAAAAAABls/jERYjuSG0CE/s000/pattern.png) repeat top center;float: left;box-shadow: inset 0 0px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0px 0 #5E524F;border-left: 7px ridge #88ECFB;
background-size: 4px;}
ul.dark_menu1 li .selected2 {
padding: 16px;width: 125px;
background: #88ECFB url(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y8OfYWkTnDw/UUpmZMneHBI/AAAAAAAABls/jERYjuSG0CE/s000/pattern.png) repeat top center;float: left;box-shadow: inset 0 0px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0px 0 #5E524F;border-left: 7px ridge #ddd;
background-size: 4px;}
ul.dark_menu1 li .selected3 {
padding: 16px;width: 125px;
background: #fff url(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y8OfYWkTnDw/UUpmZMneHBI/AAAAAAAABls/jERYjuSG0CE/s000/pattern.png) repeat top center;float: left;box-shadow: inset 0 0px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0px 0 #5E524F;border-left: 7px ridge #88ECFB;
background-size: 4px;}
ul.dark_menu1 li .selected4 {
padding: 16px;width: 125px;
background: #88ECFB url(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y8OfYWkTnDw/UUpmZMneHBI/AAAAAAAABls/jERYjuSG0CE/s000/pattern.png) repeat top center;float: left;box-shadow: inset 0 0px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0px 0 #5E524F;border-left: 7px ridge #ddd;
background-size: 4px;}
ul.dark_menu1 li .selected5 {
padding: 16px;width: 125px;
background: #fff url(http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y8OfYWkTnDw/UUpmZMneHBI/AAAAAAAABls/jERYjuSG0CE/s000/pattern.png) repeat top center;float: left;box-shadow: inset 0 0px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0px 0 #5E524F;border-left: 7px ridge #88ECFB;
background-size: 4px;}
ul.dark_menu1 li:hover {padding-left: 15px;}
ul.dark_menu1 li{
padding-left: 0px;-moz-transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out;
-webkit-transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out;
transition: all 0.4s ease-in-out;}
#headwrapper {width:965px;height:250px;position:relative;}
#tbisose{width: 279px;
float: left;
background: #fafafa;
border: 1px solid #ddd;
padding-bottom: 9px;
border-radius: 0px 0px 5px 5px;}
#tbisose li{position:relative; cursor:pointer; padding: 0 !important;}
#tbisose .facebook, .googleplus, .rss, .twitter{
position: relative;
z-index: 5;
display: block;
float: left;
margin: 10px 0 0;
border-radius: 5px;
background: url(http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Mc0XP_mKQEg/UUpmaWgB2OI/AAAAAAAABmE/tWPF4pJ3cGk/s000/sprites.png) no-repeat;
line-height: 32px;
-webkit-transition: width .25s ease-in-out,background-color .25s ease-in-out;
-moz-transition: width .25s ease-in-out,background-color .25s ease-in-out;
-o-transition: width .25s ease-in-out,background-color .25s ease-in-out;
transition: width .25s ease-in-out,background-color .25s ease-in-out;}
#tbisose .icon{overflow:hidden;}
#tbisose .facebook{width:32px; height:32px; background-color:rgba(136,236,251,1); background-position:0 0;margin-right: 15px;margin-left: 32px;}
#tbisose .twitter{width:32px; height:32px; background-color:rgba(136,236,251,1); background-position:0 -33px;margin-right: 15px;margin-left: 15px;}
#tbisose .googleplus{width:32px; height:32px; background-color:rgba(136,236,251,1); background-position:-3px -66px;margin-right: 15px;margin-left: 15px;}
#tbisose .rss{ width:32px; height:32px; background-color:rgba(136,236,251,1); background-position:-3px -126px;margin-left: 15px;}
.touch #tbisose li .facebook, #tbisose li:hover .facebook{background-color:rgba(59,89,152,1);}
.touch #tbisose li .twitter, #tbisose li:hover .twitter{background-color:rgba(64,153,255,1);}
.touch #tbisose li .googleplus, #tbisose li:hover .googleplus{background-color:rgba(228,69,36,1);}
.touch #tbisose li .rss, #tbisose li:hover .rss{background-color:rgba(255,102,0,1);}
.selamatdatang {
font-size: 17px;
border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px;
line-height: 30px;
text-align:center;
letter-spacing: 1px;
font-family: 'Iceland', cursive;
font-weight: normal;
margin: auto;
color: #fafafa;
padding: 3px 5px;
background: #222;
border-left: 8px ridge #88ECFB;
border-right: 8px ridge #88ECFB;
margin-top: 11px;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #362c30;
text-transform: uppercase;
-webkit-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
-moz-transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;
width: 255px;
float:left;}
#sliderloadingwrapper {width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
z-index: 999999999999999999999999999999;
background: rgba(100, 100, 100, 0.9);
top: 0px;
left: 0px;-webkit-animation: fadeOut 10s linear forwards;
-moz-animation: fadeOut 10s linear forwards;
-o-animation: fadeOut 10s linear forwards;
-ms-animation: fadeOut 10s linear forwards;
animation: fadeOut 10s linear forwards;}
/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
#sliderloader {
width: 500px;
height: 85px;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: #666;
border: 1px solid #222;
-moz-transition: all 170ms ease-in;
-webkit-transition: all 170ms ease-in;
-o-transition: all 170ms ease-in;
position: relative;
margin-bottom: 30px;
border-radius: 5px;
box-shadow: inset 0 0px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0px 0 #5E524F;
border-bottom: 1px solid #222;
margin: auto;
margin-top: 80px;}
#progressbg {
width:460px;
margin:auto;
height:5px;
background-color:#ddd;
top:65px;
position:relative;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
#johanesloader {
width:1px;
height:5px;
background-color:#88ECFB;
-moz-animation:johanesloader 50s infinite;
-webkit-animation:johanesloader 50s infinite;
position:relative;
-moz-transition:all 170ms ease-in;
-webkit-transition:all 170ms ease-in;
-o-transition:all 170ms ease-in;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
#sliderloader ul {
width:2630px;
list-style:none;
padding:0;
margin:0;
position:relative;
left:0px;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
#sliderloader li {
display:inline;
width:500px;
height:100px;
margin:0;
padding:0;
float:left;
position:relative;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
#sliderloader li a {
display:block;
text-decoration:none;}
#sliderloader li span {
display: block;
width: 460px;
padding: 10px 20px;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #362c30;
pointer-events: none;
text-align: left;
float: left;
border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
#sliderloader ul li span h2 {
font-size:13px;
line-height:24px;
color:#fff;letter-spacing: 1px;
font-weight:normal;
text-shadow:1px 1px 2px #362c30;
text-transform:uppercase;
}/* Blog johanes djogzs.blogspot.com */
@-webkit-keyframes johanesloader {
0% {width:0px; opacity:0;}
2% {width:0px; opacity:1;}
20% {width:460px; opacity:1;}
22.5% {width:460px; opacity:0;}
22.59% {width:0px;}
25% {width:0px; opacity:1;}
45% {width:460px; opacity:1;}
47.5% {width:460px; opacity:0;}
47.59% {width:0px;}
50% {width:0px; opacity:1;}
70% {width:460px; opacity:1;}
72.5% {width:460px; opacity:0;}
72.59% {width:0px;}
75% {width:0px; opacity:1;}
95% {width:460px; opacity:1;}
98% {width:460px; opacity:0;}
100% {width:0px; opacity:0;}
}
@-moz-keyframes johanesloader {
0% {width:0px; opacity:0;}
2% {width:0px; opacity:1;}
20% {width:460px; opacity:1;}
22.5% {width:460px; opacity:0;}
22.59% {width:0px;}
25% {width:0px; opacity:1;}
45% {width:460px; opacity:1;}
47.5% {width:460px; opacity:0;}
47.59% {width:0px;}
50% {width:0px; opacity:1;}
70% {width:460px; opacity:1;}
72.5% {width:460px; opacity:0;}
72.59% {width:0px;}
75% {width:0px; opacity:1;}
95% {width:460px; opacity:1;}
98% {width:460px; opacity:0;}
100% {width:0px; opacity:0;}
}
@-webkit-keyframes fadeOut {
0% { opacity: 1;top:0px;}
10% { opacity: 1;top:0px; }
90% { opacity: 1; -webkit-transform: translateY(0px);top:0px;}
99% { opacity: 0; -webkit-transform: translateY(-30px);top:0px;}
100% { opacity: 0;top: -980px;}
}
@-moz-keyframes fadeOut {
0% { opacity: 1;top:0px; }
10% { opacity: 1;top:0px; }
90% { opacity: 1; -moz-transform: translateY(0px);top:0px;}
99% { opacity: 0; -moz-transform: translateY(-30px);top:0px;}
100% { opacity: 0;top: -980px;}
}
@-o-keyframes fadeOut {
0% { opacity: 1;top:0px; }
10% { opacity: 1;top:0px; }
90% { opacity: 1; -o-transform: translateY(0px);top:0px;}
99% { opacity: 0; -o-transform: translateY(-30px);top:0px;}
100% { opacity: 0;top: -980px;}
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<div class='timemeta'>Kamis, 14 Agustus 2014</div>
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<div style="color: #494949;">
<strong>Prinsip-Prinsip Pengembangan RPP</strong> (<em>berdasarkan Permendikbud 81A lampiran IV</em>)<br />
Berbagai prinsip dalam mengembangkan atau menyusun RPP adalah sebagai berikut.</div>
<ol style="color: #494949; text-align: justify;">
<li>RPP disusun guru sebagai terjemahan dari ide kurikulum dan
berdasarkan silabus yang telah dikembangkan di tingkat nasional ke dalam
bentuk rancangan proses pembelajaran untuk direalisasikan dalam
pembelajaran.</li>
<li>RPP dikembangkan guru dengan menyesuaikan apa yang dinyatakan dalam
silabus dengan kondisi di satuan pendidikan baik kemampuan awal peserta
didik, minat, motivasi belajar, bakat, potensi, kemampuan sosial, emosi,
gaya belajar, kebutuhan khusus, kecepatan belajar, latar belakang
budaya, norma, nilai, dan/atau lingkungan peserta didik.</li>
<li>Mendorong partisipasi aktif peserta didik</li>
<li>Sesuai dengan tujuan Kurikulum 2013 untuk menghasilkan peserta didik
sebagai manusia yang mandiri dan tak berhenti belajar, proses
pembelajaran dalam RPP dirancang dengan berpusat pada peserta didik
untuk mengembangkan motivasi, minat, rasa ingin tahu, kreativitas,
inisiatif, inspirasi, kemandirian, semangat belajar, keterampilan
belajar dan kebiasaan belajar.</li>
<li>Mengembangkan budaya membaca dan menulis</li>
<li>Proses pembelajaran dalam RPP dirancang untuk mengembangkan
kegemaran membaca, pemahaman beragam bacaan, dan berekspresi dalam
berbagai bentuk tulisan.</li>
<li>Memberikan umpan balik dan tindak lanjut.</li>
<li>RPP memuat rancangan program pemberian umpan balik positif,
penguatan, pengayaan, dan remedi. Pemberian pembelajaran remedi
dilakukan setiap saat setelah suatu ulangan atau ujian dilakukan,
hasilnya dianalisis, dan kelemahan setiap peserta didik dapat
teridentifikasi. Pemberian pembelajaran diberikan sesuai dengan
kelemahan peserta didik.</li>
<li>Keterkaitan dan keterpaduan.</li>
<li>RPP disusun dengan memperhatikan keterkaitan dan keterpaduan antara
KI dan KD, materi pembelajaran, kegiatan pembelajaran, penilaian, dan
sumber belajar dalam satu keutuhan pengalaman belajar. RPP disusun
dengan mengakomodasikan pembelajaran tematik, keterpaduan lintas
matapelajaran untuk sikap dan keterampilan, dan keragaman budaya.</li>
<li><strong>Menerapkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (<em>Inilah yang mendukung untuk mengarahkan generasi Z dalam dunia digitalnya)</em></strong></li>
<li>RPP disusun dengan mempertimbangkan penerapan teknologi informasi
dan komunikasi secara terintegrasi, sistematis, dan efektif sesuai
dengan situasi dan kondisi.<strong> (<em>Inilah yang mendukung untuk mengarahkan generasi Z dalam dunia digitalnya)</em></strong></li>
</ol>
<div style="color: #494949; text-align: justify;">
Hal yang penting dalam pembelajaran adalah
materi yang disampaikan harus meliputi: data/fakta, konsep, prinsip,
prosedur dan nilai sikap bagi peserta didik, maka seorang guru sangat
perluuntuk menyusunya berupa RPP.</div>
<div style="color: #494949; text-align: justify;">
Untuk lebih jelasnya saya sediakan contoh RPP
kurikulum 2013 beberapa mata pelajaran SMA, format RPP di bawah ini
berlaku juga untuk semua jenjang dan mapel-mapel lainnya. Semoga
bermanfaat.</div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
</div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
A. <strong>DOWNLOAD RPP DAN SILABUS BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS XI SMA</strong> KLIK <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B4vonCRahX6oZDJvZFZJeDhvblE/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">DOWNLOAD</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
</div>
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1. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/1-_bahasa_dan_sastra_indonesia.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia</a></div>
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2. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/6-_bhs_inggris.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Bahasa Inggris</a> 1 & <a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B1DVCNJHvLaSeDhzZkhmNVpyZHc/edit" target="_blank">Bahasa Ingggris 2</a></div>
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3. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/1-_paibudi_pekerti_-1.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">PAI dan Budipekerti </a></div>
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4. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/2-_ppkn.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">PPKn </a></div>
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5. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/1-_matematika.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Matematika </a><a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/2-_sejarah.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Sejarah</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
- <a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B-X65QFtfGfcb3dNcnpUNmlLeXM/edit" target="_blank">Matematika Wajib</a></div>
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6. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/8-_penjasorkes.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Penjasorkes</a></div>
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7. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/7-_seni_budaya.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Seni Budaya</a></div>
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8. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/4-_kimia.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Kimia</a></div>
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9. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/3-_fisika.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Fisika </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
10. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/2-_biologi.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Biologi</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
11. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/4-_ekonomi.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Ekonomi</a> 1 , <a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B1DVCNJHvLaSM0JPWnVEZC1mMWc/edit" target="_blank">Ekonomi 2</a> & <a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B1DVCNJHvLaSLWQ4TmtmeHk2MjA/edit" target="_blank">Ekonomi 3</a> , <a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B1DVCNJHvLaSUjk0b0NHdGlsWVE/edit" target="_blank">Ekonomi 4</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
12. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/3-_sosiologi.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Sosiologi</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
13. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/1-_geografi.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Geografi</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
14. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/3-_jepang.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Bahasa Jepang</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
15. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/4-_antropologi.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Antropologi</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
16. <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/9-_prakarya.docx" style="color: #027ac6;">Prakarya</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
17. <a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B-X65QFtfGfccUd2ZWJnY3dNaW8/edit" target="_blank">Sejarah</a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<b>RPP Matematika SMA Kelas X Wajib</b><br />
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pM3BaM2pBM0R5MWM/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">1. Eksponen bulat positif, negatif dan nol.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pdVJBaVl5YV83VTQ/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">1. Eksponen dan Logaritma.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pLTJUZ2FfNHdkLUk/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">2. Persamaan dan Pertidaksamaan Nilai Mutlak.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pU1B0NmRnMUNXVXc/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">2. Persamaan dan Pertidaksamaan Nilai Mutlak2.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pOEo4WEVlMEVfNE0/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">3. Sistem Persamaan Linier.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pVHNVVERJb25ZV0E/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">4. Matriks.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pcllEQnA2eEFPU0E/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">5. Relasi dan Fungsi.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pOEdrVzRuQW8tdDA/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">6. Barisan Aritmetika.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pYllWWWtvU01VNnM/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">7. Menemukan Konsep Fungsi Kuadrat.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6peV9kVGRRTkROWXM/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">7. Persamaan Kuadrat.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6peDhKaVdXam4tTFE/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">8. Trigonometri.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pUE1qT2gwT0J0N2s/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">8. Trigonometri2.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pcWJJbm9NcTZ2T00/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">9. Geometri.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pcWN6eGYzaG92b1E/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">10. Limit Fungsi.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pa2xCTDFWWjcxQUE/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">10. Limit Fungsi2.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pQXVuZW9Yak13X1E/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">11. Penyajian Data.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6peEdOVWZMbWpieU0/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">11. Statistika.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pN0gtTk5sZGdmX1E/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">12. Peluang.doc </a></div>
<b>RPP Matematika SMA Kelas XI Wajib</b><br />
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pZ2FoSEJvbHg3VHM/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">1. Program linear.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pRjRHd3ptWUFuUnc/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">2a. Fungsi Invers.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pVG5HR05yelgwQ3c/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">2b. Fungsi Komposisi.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pODZ2RjdSdmFOQjg/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">3. Determinan dan Invers Matriks.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pWHFCY2xhM1NZMkk/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">4. Garis Sejajar.doc </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pMjlXOXB5MDJxdUU/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">5. aturan sinus.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pRHBKTVFZUmE4MTg/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">6. Deret Tak Hingga.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pTU53Wkp3YkZHTEU/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">7. Statistika.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pSUdkNkRBYURMRTQ/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">8a. Aturan Perkalian.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pNVU0RmRIZEtHZDg/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">8b. Peluang.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pX2E0V245WXlTaFE/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">9. Lingkaran.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pYTMyeDlGN19vZEk/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">10. Transformasi.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pcnRBZzZ4NjhxbTA/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">11. Turunan.docx </a></div>
<div style="color: #494949;">
<a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pNDI5cVlnSXMwWUU/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">12. Integral.docx </a></div>
<div>
RPP MATEMATIKA SMA LAINNYA:</div>
<div>
<b>1. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1h9EqwguI2ukTKiOsbzq4_gx5vNXTP-BXIMSiWD1sZlE/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Silabus Matematika Wajib untuk Kelas X</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>2. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1g2t0Fv0d6sIkmOtajLxlhdZs-l0xgVsFepzHSvxTPvk/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Silabus Matematika Wajib untuk Kelas XI</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>3. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eiuLKFYzheWg98_wFmuK0JGliNhUHnyUUek8XCopcYM/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Silabus Matematika Wajib untuk Kelas XII</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>4. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1kehPCLUCO7uutbD5m_VifTYJnP9xxnhYecHGF2LNsqs/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Silabus Matematika Peminatan untuk Kelas X</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>5. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jaIoy86sp4w7OT5dc4oPS4G1jV2izhPC9-nko_BvRdE/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Silabus Matematika Peminatan untuk Kelas XI</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>6. <a href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1RLQ9Eam8trxxkm0QlKO-0vqYSmpkSzC0VDNnxzc9SW8/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Silabus Matematika Peminatan untuk Kelas XII</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>7. <a href="https://docs.google.com/uc?id=0B25T4337dQ6pNFcwMlQ2Y2U4dWM&export=download&hl=id" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Contoh RPP untuk Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>8. <a href="https://docs.google.com/uc?id=0B25T4337dQ6paWhydHl1VGo1cm8&export=download&hl=id" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Contoh RPP untuk Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>9. <a href="https://docs.google.com/uc?id=0B25T4337dQ6pNGk0Y2FPek1ZbUU&export=download&hl=id" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Contoh RPP untuk Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>10. <a href="https://docs.google.com/uc?id=0B25T4337dQ6paU5EQ1ZSMGlsN3M&export=download&hl=id" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">Contoh RPP untuk Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning</a></b></div>
<div>
<b>11.<a href="https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B25T4337dQ6pSGlSSEs2Y3A4eFk/edit?usp=sharing" style="color: #7ccb34;" target="_blank">RPP Matematika Kurikulum 2013 Kelas X SMA</a> </b></div>
<div style="color: #454545;">
Bagi rekan -rekan guru yang
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<strong>16. Silabus pengantar Administrasi Pengantoran – Bisnis Manajemen.</strong> Silahkan Downlaod<a href="https://app.box.com/s/ygtv1tga93n9b4qdzr5o" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>17. Silabus pemrograman Dasar -TIK. </strong>Silahkan Downlaod <a href="https://app.box.com/s/q8o47z2lz18aa7cwwec9" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>18. Silabus Manajemen Pertunjukan – Seni Pertunjukan. </strong>Silahkan Downlaod<a href="https://app.box.com/s/076hjm4hs00flwt6f130" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>19. Silabus Kimia. </strong>Silahkan Downlaod<a href="https://app.box.com/s/lu0nsado6wla7uiazhc9" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>20. Silabus Gambar teknik.</strong> Silahkan Downlaod <a href="https://app.box.com/s/bsdymq38bg2kl16ou4xr" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>21. Silabus Seni rupa dan kerajinan.</strong> Silahkan Downlaod <a href="https://app.box.com/s/mmmz66fnlddcnzmtrhtu" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>22. Silabus Fisika. </strong>Silahkan Downlaod<a href="https://app.box.com/s/uyfq60th9mbybkiveq1a" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>23. Silabus IPA Aplikasi. </strong>Silahkan Downlaod<a href="https://app.box.com/s/pmazmi4qagahan08vr8i" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>25. Silabus Penjasorkes. </strong>Silahkan Downlaod<a href="https://app.box.com/s/ehxdbyv0krebmd2bxnoy" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>26. Silabus Seni Budaya. </strong>Silahkan Downlaod<a href="https://app.box.com/s/g0z4tei561vtq9cvdooe" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>27. Silabus Bahasa Inggris. </strong>Silahkan Downlaod<a href="https://app.box.com/s/5tkwywssgd01nnt420sx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>28. Silabus Bahasa Indoensia kelas X.</strong> Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-x-peminatan-allson.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>29. Silabus Bahasa Indonesia kelas XI.</strong> Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xi-peminatan-allson.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>30 Silabus Bahasa Indoensia Kelas XII. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xii-peminatan-allson.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>31. Silabus Antropologi kelas X. </strong>Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-mata-pelajaran-antropologi-x-1-5-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>32. Silabus Antropologi Kelas XI. </strong>Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-mata-pelajaran-antropologi-xi-1-5-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>33. Silabus Antropologi Kelas XII. </strong>Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-mata-pelajaran-antropologi-xii-1-5-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>34. Silabus Bahasa Jerman Kelas X. </strong>Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-b-jerman-x-edisi-04-mei.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>35. Silabus Bahasa Jerman Kelas XI. </strong>Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-b-jerman-xi-edisi-04-mei.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>36. Silabus Bahasa Jerman Kelas XII. </strong>Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-b-jerman-xii-edisi-04-mei.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>37. Silabus Ekonomi Kelas X. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/01-final-silabus-ekonomi-x-update-10052013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>38. Silabus Ekonomi Kelas XI. </strong>Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/02-final-silabus-ekonomi-xi-update-10052013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>39. Silabus Ekonoli Kelas XII.</strong> Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/03-final-silabus-ekonomi-xii-update-10052013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong> 40. Silabus Sosiologi Kelas X.</strong> Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-sosiologi-klas-x_rev-ml_4-mei.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>41. Silabus Sejarah Peminatan. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/2-silabus-sejarah-peminatan.doc" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>42. Silabus Geografi kelas X. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-geo-sma-10_4-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>43. Silabus Geografi kelas XI. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-geo-sma-11_4-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>44. Silabus Geografi kelas XII. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-geo-sma-12_4-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>45. Silabus Prakarya.</strong> Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/pengantar-mapel-prakarya-sma-smk-hajar.doc" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
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<strong>46. Silabus Seni Rupa. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-seni-rupa-kantor-8mei2013.doc" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>47. Silabus Seni Musik. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-seni-musik-kantor-8mei2013ref.doc" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
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<strong>48. Silabus Seni tari. </strong>Silahkan Download<a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-seni-tari-sma-kantor-8mei2013.doc" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong> <strong>DISINI.</strong></strong></a></div>
<div style="color: #454545;">
<strong>49. Silabus Seni teater.</strong> Silahkan Download <a href="http://awan965.files.wordpress.com/2013/06/silabus-seni-teater-kantor-8mei2013ref.doc" style="color: #454545;" target="_blank"><strong>DISINI.</strong></a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
ANTROPOLOGI</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/kompetensi-inti-dan-kompetensi-dasar-antropologi-1-5-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">kompetensi-inti-dan-kompetensi-dasar-antropologi-1-5-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-mata-pelajaran-antropologi-x-1-5-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-mata-pelajaran-antropologi-x-1-5-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
BAHASA INDONESIA</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/130418-kd-sma-ma-smk-bahasa-indonesia-final-grand-tropic.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">1.130418-kd-sma-ma-smk-bahasa-indonesia-final-grand-tropic</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-sma_bhs-ind.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">2.RPP SMA_BHS IND</a> <a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xii-wajib1.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xii-wajib1</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
3.<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xi-wajib1.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xi-wajib1</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
4.<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-x-wajib1.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-x-wajib1</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xii-peminatan-allson.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">5.silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xii-peminatan-allson</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
6.<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xi-peminatan-allson.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-xi-peminatan-allson</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
7.<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-x-peminatan-allson.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-bahasa-indonesia-kelas-x-peminatan-allson</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-bhs-ind-tampil-ismun-cilegon.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RPP bhs Ind ( tampil Ismun Cilegon)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-contoh-ismun-cilogon.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RPP contoh (Ismun Cilogon)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-contoh-fisika-ismun-cilegon.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RPP contoh fisika (Ismun Cilegon)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
GEOGRAFI</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/kd-geografi_4-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">kd-geografi_4-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-geo-sma-10_4-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-geo-sma-10_4-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-geo-sma-11_4-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-geo-sma-11_4-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-geo-sma-12_4-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-geo-sma-12_4-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-tampil-ismun.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RPP TAMPIL ISMUN</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
BAHASA INGGRIS</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ki-kd-kls-xii-wajib-allson-3-mei-2013.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">1.ki-kd-kls-xii-wajib-allson-3-mei-2013</a> <a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ki-kd-kls-xi-wajib-allson-3-meil-2013.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">ki-kd-kls-xi-wajib-allson-3-meil-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
2.<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ki-kd-kls-x-wajib-allson-2-mei-2013.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">ki-kd-kls-x-wajib-allson-2-mei-2013</a> <a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bing-sma-kls-xii-wajib-allson-3-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-bing-sma-kls-xii-wajib-allson-3-mei-2013</a> 3.<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bing-sma-kls-xi-wajib-allson-3-mei-2013.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-bing-sma-kls-xi-wajib-allson-3-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
4.<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-bing-sma-kls-x-wajib_allson-3-mei.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-bing-sma-kls-x-wajib_allson-3-mei</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
BIOLOGI</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/contoh-rpp-biologi-inkuiri-kd-3-2-3a.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">CONTOH RPP BIOLOGI INKUIRI KD 3.2</a><a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/contoh-rpp-biologi-inkuiri-kd-3-2-3a.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">(3a)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ki_kd_bio_1_mei.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">ki_kd_bio_1_mei</a> <a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus_bio_x.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus_bio_x</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus_bio_xi.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus_bio_xi</a> <a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus_bio_xii.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus_bio_xii</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/mengenali-bagian-utama-hewan-level-1.pdf" style="color: #0071bb;">Mengenali Bagian Utama Hewan (level 1)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/mengenali-bagian-utama-hewan-level-2.pdf" style="color: #0071bb;">Mengenali Bagian Utama Hewan (level 2)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus_bio_xii.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus_bio_xii</a> <a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus_bio_xi.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus_bio_xi</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus_bio_x.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus_bio_x</a> <a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ki_kd_bio_1_mei.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">ki_kd_bio_1_mei</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/contoh-rpp-biologi-inkuiri-kd-3-2-3a.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">CONTOH RPP BIOLOGI INKUIRI KD 3.2 (3a)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
EKONOMU</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/02-final-silabus-ekonomi-xi-update-100520131.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">02-final-silabus-ekonomi-xi-update-10052013(1)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/02-final-silabus-ekonomi-xi-update-100520132.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">02-final-silabus-ekonomi-xi-update-10052013(2)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/02-final-silabus-ekonomi-xi-update-10052013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">02-final-silabus-ekonomi-xi-update-10052013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/03-final-silabus-ekonomi-xii-update-10052013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">03-final-silabus-ekonomi-xii-update-10052013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/04-kd-ekonomi-sma-ma-update-09052013-final.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">04-kd-ekonomi-sma-ma-update-09052013-final</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
FISIKA</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-fisika-sma-kelas-x.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-fisika-sma-kelas-x</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-fisika-sma-kelas-xi1.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-fisika-sma-kelas-xi1</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-fisika-sma-kelas-xii1.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-fisika-sma-kelas-xii1</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rencana-pelaksanaan-pembelajaran-contoh-fisika.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN contoh fisika</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rencana-pelaksanaan-pembelajaran.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
KIMIA</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/kd_kimia_sma-12mei_2013.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">kd_kimia_sma-12mei_2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-bab-2-model-atom-pert-1.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RPP-BAB-2-Model-Atom-Pert-1</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-kimia-sma-kls-x-12mei-2013-1-tahun.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-kimia-sma-kls-x-12mei-2013-1-tahun</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-kimia-sma-kls-xi-12mei-2013-1-tahun.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-kimia-sma-kls-xi-12mei-2013-1-tahun</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-kimia-sma-kls-xii-12mei-2013-1-tahun.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-kimia-sma-kls-xii-12mei-2013-1-tahun</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
PPKN</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/3-1-silabus-sma-ppkn-kls-x.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">3-1-silabus-sma-ppkn-kls-x</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/3-2-silabus-sma-ppkn-kls-xi.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">3-2-silabus-sma-ppkn-kls-xi</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/3-3-silabus-sma-ppkn-kls-xii.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">3-3-silabus-sma-ppkn-kls-xii</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/3-kd-ppkn-sma.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">3-kd-ppkn-sma</a> <a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-pkn-x-kur-013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RPP-PKN-X-Kur-013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
BK</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-bk-ibu-puspa.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RPP-BK-Ibu-Puspa</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
PRAKARYA</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ki-kd-sma-prakarya-kwu-11-13-mei-2013-sc-rev1.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">ki-kd-sma-prakarya-kwu-11-13-mei-2013-sc-rev(1)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ki-kd-sma-prakarya-kwu-11-13-mei-2013-sc-rev.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">ki-kd-sma-prakarya-kwu-11-13-mei-2013-sc-rev</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
PENJAS</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silbuspenjas_sma_x_10-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silbuspenjas_sma_x_10-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silbuspenjas_sma_xi_10-05-13.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silbuspenjas_sma_xi_10-05-13</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silbuspenjas_sma_xii_10-05-13.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silbuspenjas_sma_xii_10-05-13</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
SEJARAH</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/1-ki-kd-sejarah-peminatan.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">1-ki-kd-sejarah-peminatan</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/2-silabus-sejarah-peminatan.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">2-silabus-sejarah-peminatan</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/kd-sejarah-wajib_final_jayakarta-11-13-mei-2013.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">kd-sejarah-wajib_final_jayakarta-11-13-mei-2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/rpp-sma_sejarah.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">RPP SMA_SEJARAH</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/1-ki-kd-sejarah-peminatan1.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">1-ki-kd-sejarah-peminatan</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/10_sejarah_buku_guru.pdf" style="color: #0071bb;">10_SEJARAH_BUKU_GURU</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
SENI BUDAYA</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/ki-dan-kd-seni-budaya-sma-kantor-8mei2013.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">ki-dan-kd-seni-budaya-sma-kantor-8mei2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/laporan-penelitian-tindakan-kelas.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">laporan-penelitian-tindakan-kelas</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/proposal-penelitian-tindakan-kelas.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">proposal-penelitian-tindakan-kelas</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-seni-musik-kantor-8mei2013ref.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-seni-musik-kantor-8mei2013ref</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-seni-rupa-kantor-8mei2013.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-seni-rupa-kantor-8mei2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-seni-tari-sma-kantor-8mei2013.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-seni-tari-sma-kantor-8mei2013</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-seni-teater-kantor-8mei2013ref-2.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-seni-teater-kantor-8mei2013ref (2)</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-seni-teater-kantor-8mei2013ref.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-seni-teater-kantor-8mei2013ref</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silbuspenjas_sma_xi_10-05-131.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silbuspenjas_sma_xi_10-05-13</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silbuspenjas_sma_xii_10-05-131.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silbuspenjas_sma_xii_10-05-13</a><a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/2-silabus-sejarah-peminatan1.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">2-</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/2-silabus-sejarah-peminatan1.doc" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-sejarah-peminatan</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
SOSIOLOGI</div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-sosiologi-klas-x_rev-ml_4-mei.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-sosiologi-klas-x_rev-ml_4-mei</a></div>
<div style="color: #4e4e4e;">
<a href="http://suaidinmath.files.wordpress.com/2014/01/silabus-sosiologi-klas-x_rev-ml_4-mei.docx" style="color: #0071bb;">silabus-sosiologi-klas-x_rev-ml_4-mei</a></div>
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<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/ki-kd-teknologi-dasar-otomotif.html' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link to KI KD Teknologi Dasar Otomotif'>KI KD Teknologi Dasar Otomotif</a>
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<div class='timemeta'>Senin, 11 Agustus 2014</div>
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Buku Manual dan Modul Otomotif
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Berikut ini kami sajikan kumpulan modul otomotif dan buku petunjuk
reparasi (BPR) dari berbagai jenis kendaraan yang langsung dapat
didownload.
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<b>SELAMAT MENDOWNLOAD</b> dan <b>SELAMAT BELAJAR SERTA BERKARYA</b>.<br />
Semoga yang kami sajikan ini dapat bermanfaat bagi anda sekalian. <br />
<br />
<b>MODUL OTOMOTIF:</b>
<b> </b><br />
<ol>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22727560/pemeliharaan_servis_sistem_bahan_bakar_diesel.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Pemeliharaan sistem injeksi bahan bakar diesel</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22727625/perbaikan_sistem_pendingin_dan_kompoen_komponennya.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Perbaikan sistem pendingin dan komponen-komponennya</b></a>
<b> </b>
</li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22727627/perbaikan_kopling_dan_komponen_komponennya.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Perbaikan koplng dan komponen-komponennya</b></a> </li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22727626/pemeliharaan_servis_transisi_manual.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Perbaikan / servis tranmisi manual</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22692077/anpemeliharaanperalatandanperlengkapantempatkerja.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Pelaksanaan pemeliharaan peralatan dan perlengkapan tempat kerja</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22692076/sanaanprosedurkeselamatankesehatankerjalingkungan.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Pelaksanaan prosedur keselamatan, kesehatan kerja</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22611502/melepas_dan_memasang_motor_starter.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Memasang dan melepas motor starter</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22721358/Balans_Roda_dan_Ban.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Balans roda dan ban</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22721507/an_pematrian_pemotongan_dengan_panas_dan_pemanasan.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Melaksanakan prosedur pengelasan, pematrian, pemotongan dengan panas dan pemanasan</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22720395/Penggunaandanpemeliharaanalatukur.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Penggunaan dan pemeliharaan alat ukur</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22720137/Pembacaan_dan_pemahaman_gambar_teknik.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Pembacaan dan pemahaman gambar teknik</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22720135/Pemasangansistemhidrolik.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Pemasangan sistem hidrolik</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22692265/PemeliharaanServisSistemAC.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Pemeliharaan / servis sistem AC</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22692264/merawatbaterai.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Merawat baterai</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22692263/raanservisdanperbaikankompresorudaradankomponennya.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Pemeliharaan/servis kompresor udara dan komponen-komponennya</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22727513/melepas_memasang_dan_menyetel_roda.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Melepas dan memasang roda</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22727559/pemeliharaan_servis_poros_penggerak_roda.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Pemeliharaan servis poros penggerak roda</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22727516/an_perbaikan_dan_pemasangan_ban_luar_dan_ban_dalam.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>Perbaikan dan pemasangan ban luar dan ban dalam</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://www.ziddu.com/download/22720135/Pemasangansistemhidrolik.pdf.html" target="_blank"><b>MPemasangan sistem hidrolik</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/01%20PemeliharaanService%20Sistem%20Hidrolik%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Pemeliharaan sistem hidrolik</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/02%20Pemasangan%20Sistem%20Hidrolik%20%28Adhari,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>Pemasangan sistem hidrolik (Adhari, S.Pd</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/03%20Overhoul%20Komponen%20Sistem%20Rem%20%28ANDUN%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>Overhoul sistem rem (Andun)</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/05%20Perbaikan%20Poros%20Penggerak%20Roda%20%28Tri%20Winarno%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>Perbaikan poros penggerak roda (Tri Winarno)</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/06%20Pemeriksaan%20Sistem%20Suspensi%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Pemeriksaan sistem suspensi</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/07%20Perbaikan%20Ringan%20Pada%20Rangkaian_Sistem%20Kelistrikan%20%28Drs.%20Basuki,%20SST%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>perbaikan ringan pada rangkaian sistem kelistrikan (Drs. Basuki, S.ST)</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/09a%20PemeliharaanServis%20Engine%20dan%20Komponen-komponennya%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Pemeiliharaan / servis engine dan kompoen-komponennya</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/09b%20Pelaksanaan%20Operasi%20Penanganan%20Secara%20Manual.zip" target="_blank"><b>pelaksanaan operasi penanganan secara manual</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/13%20Overhaul%20Komponen%20Sistem%20Pendingin%20%28Sugeng,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>Overhoul komponen sistem pendinginan (Sugeng,S.Pd)</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/17%20Pemasangan,%20Pengujian%20dan%20Perbaikan%20Sistem%20Pengaman%20Kelistrikan%20dan%20Komponennya%20%28Basuki%20Rahmad,%20S.%20Pd,%20M.%20Si%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>pemasangan, pengujian dan perbaikan sistem pengaman kelistrikan dan komponennya (Basuki rahmat, S.Pd,M.Si)</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/14%20Kontribusi%20Komunikasi%20di%20Tempat%20Kerja%20%28Bambang%20Suranto,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>Konstribusi komunikasi di tempat kerja (Bambang Surato,S.Pd)</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/15%20Balans%20Roda_Ban%20%28Budi%20Santosa%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>Balans dan roda</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/16%20Pembacaan%20dan%20Pemahaman%20Gambar%20Teknik%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Pembacaan dan pemahaman gambar teknik</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/18%20Memelihara_Servis%20Sistem%20AC%20%28Air%20Conditioner%29%20%28Drs.%20N.%20Wahyu%20Triyono%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>Memelihara servis AC (Drs. Wahyu Triyono)</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/19%20Overhaul%20Kopling%20dan%20Komponennya%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Overhoul Kopling dan komponennya</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/20%20Perbaikan%20Sistem%20Kemudi%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Perbaikan sistem kemudi</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/21%20PemeliharaanServis%20Sistem%20Suspensi%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Pemeliharaan servis sistem suspensi</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/22%20Penggunaan%20dan%20Pemeliharaan%20Alat%20Ukur%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Penggunaan dan pemeliharaan alat ukur</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/24%20Perbaikan%20Sistem%20Pengapian%20%28Abdurahman%20Hidayat,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip" target="_blank"><b>Perbaikan sistem pengapian (Abdurahman Hidayat)</b></a><b> </b></li>
<li><a href="http://psbtik.smkn1cms.net/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/19%20Overhaul%20Kopling%20dan%20Komponennya%20%28.zip" target="_blank"><b>Overhoul Kopling dan komponennya</b></a><b> </b></li>
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<a href="http://smkmuhbulakamba.wordpress.com/download/modul-mekanik-otomotif/" rel="bookmark">MODUL MEKANIK OTOMOTIF</a></h2>
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<strong>MODUL TEKNIK MEKANIK OTOMOTIF I</strong><br />
<strong></strong>1. <strong>pemeriksaan_sistem_kemudi </strong><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/melepas_memasang_dan_menyetel_roda.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">01. Melepas Memasang Dan Menyetel Roda </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pelaksanaan_pemeliharaan_servis_komponen.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">02. Pelaksanaan Pemeliharaan Servis Komponen </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pembongkaran_perbaikan_dan_pemasangan_ban_luar_dan_ban_dalam.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">03. Pembongkaran Perbaikan Dan Pemasangan Ban Luar Dan Ban Dalam </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pemeliharaan_servis_dan_perbaikan_kompresor_udara_dan_komponen_komponennya.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">04. Pemeliharaan Servis Dan Perbaikan Kompresor Udara Dan Komponen Komponennya </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pemeliharaan_servis_kopling_dan_komponen_komponennya_sistem_pengoperasian.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">05. Pemeliharaan Servis Kopling Dan Komponen Komponennya Sistem Pengoperasian</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pemeliharaan_servis_poros_penggerak_roda.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">06. Pemeliharaan Servis Poros Penggerak Roda</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pemeliharaan_servis_sistem_bahan_bakar_bensin.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">07. Pemeliharaan Servis Sistem Bahan Bakar Bensin </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pemeliharaan_servis_sistem_bahan_bakar_diesel.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">08. Pemeliharaan Servis Sistem Bahan Bakar Diesel </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pemeliharaan_servis_sistem_pendingin_dan_komponen_komponennya.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">09. Pemeliharaan Servis Sistem Pendingin Dan Kompone Komponennya </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pemeliharaan_servis_transisi_manual.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">10. Pemeliharaan Servis Transisi Manual </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pengujian_pemeliharaan_servis_dan_penggantian_baterai.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">11. Pengujian Pemeliharaan Servis Dan Penggantian Baterai </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/perbaikan_kopling_dan_komponen_komponennya.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">12. Perbaikan Kopling Dan Komponen Komponennya </span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/perbaikan_sistem_pendingin_dan_kompoen_komponennya.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">13. Perbaikan Sistem Pendingin Dan Kompoen Komponennya</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/pemeriksaan_sistem_kemudi.pdf"><span style="color: #105cb6;">14. Pemeriksaan Sistem Kemudi</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_bodi_otomotif/02%20Mengikuti%20prosedur%20keselamatan%20kerja%20dan%20lingkungan.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">15. Mengikuti Prosedur Kesehatan Dan Keselamatan Kerja</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_bodi_otomotif/08%20Penggunaan%20dan%20Pemeliharaan%20Peralatan%20dan%20Perlengkapan%20Tempat%20Kerja%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">16. Penggunaan Dan Pemeliharaan Peralatan Dan Perlengkapan Tempat Kerja</span></a><br />
17. Penanganan Operasi Secara Manual<br />
18. Proses Pengelasan, Pematrian, Pemotongan Dengan<br />
Panas Dan Pemanasan<br />
<strong>MODUL MEKANIK OTOMOTIF II</strong><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/01%20PemeliharaanService%20Sistem%20Hidrolik%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">01. Pemeliharaan Service Sistem Hidrolik</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/02%20Pemasangan%20Sistem%20Hidrolik%20%28Adhari,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">02. Pemasangan Sistem Hidrolik</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/03%20Overhoul%20Komponen%20Sistem%20Rem%20%28ANDUN%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">03. Overhoul Komponen Sistem Rem</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/02%20Pemasangan%20Sistem%20Hidrolik%20%28Adhari,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">04. Pemasangan, Pengujian dan Perbaikan Sistem Penerangan dan Wiring</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/05%20Perbaikan%20Poros%20Penggerak%20Roda%20%28Tri%20Winarno%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">05. Perbaikan Poros Penggerak Roda</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/06%20Pemeriksaan%20Sistem%20Suspensi%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">06. Pemeriksaan Sistem Suspensi</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/07%20Perbaikan%20Ringan%20Pada%20Rangkaian_Sistem%20Kelistrikan%20%28Drs.%20Basuki,%20SST%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">07. Perbaikan Ringan pada Rangkaian Sistem Kelistrikan</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/08%20Perbaikan%20Sistem%20Rem%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">08. Perbaikan Sistem Rem</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/09a%20PemeliharaanServis%20Engine%20dan%20Komponen-komponennya%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">09. Pemeliharaan Servis Engine dan Komponen-komponen</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/09b%20Pelaksanaan%20Operasi%20Penanganan%20Secara%20Manual.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">10. Pelaksanaan Operasi Penanganan Secara Manual</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/09c%20PemeliharaanServis%20Engine%20dan%20Komponen-komponennya%20%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">11. Pemeliharaan Service Engine dan Komponen-komponen</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/13%20Overhaul%20Komponen%20Sistem%20Pendingin%20%28Sugeng,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">12. Overhaul Komponen Sistem Pendingin</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/14%20Kontribusi%20Komunikasi%20di%20Tempat%20Kerja%20%28Bambang%20Suranto,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">13. Kontribusi Komunikasi di Tempat Kerja</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/15%20Balans%20Roda_Ban%20%28Budi%20Santosa%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">14. Balans Roda Ban</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/16%20Pembacaan%20dan%20Pemahaman%20Gambar%20Teknik%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">15. Pembacaan dan Pemahaman Gambar Teknik</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/17%20Pemasangan,%20Pengujian%20dan%20Perbaikan%20Sistem%20Pengaman%20Kelistrikan%20dan%20Komponennya%20%28Basuki%20Rahmad,%20S.%20Pd,%20M.%20Si%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">16. Pemasangan, Pengujian dan Perbaikan Sistem Pengaman Kelistrikan dan Komponennya</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/18%20Memelihara_Servis%20Sistem%20AC%20%28Air%20Conditioner%29%20%28Drs.%20N.%20Wahyu%20Triyono%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">17. Memelihara Servis Sistem AC (Air Conditioner)</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/19%20Overhaul%20Kopling%20dan%20Komponennya%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">18. Overhaul Kopling dan Komponen</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/20%20Perbaikan%20Sistem%20Kemudi%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">19. Perbaikan Sistem Kemudi</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/21%20PemeliharaanServis%20Sistem%20Suspensi%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">20. Pemeliharaan Servis Sistem Suspensi</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/22%20Penggunaan%20dan%20Pemeliharaan%20Alat%20Ukur%20%28.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">21. Penggunaan dan Pemeliharaan Alat Ukur</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/23%20Pemeliharaan_Servis%20Sistem%20Rem%20%28Drs.%20Bambang%20Sujatmiko%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">22. Pemeliharaan Servis Sistem Rem</span></a><br />
<a href="http://202.90.195.156/otomotif/teknik_mekanik_otomotif/24%20Perbaikan%20Sistem%20Pengapian%20%28Abdurahman%20Hidayat,%20S.%20Pd%29.zip"><span style="color: #105cb6;">23. Perbaikan Sistem Pengapian</span></a></div>
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<h2>
<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/bagian-bagian-mobil.html' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link to Bagian-bagian mobil '>Bagian-bagian mobil </a>
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Bagian-bagian mobil
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Assalamualaikum wr.wb para Neters? nah kali ini saya akan membahas
tentang bagian-bagian mobil agar lebih mudah membagikan klompok komponen
mobil, yang nantinya akan saya bahas di artikel berikutnya. Secara
garis besar Mobil terbagi menjadi beberapa bagian yaitu:<br />
<br />
1. Mesin (Engine).<br />
2.Pemindah daya. <br />
3.Body.<br />
4.Rangka (Chassis).<br />
5.Kelistrikan (wiring).<br />
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<br />
<i><b>1.Mesin(engine).</b></i><br />
<br />
Mobil tidak akan bisa bergerak sendiri tanpa adanya tenaga dari Sumber
penggerak yaitu mesin,baik mesin tenaga
bensin,diesel,listrrik,uap,nuklir,maupun gas.Dengan adanya sumber
penggerak maka mobil bisa bergerak secara otomatis sehingga disebut
Automotive/Automobile/Otomotive.<br />
Lihat selengkapnya PENGERTIAN DAN KOMPONEN MESIN.<br />
<br />
<i><b>2.Pemindah daya</b></i><br />
<br />
Sudah dijelaskan mesin adalah sumber tenaga untuk menggerakkan
mobil,namun mesin itu sendiri tidak bisa dikatakan sepenuhnya dapat
menggerakkan mobil,Terus bagaimanakah mobil bisa bergerak? nah maka
dibuatlah Pemindah daya yang fungsinya untuk meneruskan tenaga berupa
putaran mesin untuk di teruskan ke roda.<br />
Lihat selengkapnya PENGERTIAN DAN KOMPONEN PEMINDAH DAYA.<br />
<br />
<i><b>3.Body.</b></i><br />
<br />
Body merupakan bagian mobil yang cukup penting.dengan body maka mobil
dapat mendapatkan bentuk yang menarik sehingga kita dapat membedakan
type mobil itu sendiri seperti MPV,SUV,VAN,dan TRUCK. Tidak sampai
disitu saja,dengan adanya body kendaraan maka akan terdapat ruang kabin
didalamnya sebagai tempat duduk pengemudi dan penumpang.<br />
Lihat selengkapnya PENGERTIAN DAN KOMPONEN BODY MOBIL.<br />
<br />
<i><b>4.Rangka (Chassis)</b></i><br />
<br />
Bagian chassis atau rangka merupakan bagian yang berfungsi sebagai
penopang seluruh bagian mobil.seperti body,mesin,dan pemindah daya yang
nantiya diteruskan ke roda sampai menyentuh tanah secara langsung.<br />
Lihat selengkapnya PENGERTIAN DAN KOMPONEN CHASSIS.<br />
<br />
<i><b>5. Wiring ( Kelistrikan ).</b></i><br />
Kelistrikan mobil secara umum terbagi menjadi 2 bagian, yaitu
kelistrikan body,dan kelistrikan mesin.namun kali ini saya tidak akan
membedakan kelistrikan mobil menjadi 2 bagian melainkan 3 bagian yang
nantiya akan kita bahas di:<br />
PENGERTIAN DAN PEMBAGIAN SISTEM KELISTRIKAN PADA MOBIL.</div></div>
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<h2>
<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/sejarah-perkembangan-otomotif.html' rel='bookmark' title='Permanent Link to Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif '>Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif </a>
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Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif
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<b>Sejarah dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile&usg=ALkJrhgK9PAxXwgAOMqnibV994g0LGZcyw" title="Mobil">mobil</a></b> dimulai pada awal 1769, yang sumber tenaganya <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_engine&usg=ALkJrhhAimPGaHW7w_hu7u1g45jTwIqAEg" title="Mesin uap">bermesin uap,</a> mobil mampu digunakan sebagai transportasi manusia. Pada tahun 1806, mobil pertama didukung oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine&usg=ALkJrhiVcdqQ-0KT7lS-lOxGPbFkbnSe2w" title="Mesin pembakaran internal">mesin pembakaran internal</a> yang ber<a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gas&usg=ALkJrhi5PNxzy_T1_j5RPv7FfOnRlWz8qg" title="Gas alam">bahan bakar gas</a>
muncul, yang melopori adanya mobil pada tahun 1885 dari mesin modern
pembakaran internal berbahan bakar bensin atau berbahan solar. <span style="background-color: #e6ecf9;"> Mobil didukung oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power&usg=ALkJrhiZBGWmPMP6vj_yoqgTkpiAP3Dv6Q" title="Tenaga listrik">tenaga listrik</a> sempat tampil pada pergantian abad ke-20, namun sebagian besar menghilang dari penggunaan sampai pergantian abad ke-21.</span>
Sejarah awal mobil dapat dibagi menjadi beberapa era, berdasarkan
sarana umum propulsi. Kemudian periode yang ditentukan oleh tren gaya
eksterior, dan preferensi ukuran dan utilitas.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bhJAHvWwRGU/UQW0o1rTQ2I/AAAAAAAAAFg/HdYZB-XyNaA/s1600/CugnotSteamTrolly.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="126" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bhJAHvWwRGU/UQW0o1rTQ2I/AAAAAAAAAFg/HdYZB-XyNaA/s320/CugnotSteamTrolly.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
abad ke-1</div>
<h5 style="text-align: left;">
<a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Verbiest&usg=ALkJrhgEhlCx0jpq0xuaGh8k7mx75VYEqQ" title="Ferdinand Verbiest">Ferdinand Verbiest</a> , seorang anggota <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesuit_China_missions&usg=ALkJrhi85nQkMbwtaqSj92FirUkmQ1hCMA" title="Jesuit Cina misi">misi Yesuit di Cina</a> , menciptakan kendaraan tenaga uap bertenaga sekitar 1.672 sebagai mainan bagi Kaisar Cina.
Itu skala yang cukup kecil sehingga tidak bisa dinaiki 2 orang saat itu, kendaraan bertenaga uap pertama ('auto-mobile'). <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Verbiest-2"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Verbiest_2-0">[2]</sup></a> <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-setright_3-0"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-setright-3">[3]</a></sup></h5>
<h5 style="text-align: left;">
abad ke-18</h5>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-setright_3-0"
> Kendaraan </sup>bertenaga uap self-propelled cukup besar untuk mengangkut orang dan kargo pertama kali dirancang pada abad ke-18. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas-Joseph_Cugnot&usg=ALkJrhiXtRxxUtX6Aq1N-iLzxIPsSgpT3g" title="Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot">Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot</a> menunjukkan nya <i>fardier à vapeur</i> ("steam <a class="extiw" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dray&usg=ALkJrhhInEssgQKME-oM144Kxhdi2kz3wg#Noun" title="wikt: dray">dray</a> "), sebuah uap-driven eksperimental <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artillery_tractor&usg=ALkJrhhmNYiPmMh0QcRzzQOM7jIY6TVEfQ" title="Artileri traktor">traktor artileri</a>
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> Kendaraan </sup>bertenaga uap self-propelled cukup besar untuk mengangkut orang dan kargo pertama kali dirancang pada abad ke-18. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas-Joseph_Cugnot&usg=ALkJrhiXtRxxUtX6Aq1N-iLzxIPsSgpT3g" title="Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot">Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot</a> menunjukkan nya <i>fardier à vapeur</i> ("steam <a class="extiw" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dray&usg=ALkJrhhInEssgQKME-oM144Kxhdi2kz3wg#Noun" title="wikt: dray">dray</a> "), sebuah uap-driven eksperimental <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artillery_tractor&usg=ALkJrhhmNYiPmMh0QcRzzQOM7jIY6TVEfQ" title="Artileri traktor">traktor artileri</a>
, pada tahun 1770 dan 1771. Sebagai desain Cugnot terbukti menjadi
tidak praktis, penemuannya tidak dikembangkan dalam bukunya Perancis
asli. Pusat inovasi bergeser ke Inggris. Pada 1784, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Murdoch&usg=ALkJrhhomH2Cu7CjxQ87GdDnUUHyUjDeKg" title="William Murdoch">William Murdoch</a> telah membangun sebuah model kerja kereta uap di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redruth&usg=ALkJrhhUdD6lyseRaSBp_hNUi2KJgk6-yg" title="Redruth">Redruth</a> , dan pada tahun 1801 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Trevithick&usg=ALkJrhgzG6RFGMxSG4HPIbmsufL4cNSGvg" title="Richard Trevithick">Richard Trevithick</a> sedang menjalankan sebuah kendaraan berukuran penuh di jalan di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camborne&usg=ALkJrhgh3FgDD2q4uixc2g_m9OG_uPL2Dw" title="Camborne">Camborne</a> . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Buchanan-4"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Buchanan_4-0">[4]</sup></a> kendaraan tersebut menjadi primadona untuk sementara waktu, dan selama dekade mendatang inovasi seperti tangan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brake&usg=ALkJrhhF64gCSlT6ATwNVNiWUr2WB3iVBw" title="Rem">rem</a> , multi-kecepatan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_%28mechanics%29&usg=ALkJrhiyA3Lq8us9_o6ddEovNNJeVqjYVg" title="Transmisi (mekanik)">transmisi</a> , dan sistem <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering&usg=ALkJrhgZFDT_jaMymtU_Dty2HYXFEc126g" title="Pengemudian">kemudi yang lebih baik</a> dikembangkan. Beberapa diantaranya sukses secara komersial dalam menyediakan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport&usg=ALkJrhjaUKe2Ot75pYntVgOzts06X4rXwg" title="Transportasi umum">angkutan massal</a> , sampai reaksi terhadap kendaraan ini sangat pesat mengakibatkan bagian dari <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locomotive_Act&usg=ALkJrhiORQZc_4N0E0SscN6hazS1pAVCGw" title="Lokomotif Act">UU Lokomotif</a> (1865), yang diperlukan self-propelled kendaraan di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highway&usg=ALkJrhguiLpvSwnxyipOQNo66diolmkk9w" title="Jalan raya">jalan umum</a> di Inggris yang akan didahului oleh seorang pria berjalan kaki melambaikan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_flag&usg=ALkJrhgznAsmu6Gwh1c8WZpBgUMScksDtw" title="Red flag">bendera merah</a> dan meniup <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_%28acoustic%29&usg=ALkJrhiaG1Cqevle0K1K9GJwn4rRLmNDeg" title="Horn (akustik)">tanduk</a> .
Hal ini menyebabkan adanya pembangunan jalan auto di Inggris untuk
sebagian besar sisa abad ke-19, penemu dan insinyur bergeser upaya
mereka untuk perbaikan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway&usg=ALkJrhj17T9WAnaNSoOsoQjDUDNJV7bXEw" title="Jalan kereta api">kereta api</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locomotive&usg=ALkJrhh7XZDmnHlDNqsDS21FuKVVV5T_tA" title="Lokomotif">lokomotif</a> . (Hukum itu tidak dicabut sampai tahun 1896, meskipun kebutuhan untuk bendera merah telah dihapus pada tahun 1878.) </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Mobil pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent&usg=ALkJrhgbMvuq-5yGhwnUA031niMxFUA4Rw" title="Paten">paten</a> di Amerika Serikat diberikan kepada <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Evans&usg=ALkJrhjNH8-w7PkLaf6M1QNVVQrWdsy5VA" title="Oliver Evans">Oliver Evans</a> pada 1789.</div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XPpC9UBktlQ/UQW2hhZOYCI/AAAAAAAAAFw/C27F0QTPApw/s1600/FardierdeCugnot20050111.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="176" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-XPpC9UBktlQ/UQW2hhZOYCI/AAAAAAAAAFw/C27F0QTPApw/s320/FardierdeCugnot20050111.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<h5 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="17th_century">abad ke-19</span></h5>
<h5 style="text-align: left;">
Di antara upaya lain, pada tahun 1815, seorang profesor di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Technical_University_in_Prague&usg=ALkJrhhVVPs7LzkSHEgdJc2KvFEVJ6A1hQ" title="Universitas Teknik Ceko di Praha">Praha Politeknik</a> , <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef_Bozek&usg=ALkJrhj0D11725-HZAwL1-QkJStNEIx7Xw" title="Josef Bozek">Josef Bozek</a> , membangun mobil uap berbahan bakar minyak. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-0">[5]</sup></a> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.27</sup> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Hancock&usg=ALkJrhiFovKgyy3Fuh3oBc1ee4ELuLg_oA" title="Walter Hancock">Walter Hancock</a> , pembangun dan operator London <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_bus&usg=ALkJrhjluwH1Fowfvj2M-WgGHh1o374e_A" title="Uap bus">bus uap</a> , pada tahun 1838 dibangun uap empat kursi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaeton_%28carriage%29&usg=ALkJrhgH8VVR59v9FV0M9IBrCvbwdNA00g" title="Phaeton (carriage)">Phaeton</a> . <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-1"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: p27</sup> </h5>
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Pada tahun 1867, Kanada perhiasan <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DHenry_Seth_Taylor%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhiirHtS_HlwAnIWLS_3qmxs71araA" title="Henry Seth Taylor (halaman tidak ada)">Henry Seth Taylor</a> menunjukkan "kereta uap" dengan 4-roda nya di Fair Stanstead di Stanstead, Quebec, dan kemudian pada tahun berikutnya. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-google3436-6"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-google3436_6-0">[6]</sup></a>
Dasar dari kereta, yang pertama ia bangun pada tahun 1865, adalah
tinggi-roda kereta dengan bracing untuk mendukung mesin dua silinder uap
dipasang di lantai. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-7"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7">[7]</sup></a> </div>
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Apa beberapa orang mendefinisikannya sebagai yang pertama mobil ini diproduksi oleh Perancis <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%25C3%25A9d%25C3%25A9e_Boll%25C3%25A9e&usg=ALkJrhhzFlSlykUMRt2Ae5nh3svXXCfQFg" title="Amédée Bollee">Bollee Amédée</a> pada tahun 1873, yang membangun kendaraan uap self-propelled beroperasi untuk mengangkut kelompok penumpang. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
The American <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_B._Selden&usg=ALkJrhglk6cM4hVsV0Ee52I1dhSrzXWd7g" title="George B. Selden">George B. Selden</a> mengajukan paten pada tanggal 8 Mei 1879. Aplikasinya mencakup tidak hanya mesin namun penggunaannya dalam mobil 4-roda.
Selden mengajukan serangkaian amandemen permohonannya yang
membentangkan proses hukum, mengakibatkan penundaan 16 tahun sebelum <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://worldwide.espacenet.com/textdoc%3FDB%3DEPODOC%26IDX%3DUS549160&usg=ALkJrhgFpn1djR57f3sLVVDUIuuwsBLEyA" rel="nofollow"><span class="citation patent">AS 549.160</span></a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-8"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8">[8]</sup></a> diberikan pada tanggal 5 November 1895. </div>
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<a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Benz&usg=ALkJrhhWo8xba1KTLGkS4Sx7ijJlS_DPLQ" title="Karl Benz">Karl Benz</a> , penemu banyak terkait dengan mobil teknologi, menerima paten Jerman pada tahun 1886. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-9"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9">[9]</sup></a> </div>
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dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-stroke_engine&usg=ALkJrhgvf0K-4poN-xNP3t9FSGhsJqxxAw" title="Empat-stroke engine">kendaraan 4-TAK bahan bakar</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrol_engine&usg=ALkJrhh7ubEvoi6VVQjW75vMBC49ogjGtA" title="Mesin bensin">bensin</a> (bensin) <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine&usg=ALkJrhiVcdqQ-0KT7lS-lOxGPbFkbnSe2w" title="Mesin pembakaran internal">mesin pembakaran internal yang</a> yang merupakan bentuk paling umum dari propulsi otomotif modern adalah ciptaan dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolaus_Otto&usg=ALkJrhiF6ZbmfIZxjOxHN2ur-nQ-xBIH-A" title="Nikolaus Otto">Nikolaus Otto</a> . Empat-stroke yang sama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine&usg=ALkJrhj9buGRtfX9VNwYPvu-ieJSwhqSsg" title="Diesel engine">mesin diesel</a> diciptakan oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Diesel&usg=ALkJrhjYgjKz1BRIm-AXryFb8nY-xl42Vw" title="Rudolf Diesel">Rudolf Diesel</a> . Hidrogen <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_cell&usg=ALkJrhjA26dHd6L0ukITKqUFW8h8Nkk2nA" title="Sel bahan bakar">fuel cell</a>
, salah satu teknologi yang dianggap sebagai pengganti bensin sebagai
sumber energi untuk mobil, ditemukan pada prinsipnya oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Friedrich_Sch%25C3%25B6nbein&usg=ALkJrhg3gm4yWyUrfq6g9hozTLb9RtOB0Q" title="Christian Friedrich Schonbein">Christian Friedrich Schonbein</a> pada tahun 1838. baterai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_car&usg=ALkJrhijGx5E_r9kxxxPL1t1Pfb8HbT0bw" title="Mobil listrik">mobil listrik</a> berutang awal untuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2581nyos_Jedlik&usg=ALkJrhikHGNiiuGmlZT3vkqjkUr07uF16A" title="Anyos Jedlik">Anyos Jedlik</a> , salah satu dari penemu <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor&usg=ALkJrhiA2XCf6SmXWBzLa3E2X7atvyKDEQ" title="Motor listrik">motor listrik</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaston_Plant%25C3%25A9&usg=ALkJrhi9Wg4FVMCa5Rxa9rDyGfdGwJMU_g" title="Gaston Plante">Gaston Plante</a> , yang menemukan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead-acid_battery&usg=ALkJrhhFAD_oZnpj4Ws97dyeuhMXPmbbSg" title="Timbal-asam baterai">baterai timbal-asam</a> pada tahun 1859,dan <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Robert_Grove" target="_blank">Sir Wiliam Robert Grove</a> Penemu Hidrogen Fuel Cell.</div>
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Mobil kereta berukuran pertama yang cocok untuk digunakan di jalan
wagon yang ada di Amerika Serikat adalah kendaraan bertenaga uap
ditemukan pada tahun 1871, oleh Dr JW Carhart, seorang pendeta dari
Gereja Episkopal Methodist, di Racine, Wisconsin.
Ini disebabkan Negara Wisconsin pada tahun 1875, untuk menawarkan
penghargaan $ 10.000 untuk yang pertama untuk menghasilkan pengganti
praktis untuk penggunaan kuda dan hewan lainnya. Mereka menetapkan
bahwa kendaraan harus mempertahankan kecepatan rata-rata lebih dari lima
mil per jam selama kursus 200 mil.
Tawaran menyebabkan kota pertama untuk balapan mobil kota di Amerika
Serikat, dimulai pada 16 Juli, 1878 di Green Bay, Wisconsin, dan
berakhir di Madison, melalui Appleton, Oshkosh, Oshkosh, Watertown, Fort
Atkinson, dan Janesville. Sementara tujuh kendaraan yang terdaftar,
hanya dua mulai bersaing: entri dari Green Bay dan Oshkosh. Kendaraan
dari Green Bay adalah lebih cepat, tapi rusak sebelum menyelesaikan
perlombaan. The Oshkosh selesai kursus mil 201 di 33 jam dan 27 menit,
dan mencatat kecepatan rata-rata dari enam mil per jam. Pada tahun
1879, badan legislatif diberikan setengah hadiah. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-10"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10">[10]</sup></a> </div>
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Uap-mobil bertenaga melanjutkan pembangunan semua jalan ke awal abad
20, namun penyebaran mesin bensin sebagai kekuatan motif pilihan dalam
abad ke-19 akhir menandai akhir dari mobil uap kecuali sebagai
keingintahuan. Apakah mereka pernah akan terlahir kembali di era teknologi kemudian masih harus dilihat.
Tahun 1950-an melihat minat mobil turbinuap didukung oleh reaktor
nuklir kecil (ini juga berlaku untuk pesawat), tetapi bahaya yang melekat
dalam teknologi fisi nuklir segera menghentikan ide-ide ini. Kebutuhan perubahan global dalam sumber energi dan konsumsi yang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainability&usg=ALkJrhhGCNsOnR6kyn7hbwtJ05FyNbnv1Q" title="Keberlanjutan">keberlanjutan</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_development&usg=ALkJrhgF1OSnpeMRempLqa4-YR-NjLuZLw" title="Pengembangan energi">kemandirian energi</a>
telah menyebabkan insinyur abad ke-21 untuk berpikir sekali lagi
tentang kemungkinan penggunaan steam, jika didukung oleh sumber energi
modern dikendalikan dengan kontrol terkomputerisasi, seperti baterai
listrik canggih, bahan bakar sel, photovoltaics, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel&usg=ALkJrhhoxpRajhgd6Mcb_encWiLZ4A4I_A" title="Biofuel">biofuel</a> , atau orang lain.</div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1T96VoyBrS8/UQW3zWHQvmI/AAAAAAAAAGA/VXuND3u4xcg/s1600/Trevithick_Road_Loco_01.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1T96VoyBrS8/UQW3zWHQvmI/AAAAAAAAAGA/VXuND3u4xcg/s320/Trevithick_Road_Loco_01.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Electric_automobiles">mobil listrik</span></h4>
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Lihat juga: <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_electric_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhgQWDD5h0bj4ZByHnctKmbazUadvQ" title="Sejarah kendaraan listrik">Sejarah kendaraan listrik</a></h4>
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Pada 1828, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2581nyos_Jedlik&usg=ALkJrhikHGNiiuGmlZT3vkqjkUr07uF16A" title="Anyos Jedlik">Anyos Jedlik</a> , seorang Hungaria yang menemukan jenis awal <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_motor&usg=ALkJrhiA2XCf6SmXWBzLa3E2X7atvyKDEQ" title="Motor listrik">motor listrik</a> , menciptakan model mobil kecil bertenaga oleh motor barunya. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-factoidz-11"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-factoidz_11-0">[11]</sup></a> Pada tahun 1834, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermont&usg=ALkJrhiA0oScuf1iBs52KjAmAquTnh9sSg" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blacksmith&usg=ALkJrhgIhj3-k72NunasKEpulSHy0mBUZw" title="Pandai besi">blacksmith</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Davenport_%28inventor%29&usg=ALkJrhi4_8Rua8z6fGeCQVnSe7rw1X8c5w" title="Thomas Davenport (penemu)">Davenport Thomas</a> , penemu Amerika pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current&usg=ALkJrhh1Fsuy508xJPqSOy-MT_rtjFR6Gw" title="Arus searah">DC</a> motor listrik, dipasang nya motor dalam sebuah model mobil kecil, yang ia beroperasi di jalur listrik pendek melingkar. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-12"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-12">[12]</sup></a> Pada tahun 1835, Profesor Sibrandus Stratingh of <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groningen_%28city%29&usg=ALkJrhjDfMxM5SdeabDosA7qN8H2XtvAgw" title="Groningen (kota)">Groningen</a> , yang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netherlands&usg=ALkJrhg-6_AMPt2LqSFL9JiAcnO4KINyGA" title="Belanda">Belanda</a> dan asistennya Christopher Becker menciptakan mobil listrik skala kecil, didukung oleh non-rechargeable <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_cell&usg=ALkJrhh8C4xunNzDrAPu1we9ySGwoN0R6w" title="Primer sel">sel primer</a> . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-13"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-13">[13]</sup></a> Pada tahun 1838, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland&usg=ALkJrhj-qazpY1CixePj9SvfR_qhqqjUHQ" title="Skotlandia">Skotlandia</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Davidson_%28inventor%29&usg=ALkJrhihwDaC2zKSiFDP4WkiVnj675sSVA" title="Robert Davidson (penemu)">Robert Davidson</a> membangun sebuah lokomotif listrik yang mencapai kecepatan 4 mil per jam (6 km / h). Di Inggris, sebuah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent&usg=ALkJrhgbMvuq-5yGhwnUA031niMxFUA4Rw" title="Paten">paten</a> diberikan pada tahun 1840 untuk penggunaan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_tracks&usg=ALkJrhiBpHBn6dKRjr-zbwCezB7O6LcK5w" title="Rail trek">rel</a> sebagai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_conductor&usg=ALkJrhhfHhsdce9i9ClT8xUgx2FAawXy3w" title="Listrik konduktor">konduktor</a> dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current&usg=ALkJrhhhfDmtcvj8A7Nux_3HM85aljPjwg" title="Arus listrik">arus listrik</a>
, dan paten Amerika yang serupa yang dikeluarkan oleh Lilley dan Colten
pada tahun 1847. Antara 1832 dan 1839 (tahun belum diketahui dengan
pasti), <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Anderson_%28inventor%29&usg=ALkJrhioC5b3WpBaER-ACELMweprdinOFg" title="Robert Anderson (penemu)">Robert Anderson</a> dari Skotlandia menemukan kereta listrik pertama , didukung oleh non-isi ulang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_cell&usg=ALkJrhh8C4xunNzDrAPu1we9ySGwoN0R6w" title="Primer sel">sel primer</a> .</h4>
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Upaya awal untuk membuat dan menggunakan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine&usg=ALkJrhiVcdqQ-0KT7lS-lOxGPbFkbnSe2w" title="Mesin pembakaran internal">mesin pembakaran internal</a> terhambat oleh kurangnya kecocokan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel&usg=ALkJrhiHd6i-v3CbCkD-hXhh0qtg4EBVZg" title="Bahan bakar">bahan bakar</a> , terutama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid&usg=ALkJrhhOV64ZnoS-XOjzXVET0S5AxOOOYQ" title="Cair">cairan</a> , sehingga mesin awal campuran gas yang digunakan. </div>
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Awal peneliti menggunakan gas. Pada tahun 1806, insinyur Swiss <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%25C3%25A7ois_Isaac_de_Rivaz&usg=ALkJrhgvYkKWjf3wamVhRQDJMC_jsbM4jA" title="François Isaac de Rivaz">François Isaac de Rivaz</a> yang membangun <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Rivaz_engine&usg=ALkJrhj4pUiWlYbJlFKlhXIFMqrW-k-c1A" title="De Rivaz engine">sebuah mesin</a> pembakaran internal didukung oleh suatu <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen&usg=ALkJrhgAHHK7Ec_sM7aUOdrF-P7PwWxr4w" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen&usg=ALkJrhi443pBLlqT_ZqhgsOV3l34s46n2w" title="Oksigen">oksigen</a> campuran. Pada tahun 1826, Inggris <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Brown_%28engineer%29&usg=ALkJrhieWUAV9ObMDIQPZhu2SK8RnY9I2g" title="Samuel Brown (engineer)">Samuel Brown</a> yang diuji berbahan bakar hidrogen mesin pembakaran internal dengan menggunakannya untuk mendorong kendaraan sampai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooter%27s_Hill&usg=ALkJrhhfZiqulc0q-YrvKjCxGpVJPhUStA" title="Penembak Bukit">Bukit Shooter ini</a> di selatan-timur London. Kelahiran Belgia <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etienne_Lenoir&usg=ALkJrhjsBlRffN-tBlonOR3XBApI4GBBKg" title="Etienne Lenoir">Etienne Lenoir</a> 's <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippomobile_%28car%29&usg=ALkJrhiyJMdUPAU2gffMKVVPHJ9ybV3NkA" title="Hippomobile (mobil)">Hippomobile</a> dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen&usg=ALkJrhgAHHK7Ec_sM7aUOdrF-P7PwWxr4w" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a> -gas berbahan bakar <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_cylinder_engine&usg=ALkJrhiRvPOxrM4lj-dTq7O9s9eNZXZcDg" title="Silinder tunggal mesin">satu silinder</a> mesin pembakaran internal yang dibuat test drive dari Paris ke <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joinville-le-Pont&usg=ALkJrhhKO4AyRLYCv9NL3dsZH-LdTO_4Pw" title="Joinville-le-Pont">Joinville-le-Pont</a> pada tahun 1860, yang mencakup sekitar sembilan kilometer dalam waktu sekitar tiga jam. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-H2Mob-14"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-H2Mob_14-0">[14]</sup></a> kemudian Versi ini didorong oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_gas&usg=ALkJrhj9_u6YfIZ--7eEl5d2U-YEt46ngw" title="Gas batubara">gas batubara</a> . Sebuah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delamare-Deboutteville&usg=ALkJrhg7Q6yIP1DqDmdjDzpcCo3gjJi0SQ" title="Delamare-Deboutteville">Delamare-Deboutteville</a> kendaraan telah dipatenkan dan diuji coba pada tahun 1884. </div>
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Sekitar tahun 1870, di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna&usg=ALkJrhg9RQICagZH9CF7byxO7r6jhRi8hw" title="Wina">Wina</a> , Austria (maka <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austria-Hungary&usg=ALkJrhgdGoi8D20QUYvpKAnMtY59TH2K2A" title="Austria-Hongaria">Kekaisaran Austro-Hungaria</a> ), penemu <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegfried_Marcus&usg=ALkJrhjiIfeYDxraFt19brJ3bggujUkQXA" title="Siegfried Marcus">Siegfried Marcus</a>
menempatkan mesin pembakaran internal yang berbahan bakar cair pada
gerobak sederhana yang membuatnya menjadi manusia pertama untuk
mendorong kendaraan dengan cara bensin. Saat ini, mobil ini dikenal
sebagai "mobil Marcus pertama". Pada tahun 1883, Marcus dijamin paten
di Jerman dengan tegangan rendah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignition_system&usg=ALkJrhjdvNVdv4A1zz-fpPkBu8E2OHglaQ" title="Sistem pengapian">sistem pengapian</a> dari <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneto_%28electrical%29&usg=ALkJrhjYa02wKHSKwgD10h-FPuqHTh6R-w" title="Magneto (listrik)">dinamo</a> , ini hanya otomotif nya <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patent&usg=ALkJrhgbMvuq-5yGhwnUA031niMxFUA4Rw" title="Paten">paten</a> . Desain ini digunakan untuk semua mesin yang terus berlanjut, dan empat <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_seat&usg=ALkJrhiqjKjagH-jfSvim77kaFtDzrE3qQ" title="Kursi mobil">kursi</a> "mobil kedua Marcus" dari 1888-1889. Pengapian ini, dalam hubungannya dengan "berputar-sikat <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carburetor&usg=ALkJrhh9Jb3AcVEsxiThQKbKAO9duidlnw" title="Karburator">karburator</a> ", membuat desain mobil kedua yang sangat inovatif. </div>
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Secara umum diakui bahwa mobil benar-benar praktis pertama dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrol_engine&usg=ALkJrhh7ubEvoi6VVQjW75vMBC49ogjGtA" title="Mesin bensin">bensin / bensin bertenaga</a>
mesin pembakaran internal diselesaikan hampir bersamaan oleh penemu
Jerman beberapa bekerja secara independen: Karl Benz membangun mobil
pertamanya pada tahun 1885 di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannheim&usg=ALkJrhg0LySw_vI_tIUL_3p24YHYOX0WPw" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> . Benz diberi paten untuk mobil nya pada tanggal 29 Januari 1886, dan mulai produksi pertama mobil pada 1888, setelah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertha_Benz&usg=ALkJrhhoS6ch5N2NbUHhDPI7TeXSImoAXA" title="Bertha Benz">Bertha Benz</a>
, istrinya, telah terbukti - dengan perjalanan jarak jauh pertama pada
bulan Agustus 1888, dari Mannheim ke Pforzheim dan kembali - bahwa
pelatih horseless benar-benar cocok untuk penggunaan sehari-hari. Sejak 2008 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertha_Benz_Memorial_Route&usg=ALkJrhhqCmhxhv3UhvFicKCwrwTUWJLr7g" title="Bertha Benz Memorial Route">Bertha Benz Memorial Route</a> memperingati acara ini. </div>
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Segera setelah itu, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottlieb_Daimler&usg=ALkJrhhLP8Lq8iNKXEjj6mCy9MkjXysmYg" title="Gottlieb Daimler">Gottlieb Daimler</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Maybach&usg=ALkJrhjuLycpztHtmi3d9f0rlz57BRXLfw" title="Wilhelm Maybach">Wilhelm Maybach</a> di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuttgart&usg=ALkJrhgzeZQYhNG1p-Atq_EbwvyXOkiSaA" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a> pada tahun 1889 dirancang kendaraan dari awal untuk menjadi sebuah mobil, bukan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse-drawn_carriage&usg=ALkJrhgSIRjKu2aYbQsRadPtpV4tj-9cnQ" title="Kereta kuda">kereta kuda</a> dilengkapi dengan mesin. Mereka juga biasanya dikreditkan dengan penemuan sepeda motor pertama pada tahun 1886, namun Italia <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_Bernardi&usg=ALkJrhiwEV4uOww20yTDEWMjabg27L6_EQ" title="Enrico Bernardi">Enrico Bernardi</a> dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Padua&usg=ALkJrhhgxF-UFn-qnmCUzqMW9588KRbIoQ" title="University of Padua">University of Padua</a> , pada tahun 1882, mematenkan 0.024 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsepower&usg=ALkJrhggR983R0zhqNEaQFiDhBsgbnSA2Q" title="Daya kuda">tenaga kuda</a> (17,9 W) 122 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_centimetre&usg=ALkJrhg5pet85jETQCE4PwA_lUzsS5js7Q" title="Cubic sentimeter">cc</a> (7,4 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_inch&usg=ALkJrhhoKkklQtUHToNADr0m5qa384SP8w#Engine_displacement" title="Kubik inci">cu in</a> ) satu-silinder bermotor bensin, pas itu ke anaknya <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricycle&usg=ALkJrhhP04GynMkmd0GPpvMFDiz3eIAjSA" title="Roda tiga">roda tiga</a> , sehingga setidaknya calon mobil pertama, dan sepeda motor pertama;. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-2">[5]</sup></a> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.26</sup> Bernardi diperbesar sepeda roda tiga pada tahun 1892 untuk membawa dua orang dewasa. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-3"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.26</sup> </div>
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Salah satu dari empat roda pertama bensin-driven mobil di Inggris dibangun di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham&usg=ALkJrhjDsi8zDA_xA6OYnKvdiIIawtHo1A" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a> pada tahun 1895 oleh <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_William_Lanchester&usg=ALkJrhgObGVhCRUXNvZWbVc9WJZkhxNkXw" title="Frederick William Lanchester">Frederick William Lanchester</a> yang juga mematenkan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_brake&usg=ALkJrhhRyeJU23MjUesBPDW5uHzPxphIyw" title="Disc brake">rem cakram</a> , dan yang pertama <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_self_starter&usg=ALkJrhhGPwg0CReHG7_HPuSrIvK4tpWYWg" title="Automobile diri pemula">electric starter</a> dipasang pada <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhjZBkAdxD1LG4GxnfBC9XDAdGPUkw" title="Arnold (mobil)">Arnold</a> , sebuah adaptasi dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benz_Velo&usg=ALkJrhjwABddd2xlK3NGe2vsIQjMQgYBCA" title="Benz Velo">Velo Benz</a> , dibangun . antara 1895 dan 1.898 <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-4"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.25</sup> </div>
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George F. Foss of <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherbrooke&usg=ALkJrhj9dQ-zDeOp_QvirGIatDtdsx2tQA" title="Sherbrooke">Sherbrooke</a>
, Quebec membangun satu mobil-silinder bensin pada tahun 1896 yang
berkembang selama 4 tahun, mengabaikan peringatan oleh pejabat kota 'penangkapan
karena " gila." <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-google3436-6"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-google3436_6-1">[6]</sup></a> </div>
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Dalam semua kekacauan, perintis awal banyak hampir lupa. Pada tahun 1891, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_William_Lambert&usg=ALkJrhgLkjcenNIPzlTYYGsMqJef7AtxTA" title="John William Lambert">John William Lambert</a> membangun bajaj di Ohio City, Ohio, yang hancur dalam kebakaran pada tahun yang sama, sementara <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America_On_Wheels&usg=ALkJrhigu74DPX9xbjDULy3aCgz8VNEJMA#Collection_.26_exhibits" title="America On Wheels">Henry Nadig</a> dibangun empat roda di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allentown,_Pennsylvania&usg=ALkJrhh30LmtJUEzEIoLPb0o5DOMWYrjuA" title="Allentown, Pennsylvania">Allentown, Pennsylvania</a> . Kemungkinan mereka bukan satu-satunya. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-5"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.25</sup></div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sP4-JhfpOgI/UQW4kUgojGI/AAAAAAAAAGQ/qXK6Zgq1hDc/s1600/MW2_05_02_24_klein.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-sP4-JhfpOgI/UQW4kUgojGI/AAAAAAAAAGQ/qXK6Zgq1hDc/s1600/MW2_05_02_24_klein.jpg" /></a></div>
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<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Veteran_era">era Veteran</span></h3>
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Produksi pertama mobil itu oleh Karl Benz pada 1888 di Jerman dan, di bawah lisensi dari Benz, di Perancis oleh <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DEmile_Roger%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhgvF06s63amx_knYz-QoPm9984WlA" title="Emile Roger (halaman tidak ada)">Emile Roger</a> .Masih banyak lagi, termasuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tricycle&usg=ALkJrhhP04GynMkmd0GPpvMFDiz3eIAjSA" title="Roda tiga">sepeda roda tiga</a> Buantan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_%28car%29&usg=ALkJrhhgwvdJ44ZU_vhQY1YmO3ufNK84tQ" title="Telur (mobil)">Rudolf Telur</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Butler_%28inventor%29&usg=ALkJrhhn8ed8mXV13N-qrn5fEUGYowgrDg" title="Edward Butler (penemu)">Edward Butler</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25A9on_Boll%25C3%25A9e&usg=ALkJrhhhJ-Jl0xIXPPVJ-TiaQHZ-dIOH4w" title="Léon Bollee">Léon Bollee</a> . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-6">[5]</sup></a> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal. 20-23</sup> Bollee, menggunakan mesin bertenaga 650 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_centimetre&usg=ALkJrhg5pet85jETQCE4PwA_lUzsS5js7Q" title="Cubic sentimeter">cc</a> (40 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic_inch&usg=ALkJrhhoKkklQtUHToNADr0m5qa384SP8w" title="Kubik inci">cu in</a>
) mesin didesain sendiri, memungkinkan dapat di naiki bersama
sopirnya, serta men Jamin berkecepatan rata-rata 45 kilometer per jam
(28,0 mph) di 1897 <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DParis-Tourville%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhhqwhAcVdFUlLg0UH1Uc2PWv5cGfQ" title="Paris-Tourville (halaman tidak ada)">Paris-Tourville</a> reli. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-7"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.23</sup> Pada tahun 1900, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_production&usg=ALkJrhiek1RiJ2Aw-fwlklhCv_KHqo6uHg" title="Massa-produksi">produksi massal</a> mobil telah dimulai di Perancis dan Amerika Serikat. Mobil pertama di Eropa Tengah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-15"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-15">[15]</sup></a> dan merupakan salah satu mobil buatan pabrik pertama di dunia, diproduksi oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_lands&usg=ALkJrhhTe_rlHI1-2Qnty4Nh-TA4Cpi_Rg" title="Czech tanah">Czech</a> perusahaan Nesselsdorfer Wagenbau (kemudian berganti nama menjadi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatra_%28company%29&usg=ALkJrhgv9c_OwwGwOj2Y_k-Lu7SuGA-g0g" title="Tatra (perusahaan)">Tatra</a> ) pada tahun 1897, yang merupakan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%25C3%25A4sident&usg=ALkJrhh_0m1KSrmNSlWkvB-w_sTj_ugfhA" title="Präsident">Präsident</a> automobil. Perusahaan pertama yang dibentuk secara eksklusif untuk membangun mobil adalah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panhard&usg=ALkJrhgK4VUD4xKvjmJbEybtGNnhy0Y4jQ" title="Panhard">Panhard et Levassor</a> di Perancis, yang juga memperkenalkan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inline-four_engine&usg=ALkJrhjSP1M4NUTDSaoWdHX2_c8EpZqbsA" title="Inline-mesin empat">mesin empat silinder</a> untuk pertama kalinya . <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-8"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: p.22</sup> Dibentuk pada tahun 1889, Panhard segera diikuti oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peugeot&usg=ALkJrhhA-T1toCoCLWNnJ0cVrfQ6h7Irpw" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a> dua tahun kemudian. Pada awal abad ke-20, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_industry&usg=ALkJrhgH2O7unNU2RdH4uK1p7Bx686M39A" title="Industri otomotif">industri otomotif</a>
mulai lepas landas di Eropa Barat, terutama di Perancis, di mana 30.204
diproduksi pada tahun 1903, yang mewakili 48,8% dari produksi dunia
mobil tahun itu. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-16"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16">[16]</sup></a></div>
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Di Amerika Serikat, saudara <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Duryea&usg=ALkJrhhUEhHa7l1iK0h3b0Q-QX8-3Oq_yg" title="Charles Duryea">Charles</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Duryea&usg=ALkJrhjRwrMDLo7VujKjI8waF1llopUqew" title="Frank Duryea">Frank Duryea</a> mendirikan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duryea_Motor_Wagon_Company&usg=ALkJrhhrTIVAHiMT7RX6v21ZfGwSrmh-5g" title="Duryea motor Wagon Perusahaan">Perusahaan Duryea motor Wagon</a> tahun 1893, menjadi perusahaan manufaktur mobil Amerika pertama. Namun, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ransom_E._Olds&usg=ALkJrhjWbtOUbul1MV0_N53uVU6aNN62Hw" title="Ransom E. Olds">Ransom E. Olds</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olds_Motor_Vehicle_Company&usg=ALkJrhgUy5z3HU8d_Zuy2ViqkWFuZ4kiEA" title="Olds Kendaraan Bermotor Perusahaan">Olds Motor Company Kendaraan </a> nya (kemudian dikenal sebagai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile&usg=ALkJrhgdPkHpwSM-AGaXkH_tIADI4rL7hg" title="Oldsmobile">Oldsmobile</a> ) yang akan mendominasi era produksi mobil. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_line&usg=ALkJrhgaM4AM5UQGpiZoABTMnegVxjqgIw" title="Lini produksi">lini produksi</a> berjalan pada tahun 1902. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_B._Jeffery_Company&usg=ALkJrhiAoSdvI_Ks8dgRu0lEnKpMcv-a0w" title="Thomas B. Jeffery Perusahaan">Thomas B. Perusahaan Jeffery</a> mengembangkan secara massal di dunia diproduksi mobil dan 1.500 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rambler_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhijm1Yvw5bk4HI-kkxnsgCsRwgiBQ" title="Rambler (mobil)">Ramblers</a> dibangun dan dijual pada tahun pertama, mewakili seperenam dari semua unit mobil yang ada di Amerika Serikat pada saat itu. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-17"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17">[17]</sup></a> Dalam setahun, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhiacXsxOBfq3aZBc07RwUN9ib8yGA" title="Cadillac (mobil)">Cadillac</a> (dibentuk dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Ford_Company&usg=ALkJrhgLsD3BkwI7OTCpWppfltk2sNa8eA" title="Henry Ford Perusahaan">Perusahaan Ford Henry</a> ), <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winton_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhMSki_X-hgYf2NsdgTavlvTDlHLQ" title="Winton mobil">Winton</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company&usg=ALkJrhh8p4WCi22mgY4KZrbUOXAvq03C_g" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a> juga memproduksi mobil dalam skala ribuan. </div>
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Dalam beberapa tahun, bermacam-macam <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_engineering&usg=ALkJrhgOUoMhzIbkSH7hB__57DjTS5upsQ" title="Otomotif rekayasa">teknologi</a> yang memusingkan sedang diproduksi oleh ratusan produsen di seluruh dunia barat. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_car&usg=ALkJrhgTwfWuc4RXVyYD_T4w_BD_U-1euA" title="Uap mobil">Uap</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhjR6bVhqR1NUUTWXbN5KP3VLU7x5w" title="Kendaraan listrik">listrik</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrol_engine&usg=ALkJrhh7ubEvoi6VVQjW75vMBC49ogjGtA" title="Mesin bensin">bensin / bensin bertenaga</a> mobil bersaing untuk beberapa dekade, dengan bensin / bensin <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine&usg=ALkJrhiVcdqQ-0KT7lS-lOxGPbFkbnSe2w" title="Mesin pembakaran internal">mesin pembakaran internal</a> dalam meraih dominasi pada 1910-an . Dual-mobil dan bahkan quad-mesin yang dirancang, dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_displacement&usg=ALkJrhgPffUfoweITotoJa38fjIHldirPQ" title="Perpindahan mesin">perpindahan mesin</a> berkisar lebih dari selusin <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litre&usg=ALkJrhgP-6m0EjIwo2uzXKontCnT-O_p0Q" title="Liter">liter</a> . Kemajuan modern, termasuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhjVhYW5YDUVwP0hWinuxu9vstLgBw" title="Hibrida listrik kendaraan">hibrida gas / listrik</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-valve&usg=ALkJrhiQS_sdz4zW0EXGHPh8imza_5LhJg" title="Multi-katup">multi-katup</a> mesin, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overhead_camshaft&usg=ALkJrhisCzg9wErIxNLese4_Fu-0foSR4w" title="Overhead camshaft">overhead camshaft</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhgIGkPXzcUNlpDvyWA3ltzvrG_7yg" title="Empat-wheel drive">empat-wheel drive</a> , di padukan, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Renault_%28industrialist%29&usg=ALkJrhjT88JJvnEsksTvS5ukYKoFjfE8NQ" title="Louis Renault (industrialis)">Louis Renault</a> memiliki <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Dion-Bouton&usg=ALkJrhg_jDNQoS140qVdGixpMvdoHzutJw" title="De Dion-Bouton">De Dion Bouton-</a> yang dimodifikasi, dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive_shaft&usg=ALkJrhj7EwY6TFe30Zb1NFT360mw6oezPQ" title="Berkendara poros">poros penggerak</a> tetap,dengan roda gigi <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DRing_and_pinion%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhheHKiPkSHM0Jyi4z4qGbzL_m0IyQ" title="Cincin dan pinion (halaman tidak ada)">cincin dan pinion</a> , menjadikan itu mungkin yang pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_rod&usg=ALkJrhiWl4ruymPRjexoYqKzn0kerV3Kww" title="Mobil balap">hot rod</a> dalam sejarah.dan membawa Renault dan saudara-saudaranya ke dalam industri mobil. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-18"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-18">[18]</sup></a> Inovasi pun cepat dan merajalela, tanpa jelas <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_standard&usg=ALkJrhh3fSFtebTp6YnDk1OQUD3EBLl7Lw" title="Standar teknis">standar</a> untuk arsitektur kendaraan dasar, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_body_style&usg=ALkJrhg6iC4ekx-QACA-5KZ65cgfsaTCPQ" title="Mobil gaya tubuh">gaya tubuh</a> , bahan pembuatan kendaraan , atau kontrol. Banyak <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veteran_car&usg=ALkJrhgQ5OrlIwh0gXOMdvmqcGqZ91cUMg" title="Veteran mobil">mobil veteran</a> menggunakan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiller&usg=ALkJrhjdMItE21NuR0m-O66E9r04pNzi4w" title="Petani">penggarap</a> , bukan roda untuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steering&usg=ALkJrhgZFDT_jaMymtU_Dty2HYXFEc126g" title="Pengemudian">kemudi</a> . Selama 1903, Rambler standar pada roda kemudi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-19"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-19">[19]</sup></a> dan pindah posisi pengemudi ke sisi kiri kendaraan. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-20"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20">[20]</sup></a> Kebanyakan mobil yang dioperasikan pada satu <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear_ratio&usg=ALkJrhis4vdgHm6eMXxVrCiuELTSMrS9Pg" title="Gigi rasio">kecepatan</a> . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chain_drive&usg=ALkJrhjUd_UcscqTNcBllkgfJkmxX9QbaQ" title="Rantai drive">hard Rantai</a> dominan atas drive shaft, dan ditutup tubuh yang sangat langka. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drum_brake&usg=ALkJrhifbEUij3SAkh7DQnMCjfESOVyi3w" title="Drum rem">Drum rem</a> diperkenalkan oleh Renault pada tahun 1902. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p62-21"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p62_21-0">[21]</sup></a> Tahun berikutnya, Belanda desainer <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spyker&usg=ALkJrhjK5hllDlushOYTnC4xMLNON71-iQ" title="Spyker">Jacobus Spijker</a> menciptakan mobil balap pertama dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhgIGkPXzcUNlpDvyWA3ltzvrG_7yg" title="Empat-wheel drive">four-wheel drive</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-22"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-22">[22] </sup></a> namun tidak pernah berkompetisi dan pada 1965 menjadi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jensen_FF&usg=ALkJrhghEuikjWYKFcXj0qBexbFz24LQPA" title="Jensen FF">FF Jensen</a> sebelum empat-wheel drive yang digunakan pada mobil produksi. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-23"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-23">[23]</sup></a> </div>
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Inovasi tidak terbatas pada kendaraan itu sendiri, baik. Meningkatnya jumlah mobil mendorong pertumbuhan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petroleum_industry&usg=ALkJrhj8d4ecGvbwlhCQhymg1eE_cNDgHg" title="Minyak Industri">industri perminyakan</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988pp60-61-24"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988pp60-61_24-0">[24]</sup></a> serta pengembangan teknologi untuk memproduksi bensin (menggantikan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerosene&usg=ALkJrhizBRTZ739ks6U9gBETpwqF2yZa1Q" title="Minyak tanah">minyak tanah</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_oil&usg=ALkJrhgLwO0a4oIBR2MxVzAqJag0stjvbA" title="Batubara minyak">minyak batubara</a> ) dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_oil&usg=ALkJrhjY3YUXpIOxwsHHyoajBb8V1nqL4Q" title="Pencahar">minyak mineral</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lubricant&usg=ALkJrhjlWpaRxSDC8O_nM0fgAUD03q66Eg" title="Minyak pelumas">pelumas</a> untuk mengurangi gesekan dan panas mesin (menggantikan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_fats_and_oils&usg=ALkJrhjH44kbVplJkAo55iNEatcZw-mjow" title="Minyak dan lemak nabati">sayuran</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whale_oil&usg=ALkJrhiExe1OamOfSXUafaGFUbuVjE_WoQ" title="Lemak ikan paus">hewani</a> minyak). <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p60-25"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p60_25-0">[25]</sup></a> </div>
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Ada dampak sosial, juga. Musik akan dibuat tentang mobil, seperti "Di
Oldsmobile Selamat My" (tradisi yang terus) sementara, pada tahun 1896, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan&usg=ALkJrhj6HYRWYo7TbbbsTEIOhYv4TnrdsQ" title="William Jennings Bryan">William Jennings Bryan</a> menjadi kandidat <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_President&usg=ALkJrhh8oEnYG1nwdYKLgZqLbkqBx4S8WA" title="Presiden Amerika Serikat">presiden</a> yang pertama untuk berkampanye di mobil (yang menyumbangkan <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DMueller_Manufacturing_Company%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhj1x6E1ZQTRk02vwXN8oeObgZySng" title="Mueller Manufacturing Company (halaman tidak ada)">Mueller</a> ), di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decatur,_Illinois&usg=ALkJrhjNUMSY5BAN9x2O3iIyWG11zdbaEQ" title="Decatur, Illinois">Decatur</a> , Illinois . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-26"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26">[26]</sup></a> Tiga tahun kemudian, Jacob Jerman akan memulai tradisi untuk New York City <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxicab&usg=ALkJrhj_DubV9SyFzEnp_D_hAUcajOEzJQ" title="Taksi">sopir taksi</a> ketika ia melaju <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexington_Avenue_%28Manhattan%29&usg=ALkJrhiH_n0zcOLfpviVSclf6g8HnRhfjA" title="Lexington Avenue (Manhattan)">Lexington Avenue</a> , pada kecepatan "kurangajar" dari 12 mph (19 km / jam). <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Lewis.2C_p.92-27"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Lewis.2C_p.92_27-0">[27]</sup></a> Juga pada tahun 1899, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akron,_Ohio&usg=ALkJrhhQtWLc-GaML1WFLUcQabieVnbn7A" title="Akron, Ohio">Akron</a> , Ohio, mengadopsi self-propelled pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_van&usg=ALkJrhiQsN2s-oHGm6uqTMXPqpYKZ8brZw" title="Mobil polisi">gerobak padi</a> . <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Lewis.2C_p.92_27-1"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Lewis.2C_p.92-27">[27]</a></sup></div>
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Pada tahun 1900, itu mungkin untuk berbicara tentang industri otomotif nasional di banyak negara, termasuk Belgia (rumah untuk <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DVincke%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhgDGYYk15ym_rS1BSWjGDuRR6l-HA" title="Vincke (halaman tidak ada)">Vincke</a> , yang disalin Benz, <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DGermain_%28carmaker%29%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhhezxo-XHZ0v5Nh1ckSpcxq8nyjOQ" title="Germain (produsen mobil) (halaman tidak ada)">Germain</a> , sebuah pseudo-Panhard, dan <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DLinon%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhikaEzNWyfiZoR-sPOxogcD5ESyzQ" title="Linon (halaman tidak ada)">linon</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagant&usg=ALkJrhjD0NyRGV8tfdp8XzaNofBVURJ9rg" title="Nagant">Nagant</a> , baik berdasarkan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobron-Brilli%25C3%25A9&usg=ALkJrhgp9rMmV3q-fv1ovBvek-_sMlyezQ" title="Gobron-Brillié">Gobron-Brillié</a> ), <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-9">[ 5]</sup></a> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: p, 25</sup> Switzerland (dipimpin oleh <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DFritz_Henriod%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhimwHbeSTjRpYOhzhNJYDfAmkGA5Q" title="Fritz Henriod (halaman tidak ada)">Fritz Henriod</a> , Rudolf Telur, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saurer&usg=ALkJrhjEylUtcb19ID2CTkaxnrPFKDfROA" title="Saurer">Saurer</a> , <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DJohann_Weber%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhhc8qz3dTjxpC_sKIcSqyhoN-B6qQ" title="Johann Weber (halaman tidak ada)">Johann Weber</a> , dan <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DLorenz_Popp%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhjO3jv5LvNxE_Czd4cCi4hzJu5R_A" title="Lorenz Popp (halaman tidak ada)">Lorenz Popp</a> ), <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-10"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.25</sup> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vabis&usg=ALkJrhhE8PCstlEuzHhDZ7hJbLbyqM-oiA" title="Vabis">Vagnfabrik AB</a> di Swedia, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammel_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhgDE7cmRSZtsTBZlxBHMoD7vBJluw" title="Hammel (mobil)">Hammel</a> (oleh AF Hammel dan HU Johansen di Kopenhagen, di Denmark, yang hanya dibangun satu mobil, ca 1886. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-11"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.25),</sup> <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DPaul_Henningsen_Irgens%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhhj6uq5GLwpjKh_2WPotYtWhhgWdg" title="Paul Henningsen Irgens (halaman tidak ada)">Irgens</a> (mulai di Bergen, Norwegia, pada tahun 1883, tetapi tidak berhasil), <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-12"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.25-26</sup> Italia (di mana <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat&usg=ALkJrhhaLHCAfSMNtsoa9MeOHJdxAWCleg" title="Persetujuan">FIAT</a> mulai tahun 1899), dan sejauh jauh seperti Australia (di mana <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DPioneer_%28Australian_automobile%29%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhhrIhpujHy-cd0XTr9ua0Zkqt5FGg" title="Pioneer (mobil Australia) (halaman tidak ada)">Pioneer</a> mendirikan toko pada tahun 1898, dengan yang sudah kuno <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tractor_vaporising_oil&usg=ALkJrhiyu5l8QbeGhu8-JiYpx4pUrXqqEw" title="Tractor menguap minyak">parafin</a> wagon berbahan bakar pusat-poros-dikemudikan). <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-13"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup>
Sementara itu, perdagangan ekspor mulai menjadi global, dengan Koch
mengekspor mobil dan truk dari Paris ke Tunisia, Mesir, Iran, dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies&usg=ALkJrhhov-zM5di3KFC1G0pwdGYgM_NPrw" title="Hindia Belanda">Hindia Belanda</a> . <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-14"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: P25</sup> </div>
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Pada tanggal 5 November 1895, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_B._Selden&usg=ALkJrhglk6cM4hVsV0Ee52I1dhSrzXWd7g" title="George B. Selden">George B. Selden</a> diberikan sebuah paten Amerika Serikat untuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-stroke_engine&usg=ALkJrhjOiKM-GBUiYZZNjFhiEsG5sq2Q_w" title="Dua-stroke engine">dua-stroke</a> mesin mobil ( <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://www.google.com/patents%3Fvid%3D549160&usg=ALkJrhin2hzh0ekOWRsBFcjYSU_nfVo0yg" rel="nofollow">US Patent 549.160</a>
). Paten ini tidak lebih untuk menghambat daripada mendorong
perkembangan autos di Amerika Serikat. Selden lisensi paten untuk mobil
Amerika yang paling besar, mengumpulkan biaya pada setiap mobil yang
mereka hasilkan. The <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studebaker&usg=ALkJrhg9nQaSXTh7wyaK46tGBNVUsrTEjw" title="Studebaker">Studebaker</a> saudara, telah menjadi produsen terkemuka di dunia dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse-drawn_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhicFUwA014tpRv0kuc_fyUfFb__Ow" title="Kuda kendaraan">kuda kendaraan</a>
, membuat transisi ke mobil listrik pada tahun 1902, dan mesin bensin
pada tahun 1904, tetapi juga terus membangun kuda kendaraan sampai 1919.
<a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Longst-28"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Longst_28-0">[28]</sup></a> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.90</sup> Pada tahun 1908, Selatan Amerika pertama mobil ini dibangun di Peru, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grieve&usg=ALkJrhgGcBs4lLZTykmAb94P8SY1qLc5Gw" title="Bersedih"><i>Grieve</i></a> . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Peru-29"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Peru_29-0">[29]</sup></a> motor mobil juga diekspor sangat dini untuk koloni Inggris dan kendaraan bermotor pertama diekspor ke India pada tahun 1897. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Sepanjang era mobil veteran, namun, mobil dipandang sebagai lebih dari hal yang baru dari perangkat yang benar-benar berguna. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdown_%28vehicle%29&usg=ALkJrhhEq63fAadsGxviBJKVjF89YyNDNw" title="Breakdown (kendaraan)">Breakdowns</a> yang sering, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel&usg=ALkJrhiHd6i-v3CbCkD-hXhh0qtg4EBVZg" title="Bahan bakar">bahan bakar</a>
sulit diperoleh, jalan yang cocok untuk bepergian langka, dan inovasi
yang cepat berarti bahwa mobil tahun ini hampir tidak berharga.
Terobosan besar dalam membuktikan kegunaan mobil datang dengan drive
jarak jauh bersejarah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertha_Benz&usg=ALkJrhhoS6ch5N2NbUHhDPI7TeXSImoAXA" title="Bertha Benz">Bertha Benz</a> pada 1888, ketika dia bepergian lebih dari 80 kilometer (50 mil) dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mannheim&usg=ALkJrhg0LySw_vI_tIUL_3p24YHYOX0WPw" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> ke <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pforzheim&usg=ALkJrhgz9VI2fR1JuK2OKUpcLrYTLd52mw" title="Pforzheim">Pforzheim</a> , untuk membuat orang sadar akan potensi kendaraan nya suami, Karl Benz, diproduksi, dan setelah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatio_Nelson_Jackson&usg=ALkJrhgYUQ_NeYutppcAxGQPrmpXFMV_rA" title="Horatio Nelson Jackson">Horatio Nelson Jackson</a> drive 's benua yang sukses di seluruh Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1903. Para <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1908_New_York_to_Paris_Race&usg=ALkJrhjcYHlCl6GCJHdD_oxns6tQp1oh4w" title="1.908 New York ke Paris Ras">1.908 New York ke Paris Ras</a> adalah mengelilingi pertama dunia dengan mobil.
Tim Jerman, Perancis, Italia dan Amerika dimulai di New York City, 12
Februari 1908 dengan tiga pesaing akhirnya mencapai Paris. AS dibangun Thomas Flyer dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Schuster_%28driver%29&usg=ALkJrhgKJmnC89yJCJi9bgihJhQoWwubQA" title="George Schuster (driver)">George Schuster (driver)</a> memenangkan perlombaan yang meliputi 22.000 mil dalam 169 hari. Sementara mobil lain yang disediakan pengendara dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tire&usg=ALkJrhjljWbbYReMEhY6D8vb7hcLwjXzoQ" title="Ban">ban</a> kit perbaikan, Rambler pertama kali pada tahun 1909 untuk melengkapi mobil dengan sebuah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spare_tire&usg=ALkJrhgj0cImoc4m5ps7oz0UZB7iKGeIJQ" title="Ban serap">ban serep</a> yang dipasang pada roda kelima. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-30"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-30">[30]</sup></a></div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bhJAHvWwRGU/UQW0o1rTQ2I/AAAAAAAAAFg/HdYZB-XyNaA/s1600/CugnotSteamTrolly.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a></div>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-h7djisxC9QU/UQW6t757KWI/AAAAAAAAAGg/buJDeIlC1Yg/s1600/Japan1898Panhard.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="233" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-h7djisxC9QU/UQW6t757KWI/AAAAAAAAAGg/buJDeIlC1Yg/s320/Japan1898Panhard.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-30"
> </sup> </div>
Fix the errors listed on the Standards tab of this report. Markup errors like missing end tags mean screen readers may skip important content.
Two or more elements on this page share the same ID, which cause problems in screen readers which use IDs for labeling controls and table headings.
This also causes problems in JavaScript methods like getElementById and querySelector, which behave inconsistently when duplicate IDs are present.
Change the ID so it is unique for each element.
> </sup> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Lewis.2C_p.92_27-1"
> </sup> </div>
Fix the errors listed on the Standards tab of this report. Markup errors like missing end tags mean screen readers may skip important content.
Two or more elements on this page share the same ID, which cause problems in screen readers which use IDs for labeling controls and table headings.
This also causes problems in JavaScript methods like getElementById and querySelector, which behave inconsistently when duplicate IDs are present.
Change the ID so it is unique for each element.
> </sup> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #e6ecf9;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Brass_or_Edwardian_era">Kuningan atau era Edwardian</span></span></h4>
<h4 style="text-align: left;">
Artikel utama: <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brass_Era_car&usg=ALkJrhgdozgQWQKF-aIqQ_JqUEXnP0Ci0A" title="Kuningan Era mobil">Kuningan mobil Era</a> </h4>
<div class="rellink boilerplate seealso" style="text-align: left;">
Lihat juga: <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antique_car&usg=ALkJrhgulMX7vcVcX8oxuWk7iBP7jyMchg" title="Antik mobil">mobil Antik</a> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Dinamakan untuk digunakan secara luas dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brass&usg=ALkJrhhgG4JejWGUU9Bs9tU5roeqxwSj_g" title="Kuningan">kuningan</a> di Amerika Serikat, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brass_era_car&usg=ALkJrhhKXkOplsj4As6BHHwfmg3XFYyqmA" title="Kuningan era mobil">Kuningan</a> (atau <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardian_era&usg=ALkJrhhZKyQPSVBRvL3KXTnpvHLMjeLfmg" title="Edwardian era">Edwardian</a> ) Era berlangsung dari sekitar 1905 hingga awal Perang Dunia I pada 1914. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Dalam 15 tahun yang membentuk era ini, desain eksperimental berbagai
sistem tenaga alternatif akan terpinggirkan. Meskipun modern <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touring_car&usg=ALkJrhhf3qbvp4NV3JI1dclxrNghirvPmA" title="Mobil wisata">mobil touring</a> telah ditemukan sebelumnya, hal itu tidak sampai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panhard&usg=ALkJrhgK4VUD4xKvjmJbEybtGNnhy0Y4jQ" title="Panhard">Panhard et Levassor</a> 's <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%25C3%25A8me_Panhard&usg=ALkJrhgLZmZr-AItUkF1FFxSGDLf3XfsBw" title="Système Panhard"><i>Système Panhard</i></a> secara luas berlisensi dan diadopsi bahwa mobil dikenali dan standar diciptakan. Sistem ini ditentukan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-engine_design&usg=ALkJrhj21jqcaMFXaYn4TcBzIp-SrdxZ_A" title="Front-desain mesin">depan bermesin</a> , <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rear-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhhK8_cBOwFUJL0SD8yZhyturTm7Ig" title="Rear-wheel drive">rear-wheel drive</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine&usg=ALkJrhiVcdqQ-0KT7lS-lOxGPbFkbnSe2w" title="Mesin pembakaran internal">pembakaran internal bermesin</a> mobil dengan geser <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gear&usg=ALkJrhjN_Yp-kBfRJTwroIqvYuGJnr5Igg" title="Gigi">gigi</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_%28mechanics%29&usg=ALkJrhiyA3Lq8us9_o6ddEovNNJeVqjYVg" title="Transmisi (mekanik)">transmisi</a> . Tradisional <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coach_%28carriage%29&usg=ALkJrhjWF9jVMKwkRsfhtSZjT2zLHBbTFg" title="Pelatih (carriage)">pelatih</a> gaya kendaraan dengan cepat ditinggalkan, dan Buckboard <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runabout_%28car%29&usg=ALkJrhgrqQXUNB9QxXb3V4cGgs0ytEY_Vg" title="Runabout (mobil)">runabouts</a> kehilangan nikmat dengan pengenalan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonneau&usg=ALkJrhhF_XlXrhHu9GvkNt5h0iQgUN6v-w" title="Tonneau">tonneaus</a> dan lainnya lebih murah badan touring.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Pada 1906, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_car&usg=ALkJrhgTwfWuc4RXVyYD_T4w_BD_U-1euA" title="Uap mobil">mobil uap</a> pembangunan telah maju, dan mereka berada di antara kendaraan jalan tercepat pada periode itu. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-31"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-31">[31]</sup></a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space: nowrap;">[ <span title="Materi di sekitar tag ini gagal verifikasi kutipan sumbernya (s) dari Agustus 2010"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability&usg=ALkJrhgyLASThmhoenQ2yn2Jy4sZ-bJuTw" title="Wikipedia: pemastian"><i>tidak dalam kutipan yang diberikan</i></a></span> ]</sup> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Sepanjang era ini, perkembangan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_engineering&usg=ALkJrhgOUoMhzIbkSH7hB__57DjTS5upsQ" title="Otomotif rekayasa">teknologi otomotif</a>
sangat cepat, sebagian karena ratusan produsen kecil bersaing untuk
mendapatkan perhatian dunia. Perkembangan penting termasuk listrik <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignition_system&usg=ALkJrhjdvNVdv4A1zz-fpPkBu8E2OHglaQ" title="Sistem pengapian">sistem pengapian</a> (oleh <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamotor&usg=ALkJrhgM1emn3LGR7oA3anzE_4Yl6U-WcQ" title="Dynamotor">dynamotor</a> di <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DArnold_%28car%29%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhhy0stLGMKWpVs1kVIvKLUDuIr44Q" title="Arnold (mobil) (halaman tidak ada)">Arnold</a> pada tahun 1898, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p61-32"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p61_32-0">[32]</sup></a> meskipun <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Bosch&usg=ALkJrhg-g3Lxrg4RO5iK_adN0ixyL2UyBw" title="Robert Bosch">Robert Bosch</a> , 1903, cenderung untuk mendapatkan kredit), <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_suspension&usg=ALkJrhj6z5If7y5zo-Vhw_5os6pQ1QCvFw" title="Suspensi independen">suspensi independen</a> (sebenarnya dipahami oleh Bollee tahun 1873), <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p61_32-1"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p61-32">[32]</a></sup> dan empat- <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel&usg=ALkJrhiY4ngaUQ63ZuqOVR8kjO-z4VJOEg" title="Roda">roda</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brake&usg=ALkJrhhF64gCSlT6ATwNVNiWUr2WB3iVBw" title="Rem">rem</a> (oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrol-Johnston&usg=ALkJrhjyn1U1_T0U8UKwuUeiIPN38wU1zA" title="Arrol-Johnston">Arrol-Johnston</a> Perusahaan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotland&usg=ALkJrhj-qazpY1CixePj9SvfR_qhqqjUHQ" title="Skotlandia">Skotlandia</a> pada tahun 1909). <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-15"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: p27</sup> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf_spring&usg=ALkJrhjIdRvlFcby2WgNw5_NeToSh5rCZg" title="Pegas daun">mata Leaf</a> secara luas digunakan untuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspension_%28vehicle%29&usg=ALkJrhgdgbkQwSf3YlrDvSWs_RS025KU0Q" title="Suspensi (kendaraan)">suspensi</a> , meskipun sistem lain banyak yang masih digunakan, dengan sudut baja mengambil alih dari lapis baja <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood&usg=ALkJrhh7u2WhAfE4R_BDekxVG6ncPvESqw" title="Kayu">kayu</a> sebagai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_%28vehicle%29&usg=ALkJrhhnQmQWqwUoFtz2Cne0doBdXPwFiQ" title="Frame (kendaraan)">bingkai</a> bahan pilihan . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_%28mechanics%29&usg=ALkJrhiyA3Lq8us9_o6ddEovNNJeVqjYVg" title="Transmisi (mekanik)">Transmisi</a>
dan kontrol throttle secara luas diadopsi, yang memungkinkan berbagai
kecepatan jelajah, meskipun kendaraan umumnya masih memiliki pengaturan
kecepatan diskrit, daripada sistem tak terhingga variabel akrab di mobil
era selanjutnya. Kaca pengaman juga memulai debutnya, dipatenkan oleh <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DJohn_Crewe_Wood%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhinHXplG6cnUZG7ppEuh9m2-BY3BA" title="John Wood Crewe (halaman tidak ada)">John Wood</a> di Inggris pada tahun 1905. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p62-21"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p62_21-1">[21]</sup></a> (Ini tidak akan menjadi perlengkapan standar sampai 1926, pada <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rickenbacker_%28car%29&usg=ALkJrhizw4WucOhgSKspvSBJ6rDlZqtHWA" title="Rickenbacker (mobil)">Rickenbacker</a> .) <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p62_21-2"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p62-21">[21]</a></sup> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Antara 1907 dan 1912 di Amerika Serikat, yang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_wheeler&usg=ALkJrhg77m3tp3g53yDNCLsOCDlErA2Dvg" title="Tinggi wheeler">tinggi bermotor roda kereta</a> (menyerupai kereta kuda sebelum 1900) berada di masa jayanya, dengan lebih dari tujuh puluh lima pembuat termasuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holsman_Automobile_Company&usg=ALkJrhiPVxl3ONr2EkXjG30_amF2lfdo4w" title="Holsman Automobile Perusahaan">Holsman</a> (Chicago), <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Harvester&usg=ALkJrhgKhVefPAPuFxpIndfaYQrNpd_Yvg" title="International Harvester">IHC</a> (Chicago), dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Motor_Car_Works&usg=ALkJrhgANYI-BLnqorbnO6w6UKtCY696nA" title="Lincoln Mobil Motor Works">Sears</a> (yang dijual <i>melalui</i> katalog), tinggi-roda akan dibunuh oleh Model T. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-16"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: p.65</sup> Pada tahun 1912, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hupmobile&usg=ALkJrhiL9zPQP82jN_eYFCDu-CrVU3YYqw" title="Hupmobile">Hupp</a> (di AS, yang disediakan oleh <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DHale_%2526_Irwin%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhjADJskFivUN7zZIfkHzaeaJTySqQ" title="Hale & Irwin (halaman tidak ada)">Hale Irwin &</a> ) dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSA_cars&usg=ALkJrhhVRgOQK1BIEJAEscULAhV4bqbAJw" title="BSA mobil">BSA</a> (di Inggris) mempelopori penggunaan baja semua badan, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p63-33"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p63_33-0">[33]</sup></a> bergabung pada tahun 1914 oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodge&usg=ALkJrhhOVphCMyiokecv5U7WAowHosj5tA" title="Menghindari">Dodge</a> (yang diproduksi tubuh Model T). <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p62_21-3"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p62-21">[21]</a></sup>
Meskipun akan dua dekade sebelum semua baja-badan akan menjadi standar,
perubahan berarti pasokan meningkat unggul berkualitas kayu untuk
pembuat mebel. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-17"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> </div>
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Beberapa contoh mobil periode ini termasuk: </div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dNy49vWpZwE/UQW8JPJGFGI/AAAAAAAAAGw/lyAVeLU6kx8/s1600/220px-Rc10954.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dNy49vWpZwE/UQW8JPJGFGI/AAAAAAAAAGw/lyAVeLU6kx8/s1600/220px-Rc10954.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ruPgn1hZ06s/UQW8Jd4-0uI/AAAAAAAAAG0/qM9UkjveTJg/s1600/220px-TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ruPgn1hZ06s/UQW8Jd4-0uI/AAAAAAAAAG0/qM9UkjveTJg/s1600/220px-TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg" /></a></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li> 1908-1927 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Model_T&usg=ALkJrhggU_TW03AlyFCoQW6plAFuWzgSYQ" title="Ford Model T">Ford Model T</a> - mobil 4-seater yang paling banyak diproduksi dan tersedia pada zaman tersebut. Itu menggunakan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicyclic_gearing&usg=ALkJrhg7p01pErRReCCi6curCyN5qBsX6w" title="Epicyclic gearing">transmisi planet</a>
, dan memiliki sistem kontrol pedal berbasis. Ford T diproklamasikan
sebagai mobil yang paling berpengaruh pada abad ke-20 di internasional <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_of_the_Century&usg=ALkJrhjyQlWDbGSJptsbkGt4yelkA-4LEQ" title="Mobil Abad Ini">Car of the Century</a> penghargaan. </li>
<li> 1909 Morgan Runabout - yang sangat populer <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclecar&usg=ALkJrhgJL1YJYth3yQIBBdkJC8W8yRz5DA" title="Cyclecar">cyclecar</a> , cyclecars dijual dalam jumlah jauh lebih besar dari 4-seater mobil dalam periode ini <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-34"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-34">[34]</sup></a> </li>
<li> 1910 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercer_Raceabout&usg=ALkJrhiYEeXiiCZfutEYZcX1-HXxfgR97A" title="Mercer Raceabout">Raceabout Mercer</a> - dianggap sebagai salah satu yang pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_car&usg=ALkJrhi2p0BlTU4VeXRWxnEkE9HmSHtv6Q" title="Mobil sport">mobil sport</a> , Raceabout itu mengungkapkan kegembiraan dari masyarakat mengemudi, seperti yang dilakukan sama dikandung <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Underslung&usg=ALkJrhiVTt9CEIOZ--JbfPA7aL3vtP-s6g" title="Amerika Underslung">Amerika Underslung</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispano-Suiza_Alphonso&usg=ALkJrhjCYxvI_pif8AhGEbjVhzpio3w5EQ" title="Hispano-Suiza Alphonso">Hispano-Suiza Alphonso</a> . </li>
<li> 1910-1920 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugatti_Type_13&usg=ALkJrhjPsoRj9ptNR9gIi7BrFzJ7yM7vQQ" title="Bugatti Type 13">Bugatti Type 13</a> - yang terkenal <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auto_racing&usg=ALkJrhgCqpSjWvhqkoEkNF2zDMMF_-O59Q" title="Auto racing">balap</a> dan model tur dengan canggih <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_engineering&usg=ALkJrhgOUoMhzIbkSH7hB__57DjTS5upsQ" title="Otomotif rekayasa">rekayasa</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_design&usg=ALkJrhg0D2qBIX9sEEBbbqctU2WomYNHlg" title="Otomotif desain">desain</a> . Model yang sama adalah Tipe 15, 17, 22, dan 23. </li>
</ul>
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</div>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Vintage_era">Era Vintage</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Artikel utama: <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintage_car&usg=ALkJrhg-DUzobcs2PDMf4yV99YGKHesqmA" title="Vintage mobil">mobil Vintage</a> </h3>
<div class="rellink boilerplate seealso" style="text-align: left;">
Lihat juga: <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antique_car&usg=ALkJrhgulMX7vcVcX8oxuWk7iBP7jyMchg" title="Antik mobil">mobil Antik</a> </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Era Vintage berlangsung dari akhir Perang Dunia I (1919), melalui <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929&usg=ALkJrhiZDBdIytA6bQikYfHV5paIVgEp8A" title="Wall Street Kecelakaan tahun 1929">kecelakaan Wall Street</a> pada akhir tahun 1929. Selama periode ini, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-engine_design&usg=ALkJrhj21jqcaMFXaYn4TcBzIp-SrdxZ_A" title="Front-desain mesin">depan-bermesin</a> mobil mendominasi, dengan tertutup <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_body_style&usg=ALkJrhg6iC4ekx-QACA-5KZ65cgfsaTCPQ" title="Mobil gaya tubuh">badan</a> dan kontrol standar menjadi norma. Pada tahun 1919, 90% dari mobil yang dijual terbuka, oleh 1929, 90% ditutup. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-georgano_5-18"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-georgano-5">[5]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" style="white-space: nowrap;">: hal.7</sup> Pengembangan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine&usg=ALkJrhiVcdqQ-0KT7lS-lOxGPbFkbnSe2w" title="Mesin pembakaran internal">mesin pembakaran internal</a> terus dengan pesat, dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-valve&usg=ALkJrhiQS_sdz4zW0EXGHPh8imza_5LhJg" title="Multi-katup">multi-katup</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overhead_camshaft&usg=ALkJrhisCzg9wErIxNLese4_Fu-0foSR4w" title="Overhead camshaft">overhead camshaft</a> mesin yang diproduksi di tinggi end, dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V8_engine&usg=ALkJrhj17CooLibO1iEUZwtFJeSq70KKUg" title="V8 engine">V8</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V12_engine&usg=ALkJrhjXVO5D3VpCK-Sz0uDsKNE1x7Nfzw" title="Mesin V12">V12</a> , dan bahkan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V16_engine&usg=ALkJrhjlm8cAH-pZH6KroyZQjVeBCPCXyA" title="V16 engine">mesin V16</a> dikandung untuk ultra-kaya. Juga pada tahun 1919, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_brake&usg=ALkJrhiThU3nWCy4Jn-RDR1WwjixUdGDYg" title="Rem hidrolik">rem hidrolik</a> diciptakan oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malcolm_Loughead&usg=ALkJrhhBZ1z9OaT41f2xPKvqwnX42LScKA" title="Malcolm Loughead">Malcolm Loughead</a> (co-pendiri <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Corporation&usg=ALkJrhgRxR1m2xdXQ03d7qTH08wUin-pcQ" title="Lockheed Korporasi">Lockheed</a> ), mereka diadopsi oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duesenberg&usg=ALkJrhhxkixLPyPtUWk67cmG4tXXdKxToA" title="Duesenberg">Duesenberg</a> Model untuk tahun 1921 mereka A. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p62_21-4"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p62-21">[21]</a></sup> Tiga tahun kemudian, <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DHermann_Rieseler%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhg-uRKuFB6Mz447TSFCSCrWNWwaqQ" title="Hermann Rieseler (halaman tidak ada)">Hermann Rieseler</a> dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulcan_%28motor_vehicles%29&usg=ALkJrhic3F70gs3UmQBlIfNgkXLob7SZwg" title="Vulcan (kendaraan bermotor)">Vulcan motor</a> menemukan pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_transmission&usg=ALkJrhgr3DwNMeiPWC_PRPMbVj30zpIpRw" title="Persneling otomatis">transmisi otomatis</a> , yang memiliki dua-kecepatan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epicyclic_gearing&usg=ALkJrhg7p01pErRReCCi6curCyN5qBsX6w" title="Epicyclic gearing">planet</a> gearbox, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torque_converter&usg=ALkJrhjqsdJ9fvUsi1y2YGTe3IHRd6W71g" title="Torque converter">konverter torsi</a> , dan pembatasan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clutch&usg=ALkJrhiYiXf-42BtxAwkqYpuzc2DRjQouA" title="Kopling">kopling</a> , tidak pernah memasuki produksi. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p62_21-5"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p62-21">[21]</a></sup> (Its seperti hanya akan menjadi pilihan yang tersedia pada tahun 1940.) <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p62_21-6"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p62-21">[21]</a></sup> Hanya pada akhir era vintage, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toughened_glass&usg=ALkJrhg8XJoKIA3NklN8I0nsZkSJTFUjwQ" title="Dikeraskan kaca">kaca tempered</a> (sekarang perlengkapan standar di sisi jendela) ditemukan di Perancis. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p62_21-7"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p62-21">[21]</a></sup> Di era ini revolusioner <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponton_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhj-KK7f3zbKcNHYM05YajsbUH2I8A" title="Ponton (mobil)">desain ponton</a> mobil tanpa sepenuhnya diartikulasikan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fender_%28vehicle%29&usg=ALkJrhiowBuJakhqTqsDlTJhFdXCSh7ibA" title="Fender (kendaraan)">fender</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Running_board&usg=ALkJrhhCrcoIf9-x85S8yHCrLAw13c6tMw" title="Injak-injak">berlari papan</a>
dan non-kompak unsur langkan diperkenalkan dalam seri kecil tapi
produksi massal mobil tersebut adalah mulai banyak kemudian (setelah
Perang Dunia II). </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Teladan antik kendaraan: </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1QpaXkMExJM/UQW8x7rNayI/AAAAAAAAAHA/1Yb6Kjhy7iU/s1600/220px-MHV_Lancia_Lambda_1923_01.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1QpaXkMExJM/UQW8x7rNayI/AAAAAAAAAHA/1Yb6Kjhy7iU/s1600/220px-MHV_Lancia_Lambda_1923_01.jpg" /></a></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li> 1922-1939 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin_7&usg=ALkJrhgXmnJJmzm2ZCTazmJGnmxNSztusQ" title="Austin 7">Austin 7</a>
- Tujuh Austin adalah salah satu kendaraan yang paling banyak disalin
pernah, melayani sebagai template untuk mobil di seluruh dunia, dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW&usg=ALkJrhif6cakZLB6K9uIsC5vpjAH7cDusw" title="BMW">BMW</a> ke <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan&usg=ALkJrhieFRm1Szhql2lGGXwxrqdOu50yEg" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> . </li>
<li> 1922-1931 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancia_Lambda&usg=ALkJrhiv94cRvqF42_WQVx6nifUmJ9gQuw" title="Lancia Lambda">Lancia Lambda</a> - mobil yang sangat canggih untuk mobil, pertama kali untuk fitur beban <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocoque&usg=ALkJrhgaP_ydS0c5x2EXxa1xF6gNle_DCg" title="Monocoque">monocoque</a> -tipe tubuh dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_suspension&usg=ALkJrhj6z5If7y5zo-Vhw_5os6pQ1QCvFw" title="Suspensi independen">suspensi depan independen</a> . </li>
<li> 1924-1929 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugatti_Type_35&usg=ALkJrhgUYUr4tEE3G29NZH5zQ6-SX-viCw" title="Bugatti Type 35">Tipe Bugatti 35</a> - Tipe 35 adalah salah satu mobil balap paling sukses sepanjang masa, dengan lebih dari 1.000 kemenangan dalam lima tahun. </li>
<li> 1925-1928 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanomag_2_/_10_PS&usg=ALkJrhivsu_gn27qpo8RVaD6f3CG-E8QPw" title="Hanomag 2/10 PS">Hanomag 2/10 PS</a> - contoh awal dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponton_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhj-KK7f3zbKcNHYM05YajsbUH2I8A" title="Ponton (mobil)">styling ponton</a> . </li>
<li> 1927-1931 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Model_A_%281927-1931%29&usg=ALkJrhhoHeoefGCxoVnWL0JZ7cpL7wQDVw" title="Ford Model A (1927-1931)">Ford Model A (1927-1931)</a> - setelah menjaga kuningan era <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Model_T&usg=ALkJrhggU_TW03AlyFCoQW6plAFuWzgSYQ" title="Ford Model T">T Model</a> dalam produksi terlalu lama, Ford pecah dari masa lalu dengan me-restart seri model dengan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1927_Model_A&usg=ALkJrhgmBuhYCdG9Hu12Datu8IrUqXyoWQ" title="1.927 Model A">Model 1927</a>
Lebih dari 4 juta diproduksi, membuatnya. model terlaris dari era.
Ford A adalah prototipe untuk awal mobil produksi massal Soviet ( <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DGAZ_A%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhixJJNmTBQVt8GCCG8JO2lf4ulU3w" title="GAZ A (halaman tidak ada)">GAZ A</a> ). </li>
<li> 1.930 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_V-16&usg=ALkJrhjvMFwB7xk_s63KOBo553cXxOm_yg" title="Cadillac V-16">Cadillac V-16</a> - yang dikembangkan pada puncak era vintage, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V16_engine&usg=ALkJrhjlm8cAH-pZH6KroyZQjVeBCPCXyA" title="V16 engine">V16</a> bertenaga <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhiacXsxOBfq3aZBc07RwUN9ib8yGA" title="Cadillac (mobil)">Cadillac</a> akan bergabung <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugatti&usg=ALkJrhgs6ZNBMa4KQ0WIoYDzi4nvW-TXlw" title="Bugatti">Bugatti</a> 's <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugatti_Royale&usg=ALkJrhj3uoKi4hHEhfZVQdDF0i4CRNc_aQ" title="Bugatti Royale">Royale</a> sebagai ultra-mewah mobil paling legendaris era. </li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Vintage_era"
> </span>Pra-Perang Dunia II era</h3>
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> </span>Pra-Perang Dunia II era</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Artikel utama: <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_car&usg=ALkJrhhfytIfjVvcn1SK8JjbCAaFiBMncg" title="Klasik mobil">mobil Klasik</a> </h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Bagian pra-perang era klasik dimulai dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression&usg=ALkJrhjADD-ury-ekyUxWUVD6ok_B2bc-g" title="Besar Depresi">Depresi Besar</a>
pada tahun 1930, dan berakhir dengan pemulihan setelah Perang Dunia II,
umumnya ditempatkan di tahun 1948. Saat itu di periode ini yang
terintegrasi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fender_%28vehicle%29&usg=ALkJrhiowBuJakhqTqsDlTJhFdXCSh7ibA" title="Fender (kendaraan)">fender</a> dan sepenuhnya menutup <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_body_style&usg=ALkJrhg6iC4ekx-QACA-5KZ65cgfsaTCPQ" title="Mobil gaya tubuh">tubuh</a> mulai mendominasi penjualan, dengan baru <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedan_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhgywjg-vNewPMvkrFAe3kR1V4dr1g" title="Sedan (mobil)">sedan / sedan</a> gaya tubuh bahkan memasukkan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trunk_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhgCwcCEiXda_G0qfwkQNwl9lZsxNQ" title="Batang (mobil)">batang atau boot</a> di bagian belakang untuk penyimpanan. Yang terbuka atas tua <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runabout_%28car%29&usg=ALkJrhgrqQXUNB9QxXb3V4cGgs0ytEY_Vg" title="Runabout (mobil)">runabouts</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaeton_%28carriage%29&usg=ALkJrhgH8VVR59v9FV0M9IBrCvbwdNA00g" title="Phaeton (carriage)">phaetons</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touring_car&usg=ALkJrhhf3qbvp4NV3JI1dclxrNghirvPmA" title="Mobil wisata">mobil touring</a> dihilangkah pada akhir era klasik sebagai sayap, papan berjalan, dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headlamp&usg=ALkJrhhmXj7GmZ8zE5EUQuLkZfcZfn1NRA" title="Headlamp">lampu</a> secara bertahap terintegrasi dengan bodi mobil. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Pada 1930-an, sebagian besar teknologi mekanik yang digunakan dalam
mobil saat ini telah ditemukan, meskipun beberapa hal itu kemudian
"kembali diciptakan", dan dikreditkan ke orang lain. Misalnya, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhiEcwVP8pHHF6sWkllytcp_EzfAdw" title="Front-wheel drive">front-wheel drive</a> itu kembali diperkenalkan oleh André <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citro%25C3%25ABn&usg=ALkJrhiXPDc_SfSC8dQMoDSlHDdIPr2n7w" title="Citroën">Citroën</a> dengan peluncuran <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citro%25C3%25ABn_Traction_Avant&usg=ALkJrhg6RAYBuxe_XFC_q6uPIojftGNhYg" title="Citroën Traction Avant"><i>Traction Avant</i></a> pada 1934, meskipun sudah muncul beberapa tahun sebelumnya dalam mobil jalan yang dibuat oleh <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvis_Cars&usg=ALkJrhjianTaPlAjc1OZO37-gzBjF3EPhw" title="Alvis Mobil">Alvis</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cord_Automobile&usg=ALkJrhjYCzepX9cOdNDIPoFhXMOvCMJH0Q" title="Kabel Automobile">Cord</a>
, dan dalam mobil balap oleh Miller (dan mungkin memiliki muncul pada
awal 1897). Dalam nada yang sama, suspensi independen pada awalnya
dipahami oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%25C3%25A9d%25C3%25A9e_Boll%25C3%25A9e&usg=ALkJrhhzFlSlykUMRt2Ae5nh3svXXCfQFg" title="Amédée Bollee">Amédée Bollee</a> pada tahun 1873, tetapi tidak dimasukkan ke dalam produksi sampai muncul pada volume rendah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_380_%281933%29&usg=ALkJrhh9I_yKHJqqAPlSJS5N5s6N4pJSug" title="Mercedes-Benz 380 (1933)">Mercedes-Benz 380</a> tahun 1933, yang didorong pembuat Amerika untuk menggunakannya lebih luas. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Csere1988p61_32-2"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Csere1988p61-32">[32]</a></sup> Pada 1930 , jumlah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_industry&usg=ALkJrhgZXB5om5WjVbb2yZYnK7mpYGwt7g" title="Industri otomotif">produsen mobil</a> menurun tajam sebagai industri konsolidasi dan matang, sebagian berkat efek dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression&usg=ALkJrhjADD-ury-ekyUxWUVD6ok_B2bc-g" title="Besar Depresi">Depresi Besar</a> . </div>
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Teladan pra-perang mobil: </div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YtKErOZA1Z8/UQW9R68EfHI/AAAAAAAAAHI/MrNOULDnhqI/s1600/220px-RollsRoycePhantomCirca1936.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YtKErOZA1Z8/UQW9R68EfHI/AAAAAAAAAHI/MrNOULDnhqI/s1600/220px-RollsRoycePhantomCirca1936.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C2i1hUKyqVk/UQW9SO1hcxI/AAAAAAAAAHM/N6mdcmI0YiE/s1600/220px-Traction_avant.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-C2i1hUKyqVk/UQW9SO1hcxI/AAAAAAAAAHM/N6mdcmI0YiE/s1600/220px-Traction_avant.jpg" /></a></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li> 1932-1939 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvis_Speed_20&usg=ALkJrhhD07HE8BjiDTE7XXiHV-G3loI7ug" title="Alvis Kecepatan 20">Kecepatan Alvis 20</a> dan <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DAvis_Speed_25%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhjywmcNtDCoIJkSFIFBQ-eQHa5wyA" title="Avis Kecepatan 25 (halaman tidak ada)">Kecepatan 25</a> - mobil pertama dengan semua- <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchromesh&usg=ALkJrhg-cQTcB0WFusDY1TEZ2RAy_XBkXw" title="Synchromesh">gearbox synchromesh</a> . <sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[ <span title="Klaim ini membutuhkan referensi ke sumber terpercaya dari November 2012"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed&usg=ALkJrhiZ_IIXUxmSc3OUT9mgnu7SrV8VTQ" title="Wikipedia: Kutipan diperlukan"><i>rujukan?</i></a></span> ]</sup> </li>
<li> 1932-1948 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Model_B_%281932%29&usg=ALkJrhibDhuhaFq-9-xT2dTXjjLwK4KQ0Q" title="Ford Model B (1932)">Ford V-8 (Model B)</a> - pengenalan kuat <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Flathead_engine&usg=ALkJrhhK8jsi3tbpYXJm4Vf68LEgAN8tVw" title="Ford Flathead engine">V8 flathead</a> dalam kendaraan utama, pengaturan kinerja baru dan standar efisiensi. </li>
<li> 1934-1940 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bugatti_Type_57&usg=ALkJrhiwFOaAE9tZZPGqTN6MbktQcBIlLA" title="Bugatti Type 57">Bugatti Type 57</a> - sebuah mobil halus tunggal untuk orang kaya. </li>
<li> 1934-1956 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citro%25C3%25ABn_Traction_Avant&usg=ALkJrhg6RAYBuxe_XFC_q6uPIojftGNhYg" title="Citroën Traction Avant">Citroën Traction Avant</a> - massa-diproduksi pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhiEcwVP8pHHF6sWkllytcp_EzfAdw" title="Front-wheel drive">front-wheel drive</a> mobil, dibangun dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocoque&usg=ALkJrhgaP_ydS0c5x2EXxa1xF6gNle_DCg" title="Monocoque">monocoque</a> sasis. </li>
<li> 1936-1955 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MG_T-type&usg=ALkJrhgqFr1gsK2CDAwg2JRQNW5K0mm-HA" title="MG T-tipe">MG seri T</a> - mobil sport dengan daya tarik muda dengan harga yang terjangkau. </li>
<li> 1938-2003 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle&usg=ALkJrhgPy50Rxp47389GaSLPzEUFf3oh_g" title="Volkswagen Beetle">Volkswagen Beetle</a>
- desain untuk efisiensi dan harga rendah, yang diproduksi selama lebih
dari 60 tahun dengan perubahan dasar minimal, tetapi memiliki produksi
terbesar dalam sejarah dengan lebih dari 20 juta unit yang diproduksi di
beberapa kabupaten. Mobil dianugerahi tempat keempat di pasar internasional <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_of_the_Century&usg=ALkJrhjyQlWDbGSJptsbkGt4yelkA-4LEQ" title="Mobil Abad Ini">Car of the 20th Century</a> kompetisi. Sebuah mobil baru menggemakan styling dari aslinya telah diproduksi di abad ke-21. </li>
<li> 1936-1939 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Phantom_III&usg=ALkJrhg76lwlIf_OSNzHbNywWb5z-8GUfw" title="Rolls-Royce Phantom III">Rolls-Royce Phantom III</a> - <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V12_engine&usg=ALkJrhjXVO5D3VpCK-Sz0uDsKNE1x7Nfzw" title="Mesin V12">V12 bermesin</a>
puncak pra-perang rekayasa, dengan kemajuan teknologi tidak terlihat di
produsen lain kebanyakan sampai 1960-an. Kinerja yang unggul dan
berkualitas. </li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Post-war_era">Pasca-perang era</span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Artikel utama: <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classic_car&usg=ALkJrhhfytIfjVvcn1SK8JjbCAaFiBMncg" title="Klasik mobil">mobil Klasik</a> </h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Sejak Perang Dunia II <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_design&usg=ALkJrhg0D2qBIX9sEEBbbqctU2WomYNHlg" title="Otomotif desain">desain mobil</a> mengalami perubahan revolusi total <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ponton_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhj-KK7f3zbKcNHYM05YajsbUH2I8A" title="Ponton (mobil)">ponton</a> gaya (tanpa non-kompak unsur langkan), salah satu perwakilan massa pertama yang Soviet <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ-M20_Pobeda&usg=ALkJrhhmcVtEfoC3jl0AdCKjw7aCsCCngQ" title="GAZ-M20 Pobeda">GAZ-M20 Pobeda</a> (1946), British <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Vanguard&usg=ALkJrhiPB5YggHNhxGS4-3JMZcwQDj50Gg" title="Standar Vanguard">Standard Vanguard</a> (1947), AS <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studebaker_Champion&usg=ALkJrhhzV2mZ7yobnmnF-Dfu6OZW8Yzi5w" title="Studebaker Champion">Studebaker Champion</a> dan <a class="new" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DKaiser_Special%26action%3Dedit%26redlink%3D1&usg=ALkJrhjaLecdadSg6FKa0HziHiqb7H8Phw" title="Kaiser Khusus (halaman tidak ada)">Kaiser Khusus</a> (1947), dan kecil seri Ceko mewah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatra_600&usg=ALkJrhixN80_VZrG-EJFGszawMi-ryfubg" title="Tatra 600">Tatra T600 Tatraplan</a> (1946) dan Italia <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisitalia&usg=ALkJrhi3ZnBPC2kv-CqL7x_T63ZOyEr83A" title="Cisitalia">Cisitalia 220</a> sportcar (1947). </div>
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Mobil desain dan produksi akhirnya muncul dari orientasi militer dan
bayangan lainnya perang pada tahun 1949, tahun yang di Amerika Serikat
melihat pengenalan tinggi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compression_ratio&usg=ALkJrhhJrDmcHfbrNo3kh-sGlpwVl7-a-w" title="Rasio kompresi">kompresi</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V8_engine&usg=ALkJrhj17CooLibO1iEUZwtFJeSq70KKUg" title="V8 engine">mesin V8</a> dan badan modern dari <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_Corporation&usg=ALkJrhj18wg7CQteBoL9O2StPNHRH3GyGw" title="General Motors Corporation">General Motors</a> ' <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oldsmobile&usg=ALkJrhgdPkHpwSM-AGaXkH_tIADI4rL7hg" title="Oldsmobile">Oldsmobile</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhiacXsxOBfq3aZBc07RwUN9ib8yGA" title="Cadillac (mobil)">Cadillac</a> merek. The <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibody&usg=ALkJrhieGalNP8HQBvZwoBxlRpk63ERs1A" title="Unibody">unibody</a> / <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacPherson_strut&usg=ALkJrhiVm6poBjpDp0h3uM_Ez49rZgUy4w" title="MacPherson strut">strut-ditangguhkan</a> 1.951 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Consul&usg=ALkJrhjMsJ5ujGUsr9C3hLXWiouEawbVAg" title="Ford Konsul">Ford Konsul</a> bergabung tahun 1948 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Minor&usg=ALkJrhjcLhCU1wrVpIR-cx-61NL-bycSHA" title="Morris Minor">Morris Minor</a> dan 1949 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rover_P4&usg=ALkJrhiEm35zxo9JJFfSkPxJADSZDKs4oA" title="Rover P4">Rover P4</a> di bangun pasar mobil di Inggris. Di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy&usg=ALkJrhiCUwBM6pV_6K7qdN6LdELHPFnQOg" title="Italia">Italia</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzo_Ferrari&usg=ALkJrhgWavG1SxDUg9_ZmFNrSdMk0YlQ3Q" title="Enzo Ferrari">Enzo Ferrari</a> mulai nya <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari_250&usg=ALkJrhjX_YwYEzXqTSc5vcbRO8uXpZMHAQ" title="Ferrari 250">250 series</a> , seperti <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancia&usg=ALkJrhikrwLGnlhDo50sARBOaUF7PJTLGQ" title="Lancia">Lancia</a> memperkenalkan revolusioner <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V6_engine&usg=ALkJrhhsX7vT5C507c080Pd2ykkvxZfI6w" title="V6 engine">V6</a> bertenaga <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancia_Aurelia&usg=ALkJrhjAyZWBYqcm3M9fArGQ_BZniNGjxw" title="Lancia Aurelia">Aurelia</a> . </div>
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Sepanjang tahun 1950-an, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motive_power&usg=ALkJrhgvHDSUL1s-UtStAVN7WGRNL0pyfw" title="Gaya gerak">mesin</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_%28physics%29&usg=ALkJrhg-anSY0s3DBQFO-qeMhEQNPkTH4Q" title="Power (fisika)">listrik</a> dan kecepatan kendaraan meningkat, desain menjadi lebih terpadu dan berseni, dan mobil yang tersebar di seluruh dunia. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alec_Issigonis&usg=ALkJrhjzm-lyvbdzPkTR82--e7w85zmqQA" title="Alec Issigonis">Alec Issigonis</a> ' <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini&usg=ALkJrhhz51I28_4uEjIJA6nf5ZloRNjZ9A" title="Mini">Mini</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat&usg=ALkJrhhaLHCAfSMNtsoa9MeOHJdxAWCleg" title="Persetujuan">Fiat</a> 's <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat_500&usg=ALkJrhheE73O9mWJ70TdF1xEcCdFOsuGnA" title="Fiat 500">500</a> mobil kecil menyapu Eropa, sementara mirip <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kei_car&usg=ALkJrhjL2UaxdXwf_epP4GBntmuE1lQD9w" title="Kei car">kei car</a> kelas menempatkan Jepang pada roda untuk pertama kalinya. Para legendaris <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle&usg=ALkJrhgPy50Rxp47389GaSLPzEUFf3oh_g" title="Volkswagen Beetle">Volkswagen Beetle</a> selamat <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolf_Hitler&usg=ALkJrhh9fOv8mGC2gWwxLcUH3010q1-2QA" title="Adolf Hitler">Hitler</a> 's Jerman untuk menggoyang pasar mobil kecil di Amerika. Ultra mewah, dicontohkan di Amerika oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_Eldorado&usg=ALkJrhhugCdYfiv7XVT89tt59KGcBD21BQ" title="Cadillac Eldorado">Cadillac Eldorado Brougham</a> , muncul kembali setelah lama absen, dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_tourer&usg=ALkJrhhmfdWfWGjcFXjOykWH2y1LQXD1wQ" title="Grand tourer">tourers besar</a> (GT), seperti <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari_America&usg=ALkJrhiKeweRznAFsHahzYhzBhbOStbJZA" title="Ferrari America">Amerika Ferrari</a> , menyapu seluruh Eropa. </div>
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Pasar agak berubah pada tahun 1960, sebagai Detroit mulai khawatir
tentang persaingan asing, pembuat Eropa mengadopsi teknologi yang
semakin tinggi, dan Jepang muncul sebagai negara penghasil mobil yang
serius. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors&usg=ALkJrhhOW8bVRbAhLAA5T-ivj3w8H2esxA" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> , <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_Corporation&usg=ALkJrhhJsmLV5xwleanyLMQSGOifGheulQ" title="Chrysler Corporation">Chrysler</a> , dan Ford mencoba mobil kecil radikal, seperti para <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GM_A_platform&usg=ALkJrhgHzQAOnaJwfUR_CtcNh_2Ivup8zQ" title="GM Sebuah platform">GM A-tubuh</a> , tetapi memiliki sedikit keberhasilan. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captive_import&usg=ALkJrhhjk8XnInzGyqi6nUVMCW1TxP5mhg" title="Captive impor">impor Captive</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badge_engineering&usg=ALkJrhgVS2H_Edkw_6DbpQOqVdYdNHLFwA" title="Badge rekayasa">rekayasa lencana</a> menyapu AS dan Inggris seperti yang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consolidation_%28business%29&usg=ALkJrhhjZklLXXa3OaNQIcajulclNmQ6gw" title="Konsolidasi (bisnis)">digabung</a> kelompok seperti <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Motor_Corporation&usg=ALkJrhjn0eboYusgdRjFjdfEFoIzU73u0Q" title="British Motor Corporation">British Motor Corporation</a>
konsolidasi pasar. Revolusioner BMC hemat-ruang Mini, yang pertama
kali muncul pada tahun 1959, ditangkap penjualan besar di seluruh dunia.
Minis yang dipasarkan dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austin_Motor_Company&usg=ALkJrhjrcQ-wCHRW8BY_iGEtYTbHh7CuHg" title="Austin Motor Company">Austin</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Motors&usg=ALkJrhhjrncSyQq8CqtXIY44iyLt6cGuvg" title="Morris Motors">Morris</a> nama, sampai Mini menjadi <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marque&usg=ALkJrhioTt2piEj52dIbMGL9H1bPbLsSaw" title="Marque">marque</a> dalam dirinya sendiri pada tahun 1969. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-Sedgwick-35"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Sedgwick_35-0">[35]</sup></a> Kecenderungan untuk konsolidasi perusahaan mencapai Italia sebagai pembuat niche seperti <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maserati&usg=ALkJrhhLtUgavB-5QA1NW5uhlZy22rZbQw" title="Maserati">Maserati</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari&usg=ALkJrhj4n9W48Vn4abPFw5NZzA4dlV6OHA" title="Ferrari">Ferrari</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lancia&usg=ALkJrhikrwLGnlhDo50sARBOaUF7PJTLGQ" title="Lancia">Lancia</a> diakuisisi oleh perusahaan besar. Pada akhir dekade, jumlah marques mobil telah sangat berkurang. </div>
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Di Amerika, kinerja menjadi fokus utama pemasaran, dicontohkan oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pony_car&usg=ALkJrhi_ISjAU3IMJS_27bgDBzDJbr3_Nw" title="Pony car">mobil kuda</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_car&usg=ALkJrhh7uDj18tE3cfGB6RDDiTjvWRdXGw" title="Otot mobil">mobil otot</a> . Pada tahun 1964 yang populer <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Mustang&usg=ALkJrhiMkEKZq-WMIo8EPOFC8CjrgLVNcg" title="Ford Mustang">Ford Mustang</a> muncul. Pada tahun 1967, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet&usg=ALkJrhhs21dW3USgJ93V2kiAPaJfhpfSHQ" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a> merilis <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camaro&usg=ALkJrhg48ZWGmn_3lK0DuEf2mGqpra6BoA" title="Camaro">Camaro</a> untuk bersaing dengan Mustang. Tapi semuanya berubah pada tahun 1970 sebagai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_oil_crisis&usg=ALkJrhjaFCwkcIaX8As4Lww43xr2u4Wnfg" title="1.973 minyak Krisis">1973 minyak krisis</a> , <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_emissions_control&usg=ALkJrhgPOOd1t8Xi_hUH70sVOOEmpbHYIg" title="Automobile kontrol emisi">mobil kontrol emisi</a>
aturan, impor Jepang dan Eropa, dan inovasi stagnan mendatangkan
malapetaka pada industri Amerika. Meskipun agak ironis, full-size sedan
menggelar comeback besar di tahun-tahun antara krisis energi, dengan
membuat seperti <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac&usg=ALkJrhjc8AcA_lyBGTEWzWnHcYBBoSr_LA" title="Cadillac">Cadillac</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhj2ieWtak3feu9_mh1E4aijZI0WgA" title="Lincoln (mobil)">Lincoln</a> pementasan tahun terbaik yang pernah penjualan di akhir 70an. Kinerja mobil kecil dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW&usg=ALkJrhif6cakZLB6K9uIsC5vpjAH7cDusw" title="BMW">BMW</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota&usg=ALkJrhiLNxt5R9yt-a68CNbB6jq86UzbPg" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> , dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan&usg=ALkJrhieFRm1Szhql2lGGXwxrqdOu50yEg" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> mengambil tempat <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_displacement&usg=ALkJrhgPffUfoweITotoJa38fjIHldirPQ" title="Perpindahan mesin">besar bermesin</a> mobil dari Amerika dan Italia. </div>
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Selain ukuran yang lebih kecil dan grand tour mobil kelas, antara tren
dalam desain mobil di akhir abad 20 adalah penggunaan luas <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Station_wagon&usg=ALkJrhgkQbXX3AgJkuAk3TVUfpU5TF9wVA" title="Station wagon">station wagon (estate, istirahat, kombi, universal)</a> dan non-komersial nyaman <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhhDYTZ5fr7mHyRgW-nQO69wTgIjIQ" title="All-wheel drive">all-wheel drived</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-road_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhjmk5Jb6XNG_mA88NfG1UI14oJOlw" title="Off-road kendaraan">kendaraan off-road</a> . </div>
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Di depan teknologi, perkembangan terbesar dari era itu meluasnya penggunaan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_suspension&usg=ALkJrhj6z5If7y5zo-Vhw_5os6pQ1QCvFw" title="Suspensi independen">suspensi independen</a> , aplikasi yang lebih luas dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_injection&usg=ALkJrhjAOXHxaMYElZkEHft0imWZFfsttQ" title="Injeksi bahan bakar">injeksi bahan bakar</a> , dan meningkatnya fokus pada <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_safety&usg=ALkJrhhxeHeMVBLE-o28jWHi18RMYc4DTQ" title="Keselamatan mobil">keselamatan</a> dalam <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_design&usg=ALkJrhg0D2qBIX9sEEBbbqctU2WomYNHlg" title="Otomotif desain">desain</a> mobil. Teknologi terpanas tahun 1960-an adalah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSU_Motorenwerke_AG&usg=ALkJrhidv2vmpb9QPXnMM1r1fVOT9WRMzQ" title="NSU Motorenweke AG">NSU</a> 's " <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wankel_engine&usg=ALkJrhiIynMPkSjsy2xEKhxJjzVU62NjnQ" title="Wankel engine">Wankel engine</a> ", yang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_turbine&usg=ALkJrhiNdImcFjRJbEWCnSDBMySQySeAfg" title="Gas turbin">turbin gas</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turbocharger&usg=ALkJrhiGPW5YRXHc9IvxppDJsPI6ntnOhg" title="Turbocharger">turbocharger</a> . Dari jumlah tersebut, hanya yang terakhir, dipelopori oleh <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_Corporation&usg=ALkJrhj18wg7CQteBoL9O2StPNHRH3GyGw" title="General Motors Corporation">General Motors</a> tapi dipopulerkan oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW&usg=ALkJrhif6cakZLB6K9uIsC5vpjAH7cDusw" title="BMW">BMW</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saab_Automobile&usg=ALkJrhhQVkyGlTkUl_0yEYMcJPgL44F-mA" title="Saab Automobile">Saab</a> , adalah untuk melihat secara luas. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazda&usg=ALkJrhhAjsuIQFwW_uAtcHJt-96CyCsGoA" title="Mazda">Mazda</a> memiliki banyak keberhasilan dengan "nya <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazda_Wankel_engine&usg=ALkJrhiXFpD2LnQsIWuCI8lIsdHanZ38ZQ" title="Mazda Wankel engine">Rotary</a> "mesin yang, bagaimanapun, memperoleh reputasi sebagai pemabuk gas-polusi. Lainnya Wankel pemegang lisensi, termasuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz&usg=ALkJrhiQUQSVcWDhXFPimLBPMHsovlHVzA" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_Corporation&usg=ALkJrhj18wg7CQteBoL9O2StPNHRH3GyGw" title="General Motors Corporation">General Motors</a>
, tidak pernah menempatkan desain mereka ke dalam produksi setelah
krisis minyak tahun 1973. (Berbahan bakar hidrogen penerus Mazda
kemudian untuk menunjukkan potensi sebagai "ultimate eco-car". <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-rotary-36"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-rotary_36-0">[36]</sup></a> ) <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rover_%28car%29&usg=ALkJrhg75ufQ2ZITKX8Eb0ODhJl5fNGsWw" title="Rover (mobil)">Rover</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrysler_Corporation&usg=ALkJrhhJsmLV5xwleanyLMQSGOifGheulQ" title="Chrysler Corporation">Chrysler</a> kedua mobil yang diproduksi turbin gas eksperimental untuk efek tidak ada. </div>
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Kuba terkenal untuk mempertahankan pra-1959 yang mobil, yang dikenal sebagai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yank_tank&usg=ALkJrhhqO6jSf6MBHOnFup-sis2RsIW5kA" title="Yank tangki">tank yank</a> atau Maquinas, yang telah disimpan sejak <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_revolution&usg=ALkJrhg1S59i4PqdWabUqq2ACmtv0avJHw" title="Kuba Revolusi">revolusi Kuba</a> ketika masuknya mobil baru melambat karena embargo perdagangan AS. </div>
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Sampai akhir abad ke-20 dan kemudian, AS <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Three_%28automobile_manufacturers%29&usg=ALkJrhjvkGuGd7Y31X7ZLvkPjJb78e0ejA" title="Big Three (produsen mobil)">Big Three</a>
(GM, Ford, Chrysler) sebagian kehilangan posisi terdepan mereka, Jepang
menjadi untuk sementara pemimpin dunia produksi mobil dan mobil mulai
secara massal diproduksi di new Asia, Timur Eropa dan negara-negara
lainnya. </div>
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Terkemuka teladan pasca-perang mobil: </div>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gAn1wJUWmEk/UQW97UYsnyI/AAAAAAAAAHY/TnFhPfbgxKM/s1600/220px-Standard_Vanguard_1954.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gAn1wJUWmEk/UQW97UYsnyI/AAAAAAAAAHY/TnFhPfbgxKM/s1600/220px-Standard_Vanguard_1954.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-X3ucbMujgwQ/UQW98M6lAXI/AAAAAAAAAHg/S7tz_jYM4oM/s1600/GAZ-M-20_-Pobeda-_on_CMSh_in_Lahti%252C_Finland.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-X3ucbMujgwQ/UQW98M6lAXI/AAAAAAAAAHg/S7tz_jYM4oM/s320/GAZ-M-20_-Pobeda-_on_CMSh_in_Lahti%252C_Finland.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li> 1946-1958 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAZ-M20_Pobeda&usg=ALkJrhhmcVtEfoC3jl0AdCKjw7aCsCCngQ" title="GAZ-M20 Pobeda">GAZ-M20 Pobeda</a> - massal mobil Soviet dengan desain ponton penuh. </li>
<li> 1947-1958 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Vanguard&usg=ALkJrhiPB5YggHNhxGS4-3JMZcwQDj50Gg" title="Standar Vanguard">Standard Vanguard</a> - massal mobil Inggris dengan desain penuh ponton beberapa dan </li>
<li> 1948-1971 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Minor&usg=ALkJrhjcLhCU1wrVpIR-cx-61NL-bycSHA" title="Morris Minor">Morris Minor</a> - awal populer dan khas pasca-perang mobil diekspor seluruh dunia </li>
<li> 1953-1971 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_Bel_Air&usg=ALkJrhgi2ghsAiDDSkYWmGJEtjDfDv7plQ" title="Chevrolet Bel Air">Chevrolet Bel Air</a> dan 1953-2002 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadillac_Eldorado_Brougham&usg=ALkJrhi5rUQQXhovarUD5wVgsNkMyzhR0g" title="Cadillac Eldorado Brougham">Cadillac Eldorado Brougham</a> - dalam generasi pertama adalah perwakilan terang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_tailfin&usg=ALkJrhiJkDQLSs539IfvmhW5Jdocjxq1Ow" title="Mobil tailfin">zaman keemasan desain mobil tailfin Amerika</a> </li>
<li> 1955-1976 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citro%25C3%25ABn_DS&usg=ALkJrhj_r33GaCFcSWkViE8rLwT3fPWiGg" title="Citroën DS">Citroën DS</a>
- perwakilan cerah dan non-sering biasa (hydropneumatic) desain bogie и
(salah satu pikiran yang paling), karena apa yang menjadi bintang film,
mobil dianugerahi tempat ketiga di pasar internasional <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_of_the_Century&usg=ALkJrhjyQlWDbGSJptsbkGt4yelkA-4LEQ" title="Mobil Abad Ini">Car of the 20th Century</a> kompetisi . </li>
<li> 1959-2000 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini&usg=ALkJrhhz51I28_4uEjIJA6nf5ZloRNjZ9A" title="Mini">Mini</a>
- ini mobil kecil klasik berlangsung selama empat dekade, dan merupakan
salah satu mobil paling terkenal sepanjang masa, mobil dianugerahi
tempat kedua pada internasional <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_of_the_Century&usg=ALkJrhjyQlWDbGSJptsbkGt4yelkA-4LEQ" title="Mobil Abad Ini">Car of the 20th Century</a> kompetisi, mobil memiliki versi re-gaya baru pada abad ke-21. </li>
<li> 1961-1975 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaguar_E-type&usg=ALkJrhisqL1KLeuB2ori03a-ZW-QVNDx3Q" title="Jaguar E-type">Jaguar E-type</a> - E-type disimpan Jaguar di trek dan di showroom. </li>
<li> 1963-1989 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porsche_911&usg=ALkJrhj4U2Ny7FAcIG5DjsjPRyPggzKeig" title="Porsche 911">Porsche 911</a> - ingin mobil sport non-murah tapi massa, famoused <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space: nowrap;">[ <span title="Teks di sekitar tag ini memerlukan klarifikasi atau penghapusan jargon dari November 2011"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify&usg=ALkJrhiMRPOquJX82X05tJhpm7AyMV8SuQ" title="Wikipedia: Silakan mengklarifikasi"><i>klarifikasi diperlukan</i></a></span> ]</sup> perusahaannya, mobil dianugerahi tempat kelima pada internasional <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_of_the_Century&usg=ALkJrhjyQlWDbGSJptsbkGt4yelkA-4LEQ" title="Mobil Abad Ini">Car of the 20th Century</a> kompetisi, mobil memiliki penerus dengan desain serupa. </li>
<li> 1964-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Mustang&usg=ALkJrhiMkEKZq-WMIo8EPOFC8CjrgLVNcg" title="Ford Mustang">Ford Mustang</a> - yang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pony_car&usg=ALkJrhi_ISjAU3IMJS_27bgDBzDJbr3_Nw" title="Pony car">pony car</a> yang menjadi salah satu mobil terlaris dan paling-dikumpulkan pada zaman tersebut. </li>
<li> 1.966-akhir abad ke-20 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiat_124&usg=ALkJrhig5U0wDokxtV3EawVMvSLscU-CXQ" title="Fiat 124">Fiat 124</a> - sebuah mobil Italia yang lisensi diproduksi di banyak negara lain termasuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union&usg=ALkJrhh6B_8Zp24IzSgoCdi7nOWwlwlKoA" title="Uni Soviet">Uni Soviet</a> di mana sebagai <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAZ-2101&usg=ALkJrhgNrKQS3aIlfL3Wiu8sGZyMgJPAMQ" title="VAZ-2101">VAZ-2101</a> diluncurkan automobilisation massal. </li>
<li> 1.967 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSU_Ro_80&usg=ALkJrhiFDVFt51tAy-j-FdcyMSp3SQzeTA" title="NSU Ro 80">NSU Ro 80</a> - profil wedge dasar desain ini banyak ditiru dalam dekade berikutnya,. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-37"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-37">[37]</sup></a> seperti bahwa inovasi teknis lainnya - mesin rotor. </li>
<li> 1967-2002 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_Camaro&usg=ALkJrhiW2lH1EPJNOVbmJg4LyDTXgfnj0A" title="Chevrolet Camaro">Chevrolet Camaro</a> - The pony car yang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors&usg=ALkJrhhOW8bVRbAhLAA5T-ivj3w8H2esxA" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> diperkenalkan untuk bersaing dengan Ford mustang yang menampilkan relatif baru <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coke_bottle_styling&usg=ALkJrhizgCzO-YCsGmR1XS9uA71PGQpNAQ" title="Coke botol styling">styling Coke botol</a> . </li>
<li> 1.969 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datsun_240Z&usg=ALkJrhjf7nUKs06WOf6ec4WPA3GkhTqv6Q" title="Datsun 240Z">Datsun 240Z</a>
- salah satu mobil sport Jepang pertama yang menjadi smash hit dengan
publik Amerika Utara, itu membuka jalan bagi dekade mendatang kekuatan
Jepang di <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_industry&usg=ALkJrhgZXB5om5WjVbb2yZYnK7mpYGwt7g" title="Industri otomotif">industri otomotif</a> . Itu terjangkau <sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[ <span title="Klaim ini membutuhkan referensi ke sumber terpercaya dari Desember 2010"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed&usg=ALkJrhiZ_IIXUxmSc3OUT9mgnu7SrV8VTQ" title="Wikipedia: Kutipan diperlukan"><i>rujukan?</i></a></span> ]</sup> dan dibangun dengan baik, <sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[ <span title="Klaim ini membutuhkan referensi ke sumber terpercaya dari Desember 2010"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed&usg=ALkJrhiZ_IIXUxmSc3OUT9mgnu7SrV8VTQ" title="Wikipedia: Kutipan diperlukan"><i>rujukan?</i></a></span> ]</sup> dan telah sukses besar baik di trek dan di showroom. </li>
</ul>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Post-war_era"
> </span></h3>
Fix the errors listed on the Standards tab of this report. Markup errors like missing end tags mean screen readers may skip important content.
Two or more elements on this page share the same ID, which cause problems in screen readers which use IDs for labeling controls and table headings.
This also causes problems in JavaScript methods like getElementById and querySelector, which behave inconsistently when duplicate IDs are present.
Change the ID so it is unique for each element.
> </span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Modern_era">Zaman Modern</span> </h3>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Era modern biasanya didefinisikan sebagai 25 tahun sebelum tahun
berjalan. Namun, ada beberapa aspek teknis dan desain yang membedakan
mobil modern dari barang-barang antik. Tanpa mempertimbangkan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_the_car&usg=ALkJrhg2nXdB_mkyFOG6aKgIpVybfB4vdw" title="Masa Depan mobil">masa depan mobil</a> , era modern telah menjadi salah satu peningkatan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standardization&usg=ALkJrhg5JKFc9MaiXg-_koz6LJdLJU-9xA" title="Standardisasi">standardisasi</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_platform&usg=ALkJrhj2ZdIvDArzQQCBwiUsWegQUKYMLw" title="Automobile Platform">platform berbagi</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-aided_design&usg=ALkJrhiK-9X1zPT_EMDIHVvdbyodUJtfDg" title="Computer-aided design">komputer-aided design</a> . </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Beberapa kemajuan yang sangat terkenal di zaman modern adalah luas <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhiEcwVP8pHHF6sWkllytcp_EzfAdw" title="Front-wheel drive">front-wheel drive</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhhDYTZ5fr7mHyRgW-nQO69wTgIjIQ" title="All-wheel drive">all-wheel drive</a> , adopsi dari <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine&usg=ALkJrhj9buGRtfX9VNwYPvu-ieJSwhqSsg" title="Diesel engine">mesin diesel</a> , dan di mana-mana <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_injection&usg=ALkJrhjAOXHxaMYElZkEHft0imWZFfsttQ" title="Injeksi bahan bakar">injeksi bahan bakar</a> .
Sementara semua kemajuan ini pertama kali dicoba di era sebelumnya,
mereka begitu mendominasi pasar saat ini yang mudah untuk mengabaikan
signifikansi mereka. Hampir semua mobil penumpang modern front-wheel drive <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocoque&usg=ALkJrhgaP_ydS0c5x2EXxa1xF6gNle_DCg" title="Monocoque">monocoque</a> / <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibody&usg=ALkJrhieGalNP8HQBvZwoBxlRpk63ERs1A" title="Unibody">unibody</a> desain, dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transverse_engine&usg=ALkJrhjfFztJtJgypmcfrl2UK0UKgwAnWw" title="Transverse mesin">mesin melintang dipasang</a> , tetapi desain ini dianggap radikal hingga akhir tahun 1960-an. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_body_style&usg=ALkJrhg6iC4ekx-QACA-5KZ65cgfsaTCPQ" title="Mobil gaya tubuh">Gaya tubuh</a> telah berubah juga di era modern. Tiga jenis, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatchback&usg=ALkJrhjKX-Al1KKs8h-xiCPloInaH9u0zQ" title="Hatchback">hatchback</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedan_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhgywjg-vNewPMvkrFAe3kR1V4dr1g" title="Sedan (mobil)">sedan</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhjLPszH-4_WcrkIPsbrxqwI-jCGwQ" title="Sport utility vehicle">sport utility vehicle</a> , mendominasi pasar saat ini, <sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[ <span title="Klaim ini membutuhkan referensi ke sumber terpercaya dari Juli 2009"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed&usg=ALkJrhiZ_IIXUxmSc3OUT9mgnu7SrV8VTQ" title="Wikipedia: Kutipan diperlukan"><i>rujukan?</i></a></span> ]</sup> namun yang relatif baru <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept&usg=ALkJrhgjh44rcNxK3qeSlpctU9y75_scOw" title="Konsep">konsep</a> . Semua awalnya menekankan kepraktisan, namun telah bermutasi menjadi bertenaga tinggi mewah saat ini <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossover_SUV&usg=ALkJrhgRaO9TwvSRExMGnLnJ1VfXn_axjQ" title="Crossover SUV">crossover SUV</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Station_wagon&usg=ALkJrhgkQbXX3AgJkuAk3TVUfpU5TF9wVA" title="Station wagon">olahraga wagon</a> , dua volume <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_MPV&usg=ALkJrhjeUX6dVNedQ51rTxjKXPsrGeeSzQ" title="Large MPV">MPV besar</a> . Maraknya <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickup_truck&usg=ALkJrhg4f_rWeoHLfiL1OpSm5a6U6-4xeQ" title="Pickup truk">truk pickup</a>
di Amerika Serikat, dan SUV di seluruh dunia telah mengubah wajah
otomotif, dengan "truk" datang untuk memerintahkan lebih dari setengah
pasar mobil dunia <sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;">[ <span title="Klaim ini membutuhkan referensi ke sumber terpercaya dari Oktober 2011"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed&usg=ALkJrhiZ_IIXUxmSc3OUT9mgnu7SrV8VTQ" title="Wikipedia: Kutipan diperlukan"><i>rujukan?</i></a></span> ].</sup> Ada juga penampilan baru satu-volume <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_MPV&usg=ALkJrhjeUX6dVNedQ51rTxjKXPsrGeeSzQ" title="Large MPV">kelas MPV</a> (kecil non-komersial penumpang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivan&usg=ALkJrhjNSjlzHowTAjz4ETL0wuenUG0C3Q" title="Minivan">minivan</a> ), di antara yang pertama adalah Perancis <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renault_Espace&usg=ALkJrhjNPWbM_PVj2LmDxa1SStZOBPJ7GA" title="Renault Espace">Renault Espace</a> dan US <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiac_Trans_Sport&usg=ALkJrhj145BuDr36o5PDVTnAP1kyrJKkTQ" title="Pontiac Trans Sport">Pontiac Trans Sport</a> . </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Era modern juga terlihat meningkat pesat <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_economy_in_automobiles&usg=ALkJrhgjrIOJnR66Pv5e4J7gMl5K_7iD6A" title="Ekonomi bahan bakar di mobil">efisiensi bahan bakar</a> dan output mesin. Setelah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_emissions_control&usg=ALkJrhgPOOd1t8Xi_hUH70sVOOEmpbHYIg" title="Automobile kontrol emisi">emisi mobil</a> keprihatinan dari tahun 1970-an ditaklukkan dengan komputerisasi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_control_unit&usg=ALkJrhhq4KjenH2D6eaUwadsz6mNrSwofg" title="Unit kontrol mesin">sistem manajemen mesin</a> , listrik mulai meningkat pesat. Pada 1980-an, yang kuat <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_car&usg=ALkJrhi2p0BlTU4VeXRWxnEkE9HmSHtv6Q" title="Mobil sport">mobil sport</a> mungkin telah menghasilkan 200 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horsepower&usg=ALkJrhggR983R0zhqNEaQFiDhBsgbnSA2Q#Society_of_Automotive_Engineers" title="Daya kuda">tenaga kuda</a> (150 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilowatt&usg=ALkJrhjHx-tv88a62AxZgKzVCApIoF7GEA" title="Kilowat">kW</a>
) - hanya 20 tahun kemudian, mobil penumpang rata-rata memiliki mesin
yang kuat, dan beberapa model kinerja menawarkan tiga kali lebih banyak
daya. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Sejak 2009 China menjadi mutlak mobil dunia baru pemimpin produsen dengan produksi lebih dari US, Jepang atau semua Eropa.
Selain pertumbuhan besar produksi mobil di negara-negara Asia dan
lainnya, persimpangan (dan istirahat) dari producents menjadi
transnasional <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_group&usg=ALkJrhhp0-veH_rQ-twvr99cgBz_BBTjkQ" title="Perusahaan Kelompok">kelompok perusahaan</a> transnasional dan "platform" dari mobil becamed sebagai praktek yang luas. </div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Sejak akhir abad ke-20, kompetisi penghargaan beberapa mobil dan truk telah dikenal secara luas, seperti <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Car_of_the_Year&usg=ALkJrhgNOLtVt50ObmLYCgNgFKkMwnngSw" title="Eropa Car of the Year">Mobil Eropa of the Year</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_of_the_Year_Japan&usg=ALkJrhhsOqvGd8nN6vaosG-Yd4f9B-wgmQ" title="Car of the Year Japan">Car of the Year Japan</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Car_of_the_Year&usg=ALkJrhhOGQsCVM1c-gEzTreYE1c_UlTQKw" title="Amerika Utara Car of the Year">Amerika Utara Car of the Year</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Car_of_the_Year&usg=ALkJrhjnHYMDE9JldXfORzxuXMpTRwrwyQ" title="Dunia Car of the Year">World Car of the Year</a> , <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truck_of_the_Year&usg=ALkJrhhNLBmfsJAFcVxJAORw-EK73FHWNg" title="Truck of the Year">Truck of the Year</a> , dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Car_of_the_Year&usg=ALkJrhgvkBzrGXv4j7RBXK1NKh6prD858w" title="Mobil Internasional of the Year">International Car of the Year</a> , sehingga kendaraan dari kelas yang berbeda, produsen, dan negara-negara menang secara bergantian. Juga, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_of_the_Century&usg=ALkJrhjyQlWDbGSJptsbkGt4yelkA-4LEQ" title="Mobil Abad Ini">Car of the Century</a> penghargaan diadakan, di mana di AS <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Model_T&usg=ALkJrhggU_TW03AlyFCoQW6plAFuWzgSYQ" title="Ford Model T">Ford Model T</a> dinobatkan sebagai mobil paling berpengaruh dari abad ke-20. </div>
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Teladan yang modern mobil: </div>
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<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qu1AwKHc7vg/UQW_EgRKq5I/AAAAAAAAAHw/PvjwgRRc2TA/s1600/lamborghini+gallardo+2.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qu1AwKHc7vg/UQW_EgRKq5I/AAAAAAAAAHw/PvjwgRRc2TA/s320/lamborghini+gallardo+2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li> 1966-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Corolla&usg=ALkJrhgrKnrj42CsrfcpQNPzHcF-lLJB2g" title="Toyota Corolla">Toyota Corolla</a> - sederhana kecil Jepang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedan_%28automobile%29&usg=ALkJrhgywjg-vNewPMvkrFAe3kR1V4dr1g" title="Sedan (mobil)">sedan saloon /</a> yang telah datang untuk menjadi mobil terlaris sepanjang masa. </li>
<li> 1970-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_Rover&usg=ALkJrhik1qIWBCqSzrOHcS7458Gnf751Ng" title="Range Rover">Range Rover</a> - take pertama pada kombinasi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxury_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhg7xpq6O4pgNajudQkOtOtrgZMUwg" title="Luxury kendaraan">kemewahan</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhgIGkPXzcUNlpDvyWA3ltzvrG_7yg" title="Empat-wheel drive">empat-wheel drive</a> utilitas, asli ' <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhjLPszH-4_WcrkIPsbrxqwI-jCGwQ" title="Sport utility vehicle">SUV</a> '. Begitulah popularitas asli <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_Rover_Classic&usg=ALkJrhgjV_uKvvyMCG9uQdPzYobaaflAkw" title="Range Rover Klasik">Range Rover Klasik</a> bahwa model baru tidak dibawa keluar sampai tahun 1994. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_automobile&usg=ALkJrhhonLhyHQv0S-oRot7zYkljtedziQ#cite_note-38"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-38">[38]</sup></a> </li>
<li> 1973-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_S-Class&usg=ALkJrhhAWre-bE9unR94CRqg63qtVMztpA" title="Mercedes-Benz S-Class">Mercedes-Benz S-Class</a> - elektronik <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-lock_braking_system&usg=ALkJrhgMPpShRXkKgvSPBuMOvNUGza3CFg" title="Anti-lock sistem pengereman">Anti-lock Braking System</a> , menahan diri tambahan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airbag&usg=ALkJrhhXLTlo6Q7pS138vGfL7I-K0GmVvg" title="Airbag">airbag</a> , <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seat_belt&usg=ALkJrhihIIgk_4AXwKNtDWWhniVfpvUJdg" title="Sabuk pengaman">sabuk pengaman</a> pretensioners, dan elektronik <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traction_control_system&usg=ALkJrhgHxYB5KZdxeMubkAslvy5kBMeO6Q" title="Traksi kontrol sistem">sistem kontrol traksi</a> semua membuat debut mereka pada S-Class. Fitur-fitur ini nantinya akan menjadi standar di seluruh industri mobil. </li>
<li> 1975-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_3_Series&usg=ALkJrhiVQhHhp1L_LlXI9ayntl4oVcL8ZQ" title="BMW Seri 3">BMW 3 Series</a> - Seri 3 telah di Mobil dan Driver tahunan majalah Sepuluh daftar Terbaik 17 kali, sehingga entri terpanjang dalam daftar. </li>
<li> 1977-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honda_Accord&usg=ALkJrhgt0GyOfbyG63VgCT9ZTyeHAMWE4w" title="Honda Accord">Honda Accord</a>
sedan / sedan - sedan Jepang menjadi mobil paling populer di Amerika
Serikat pada 1990-an, mendorong Ford Taurus samping, dan setting
panggung untuk sedan kelas atas saat ini Asia. </li>
<li> 1981-1989 <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodge_Aries&usg=ALkJrhgFc4p2iKoMZdJCWbsK-YoG69f_Ug" title="Dodge Aries">Dodge Aries</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plymouth_Reliant&usg=ALkJrhjjoda8_HWxsJj0AR2OqK8-DJMRiQ" title="Reliant Plymouth">Plymouth Reliant</a> - "K-mobil" yang menyelamatkan Chrysler sebagai produsen utama. Model ini adalah beberapa sukses Amerika pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front-wheel_drive&usg=ALkJrhiEcwVP8pHHF6sWkllytcp_EzfAdw" title="Front-wheel drive">front-wheel drive</a> , hemat bahan bakar <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_car&usg=ALkJrhjbFCQPHgmqJ6T4fJ8MiDd5ndOIUQ" title="Mobil penumpang yg kecil">mobil kompak</a> . </li>
<li> 1983-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodge_Caravan&usg=ALkJrhjP_posZwzgv0vfvyCp4hTJklNvEw" title="Dodge Caravan">Chrysler minivan</a> - dua-box <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minivan&usg=ALkJrhjNSjlzHowTAjz4ETL0wuenUG0C3Q" title="Minivan">minivan</a> desain hampir mendorong <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Station_wagon&usg=ALkJrhgkQbXX3AgJkuAk3TVUfpU5TF9wVA" title="Station wagon">station wagon</a> keluar dari pasar, dan hari ini presaged <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossover_SUV&usg=ALkJrhgRaO9TwvSRExMGnLnJ1VfXn_axjQ" title="Crossover SUV">SUV crossover</a> . </li>
<li> 1984-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renault_Espace&usg=ALkJrhjNPWbM_PVj2LmDxa1SStZOBPJ7GA" title="Renault Espace">Renault Espace</a> - massal mobil satu-jilid pertama non-komersial kelas MPV. </li>
<li> 1986-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Taurus&usg=ALkJrhgU7ozPVKDGIBdMm2BrAxaOHQEH9A" title="Ford Taurus">Ford Taurus</a> - ini <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid-size_car&usg=ALkJrhhhgr2FOX4vf37Fge9J5g5L2Ak1TA" title="Mid-size car">menengah</a>
front-wheel drive sedan dengan modern desain dengan bantuan komputer
mendominasi pasar Amerika pada akhir 1980-an, dan menciptakan sebuah
revolusi desain di Amerika Utara. </li>
<li> 1989-1999 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiac_Trans_Sport&usg=ALkJrhj145BuDr36o5PDVTnAP1kyrJKkTQ" title="Pontiac Trans Sport">Pontiac Trans Sport</a> - adalah salah satu yang pertama dari satu mobil box. </li>
<li> 1997-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Prius&usg=ALkJrhiJfRoNB7H0PuEBmmPMCdhCkGwXkw" title="Toyota Prius">Toyota Prius</a>
- diluncurkan di pasar Jepang, pada bulan September 2010 mencapai
penjualan kumulatif seluruh dunia dari 2,0 juta unit, menjadi yang
paling dikenal <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle&usg=ALkJrhjVhYW5YDUVwP0hWinuxu9vstLgBw" title="Hibrida listrik kendaraan">kendaraan listrik hibrida</a> di dunia. </li>
<li> 1998-sekarang <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Focus_%28international%29&usg=ALkJrhgRTZV41kcSKw6POAVZ6p0fASkGtQ" title="Ford Focus (internasional)">Ford Focus</a> - salah satu yang paling populer <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatchback&usg=ALkJrhjKX-Al1KKs8h-xiCPloInaH9u0zQ" title="Hatchback">hatchback</a> di seluruh dunia, yang juga merupakan salah satu dari <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford&usg=ALkJrhg8s6kfFhyfeRA45nEFQ0zg_MMXhg" title="Mengarungi">Ford</a> menjual terbaik <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_car&usg=ALkJrhhRf9XqLr53Q9_kxyohUnF0xYNgSw" title="Dunia mobil">mobil dunia</a> . </li>
<li> 2008-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Nano&usg=ALkJrhgtfU2LQqhiqjjrPsrcEvK_heLQWA" title="Tata Nano">Tata Nano</a> - Nano Tata adalah murah ( <img alt="INR" height="10" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Indian_Rupee_symbol.svg/7px-Indian_Rupee_symbol.svg.png" style="vertical-align: baseline;" width="7" /> 100.000 ~ $ 2200), rear-bermesin, empat penumpang mobil kota yang dibangun oleh perusahaan India <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Motors&usg=ALkJrhh9cnNwFc5rInBuBNHpK_yNmBciTQ" title="Tata Motors">Tata Motors</a> dan ditujukan terutama di pasar domestik India. </li>
<li> 2008-sekarang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_Roadster&usg=ALkJrhh8mpSE1feOHo1tSpk1ac7pWdfN_Q" title="Tesla Roadster">Roadster Tesla</a> - The Roadster Tesla adalah jalan raya-yang mampu pertama semua-listrik kendaraan di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_production&usg=ALkJrhjMX3YYKgwyWrAcm8VeiWRAoqdRPw" title="Serial produksi">produksi serial</a> untuk dijual di Amerika Serikat pada era modern. </li>
<li> 2010-sekarang, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan_Leaf&usg=ALkJrhhbj7MExA5f6_5HSPqlKuQxupG4gg" title="Nissan Leaf">Nissan Leaf</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_Volt&usg=ALkJrhgpnGjt8Jqk1eGQLUgCkUsvfTrDlg" title="Chevrolet Volt">Chevrolet Volt</a> - sebuah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-electric_car&usg=ALkJrhgMwpM5krlhqvKrlDXl4uk-KbsdXA" title="All-mobil listrik">mobil semua-listrik</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug-in_hybrid&usg=ALkJrhjOdqLLlqhNyr7rvU-V3zmnmetgPQ" title="Plug-in hybrid">plug-in hybrid</a> dengan demikian, telah diluncurkan di AS dan pasar Jepang pada bulan Desember 2010, menjadi yang pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_production&usg=ALkJrhiek1RiJ2Aw-fwlklhCv_KHqo6uHg" title="Massa-produksi">produksi massal</a> kendaraan jenis mereka. </li>
</ul>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b>Masa Depan.</b></div>
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Artikel utama: <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&ei=XbAFUa7bNIOyrAeA9YGIDQ&hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&rurl=translate.google.com&twu=1&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_car_technologies&usg=ALkJrhi3Zy47uIWuZxjfBhchgcT6AQMyGg" title="Masa Depan mobil teknologi">teknologi mobil Masa Depan</a><br />
<b>Mobil selam</b><br />
<b>JENEWA</b><br />
<br />
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GYN-f35vLtY/UQhc0TAo2gI/AAAAAAAAAIA/f-LZjmLtH10/s1600/squba-auto-submarino.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="234" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GYN-f35vLtY/UQhc0TAo2gI/AAAAAAAAAIA/f-LZjmLtH10/s320/squba-auto-submarino.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
mobil masa depan sudah mulai hadir di tahun 2012.Jenewa bisa menyelam sampai kedalaman 10 meter.<br />
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<img alt="mobil1.jpg" src="http://egi88.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/mobil1.jpg" style="height: 212px; width: 310px;" /></div>
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JENEWA
- Mobil ini membangkitkan kenangan pada film James Bond, The Spy Who
Loved Me. Dalam film yang keluar 31 tahun lalu itu, Bond yang diperani
Roger Moore mengendarai mobil yang bisa menyelam di air. Fiksi itu kini
berhasil diwujudkan. Setidaknya begitulah kata Rinspeed, perusahaan
otomotif Swiss.</div>
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“Ini mobil selam pertama,”
kata Frank Rinderknecht, CEO Rinspeed, seperti diberitakan The Star
Banner kemarin (14/2). Konsep mobil revolusioner bernama sQuba itu sudah
dicoba dan bakal dipajang di Geneva Motor Show, Swiss, Maret mendatang.</div>
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Mobil
dua tempat duduk dengan kabin terbuka itu bisa melaju di daratan,
berenang, serta menyelam sampai kedalaman 10 meter. Saat di dalam air,
pengendaranya bisa bernapas dari tabung udara, mirip yang dipakai
penyelam.</div>
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Rinspeed memodifikasi sedan sport
dengan mengganti beberapa mesinnya dengan motor elektrik. Agar bisa kuat
melaju di dalam air, mesin mobil itu ada tiga, ditaruh di bagian
belakang. Yang satu digunakan ketika kendaraan melaju di daratan, dua
lagi untuk mendorong ketika sQuba di air.</div>
<img align="left" alt="mobil2.jpg" src="http://egi88.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/mobil2.jpg" style="height: 158px; width: 236px;" /><br />
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Kelebihan
lain, mobil sQuba itu diklaim pro-lingkungan, karena emisi karbonnya
nol. Kabinnya juga tahan terhadap air bergaram yang korosif.</div>
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Rinderknecht
sendiri merupakan penggemar James Bon fanatik. Adegan James Bond
menyelam dengan mobil Lotus Esprit dalam film pada 1977 itu begitu
membuatnya terobsesi. Mobil selam ala Bond tersebut memang hanya trik
film. Ketika obsesinya terwujud, Rinderknecht merasa bangga sekali.</div>
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“Selama
tiga dasawarsa saya membayangkan apakah mungkin membangun mobil yang
bisa berjalan di bawah air. Kami sekarang menjadikan itu kenyataan,”
kata entrepreneur berusia 52 tahun itu.</div>
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Dia
mengakui memang sangat sulit mewujudkan mobil selam itu. Sebab, mobil
itu harus benar-benar kedap air. Selain itu harus bisa mengatasi tekanan
air yang besar, yang membuat mobil sulit bergerak bebas. “Tantangan
sesungguhnya adalah bagaimana membuat mobil di bawah air bisa lincah
seperti ikan,” katanya dikutip Press Association.</div>
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Meski
mobil selam itu diyakini aman, keselamatan dalam keadaan darurat tetap
dihitung. Karena itu, sQuba dibuat dengan kabin terbuka agar pengendara
bisa dengan mudah keluar dalam keadaan darurat. “Dengan kabin tertutup,
membuka pintu mobil (di dalam air) tidak memungkinkan,” kata
Rinderknecht.</div>
<img align="right" alt="mobil3.jpg" src="http://egi88.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/mobil3.jpg" style="height: 169px; width: 265px;" /><br />
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Mobil
selam ala Bond memang sudah jadi kenyataan. Bedanya dengan mobil selam
Bond, sQuba tidak bisa menyelam sangat dalam; juga tak dilengkapi
torpedo dan rudal dari permukaan ke udara, serta tidak dikendarai si
cantik yang menjadi spion Rusia, Barbara Bach.</div>
Meski mobil selam
sudah jadi kenyataan, mimpi berikutnya tetap menantang. Yakni, bagaimana
mobil bisa melaju di darat, di permukaan dan dalam air, serta terbang
ke udara.</div>
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<b><br /></b>
<b>MObil TERBANG </b></div>
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</div>
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<b>Terrafugia</b></div>
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Jalanan yang makin padat dan macet membuat mobil yang bisa terbang jadi
impian banyak orang. Namun, di masa depan, mobil terbang bukanlah
khayalan dan akan segera jadi kenyataan.<br />
Sebab, banyak pihak yang
saat ini fokus untuk mengembangkan mobil yang mampu terbang ke angkasa,
salah satunya adalah Moller International.<br />
Perusahaan ini
mencoba mengembangkan mobil terbang yang mereka berinama Skycar. Mobil
ini dikatakan mampu mencapai kecepatan hingga 483 km/jam pada ketinggian
36.000 kaki.<br />
Menurut Moller, Skycar adalah mobil yang bisa
terbang, tapi bukan pesawat dan mereka pun tidak mau mobil empat
penumpangnya ini bersaing dengan perusahaan pesawat.<br />
Meski
begitu, Moller juga tidak mau kalau Skycar hanya dinikmati oleh kalangan
elit semata dan berharap banyak orang bisa memiliki dan menikmatinya.<br />
Untuk
segera mewujudkan mobil yang dianggap banyak orang hanya ada di fiksi
ilmiah itulah, pendiri Moller International Dr Paul Moller menggandeng
perusahaan asal California Selatan, Athena Technologies, Inc. of Harbor
City California untuk membiayai penelitian mobil ini.<br />
Investasi
awal yang dikucurkan sekitar US$ 80 juta. Namun diproyeksi kucuran akan
makin banyak dan mencapai angka US$ 480 juta agar Moller dapat
menciptakan mobil hybrid yang bisa terbang. Skucar sendiri diharapkan
akan segera bisa diuji di akhir tahun ini.<br />
"Perjanjian formal
diharapkan akan disetujui oleh kedua belah pihak dalam beberapa minggu,"
kata Dr Moller seperti detikOto kutip dari Daily Mail.<br />
Sebelum
Moller International, sebenarnya ada perusahaan lain yang fokus
mengembangkan mobil terbang yakni Terrafugia Inc. Bahkan <a href="http://oto.detik.com/read/2012/09/13/080257/2016715/1207/-produsen-mobil-besar-saatnya-bikin-mobil-terbang-"><span style="color: blue;">Terrafugia telah berhasil melakukan pengetesan pertama mobil terbang mereka, Transition dan sedang menuju produksi massal</span></a>.<br />
Mobil
terbang Terrafugia Transition memiliki kapasitas 2 penumpang dan
dirancang untuk terbang diantara airport lokal dan juga untuk melaju di
jalanan umum serta berharap mobil ini dapat menjadi mobil komersial
pertama yang bisa terbang.<br />
Untuk mengubahnya dari mobil menjadi
pesawat ringan, hanya membutuhkan waktu sekitar 30 detik saja. Tenaga
pendorongnya berasal dari mesin bensin biasa yang bisa diisi dari SPBU.
Sementara baling-balingnya ditempatkan di bagian belakang. Mobil pun
cukup kecil sehingga bisa masuk ke garasi rumah.<br />
Kecepatan mobil terbang ini paling tinggi mencapai 185 km/jam dengan konsumsi BBM 18,9 km per liter.<br />
Terrafugia
sudah mengembangkan mobil ini sejak 2006 lalu. Namun hari peluncurannya
selalu mundur karena berbagai masalah. Namun bulan Juni tahun lalu,
Terrafugia mendapatkan izin dari National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration agar mobilnya bisa terbang di udara dan jalanan Amerika.<br />
Terrafugia
sudah melakukan tes terbang perdana pada Maret 2009, dan menyebutnya
sebagai batu loncatan di industri penerbangan. Terrafugia sendiri
berasal dari bahasa latin yang artinya 'kabur dari daratan'.</div>
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Melepas Memasang Dan Menyetel Roda 02. Pelaksanaan Pemeliharaan Servis Komponen 03. Pembongkaran Perbaikan Dan...</div></div></div><script type="text/javascript"></script><div style=""></div></div></div><div class="postbot"><div class="fullpost"></div></div></div></div><div class="post-outer"><div class="post hentry"><div class="johanesdj"><a name="6654729402778962960"></a><h2><a title="Permanent Link to Bagian-bagian mobil " href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/bagian-bagian-mobil.html" rel="bookmark">Bagian-bagian mobil </a></h2><div class="leftmeta">Posted by SMK Izzata</div><div class="bigcom"><a onclick="" title="Comment on Bagian-bagian mobil " class="comment-link" href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/bagian-bagian-mobil.html#comment-form">0 Comments</a> </div><div class="categ">Tag : <a title="View all posts in Bagian-bagian mobil" href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Bagian-bagian%20mobil?&max-results=3" rel="tag">Bagian-bagian mobil</a> </div></div><div class="postright"><div class="arrow"></div><div class="cover"><div class="jomore"><div class="jomorelink"><a class="anes" href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/bagian-bagian-mobil.html">+</a></div></div><div class="bgjo"><div id="summary6654729402778962960"><div class="crop"><img src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eBKlf-O84LY/USQCyjW_DzI/AAAAAAAAAKo/INzXeVnSPS8/s1600/mnl.jpg" width="100"></div><div class="posting">Bagian-bagian mobil Assalamualaikum wr.wb para Neters? nah kali ini saya akan membahas tentang bagian-bagian mobil agar lebih mudah membagikan klompok komponen mobil, yang nantinya akan saya bahas di...</div></div></div><script type="text/javascript"></script><div style=""></div></div></div><div class="postbot"><div class="fullpost"></div></div></div></div><div class="post-outer"><div class="post hentry"><div class="johanesdj"><a name="3961397564276473333"></a><h2><a title="Permanent Link to Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif " href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/sejarah-perkembangan-otomotif.html" rel="bookmark">Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif </a></h2><div class="leftmeta">Posted by SMK Izzata</div><div class="bigcom"><a onclick="" title="Comment on Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif " class="comment-link" href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/sejarah-perkembangan-otomotif.html#comment-form">0 Comments</a> </div><div class="categ">Tag : <a title="View all posts in Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif" href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Sejarah%20Perkembangan%20Otomotif?&max-results=3" rel="tag">Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif</a> </div></div><div class="postright"><div class="arrow"></div><div class="cover"><div class="jomore"><div class="jomorelink"><a class="anes" href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/sejarah-perkembangan-otomotif.html">+</a></div></div><div class="bgjo"><div id="summary3961397564276473333"><div class="crop"><img src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bhJAHvWwRGU/UQW0o1rTQ2I/AAAAAAAAAFg/HdYZB-XyNaA/s320/CugnotSteamTrolly.png" width="100"></div><div class="posting">Sejarah Perkembangan Otomotif Sejarah dari mobil dimulai pada awal 1769, yang sumber tenaganya bermesin uap, mobil mampu digunakan sebagai transportasi manusia. Pada tahun 1806, mobil pertama...</div></div></div><script type="text/javascript"></script><div style=""></div></div></div><div class="postbot"><div class="fullpost"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="clear"></div><div id="blog-pager" class="blog-pager"><span id="blog-pager-older-link"><a id="Blog1_blog-pager-older-link" title="Posting Lama" class="blog-pager-older-link" href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search?updated-max=2014-08-11T02:27:00-07:00&max-results=7">PREV</a> </span><a class="home-link" href="http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/">HOME</a> </div><div class="clear"></div></div>
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<div class='selamatdatang'>Welcome to My Blog</div>
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<ul id='tbisose'>
<li><a class='icon facebook' href='https://www.facebook.com/andri.yunatra.5'
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Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
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- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
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Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
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<li><a class='icon googleplus' href='https://plus.google.com/u/0/alamat profil google+/'
></a></li>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
></a></li>
<li><a class='icon rss' href='http://feeds.feedburner.com/YOUR_USERNAME'
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Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
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All ONCLICK handlers should have an equivalent ONKEYPRESS handler.
Some users are unable to use a mouse, so use the keyboard instead. Add an equivalent keyboard event handler to help these users.
This form control has no associated LABEL element.
Add a LABEL tag with the FOR attribute set to the ID of this control, or enclose the control in a LABEL tag. This allows screen readers to tell the user what each control does.
This form has fields without LABEL elements or TITLE attributes.
Line 3143 Section 508 1194.22 (n)
Screen readers use LABEL elements or TITLE attributes to describe form fields to non-sighted users.
Without these, forms are very hard to use with a screen reader.
Forms designed to be completed online shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues.
Make sure one radio button in a radio button group is always selected. If users can choose not to activate any of the radio button choices, provide a choice labeled 'None'.
Line 3143 Usability.gov 13:23
Use LABEL tags for each data entry field to show what data is expected.
Line 3143 Usability.gov 13:5
Make sure each INPUT field has an associated LABEL tag describing the field.
JavaScript added element:
<_font xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"></_font>
JavaScript added element:
<form method="post" name="select_posts" action="" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><div style=""><div style="">Apakah anda berminat sekolah di SMK Izzata Depok?</div><div id="answer"></div><span id="ratingtext"></span><span id="pollres" style="">Ya, ingin sekali<br><div class="pollBarBorder"><div class="pollBar" style=""></div></div>1v<br>Tidak berminat<br><div class="pollBarBorder"><div class="pollBar" style=""></div></div>0v<br><span onclick="back()" id="return" style=""></span></span><span id="pollid"><div><input onclick="javascript:rateImg('24147','101427');" type="radio" name="ans">Ya, ingin sekali</div><div><input onclick="javascript:rateImg('24147','101428');" type="radio" name="ans">Tidak berminat</div><span onclick="results()" style="">View Results</span></span><div><a title="Powered by MyPagerank.Net" style="" href="http://www.mypagerank.net/" target="_blank">MyPagerank.Net</a></div></div></form>
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<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML16&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML16"));' target='configHTML16' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
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</a>
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<h2 class='title'>Loker SMK Izzata</h2>
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The BLINK element can trigger epileptic seizures and cause problems for people with attention deficit disorders.
Replace the BLINK element with a static element like a SPAN.
The BLINK tag is a Netscape extension, no longer supported by any browsers.
JavaScript added element:
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javascript:startTyping(text, 50, "textDestination");
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<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML12&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML12"));' target='configHTML12' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
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<div class='widget-content'>
<a href="http://www.mypagerank.net"><img src="http://www.mypagerank.net/services/seostats/seostats.php?s=da4b155fb5f5758003cffc975e2206125e514437aa79ba&bg=FFFFFF&textcolor=000000&bordercolor=999999&indicatorcolor=5EAA5E&ugo=1&uho=1&umo=1&amo=1&upr=1&tuv=1&tpv=1&yuv=1&ypv=1&ttuv=1&ttpv=1&uonline=1&f=744145" alt="SEO Stats powered by MyPagerank.Net" border="0" /
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A tracking graphic (web beacon) has been detected on this page but no obvious privacy policy was found. Companies in the EU using tracking graphics must comply with the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 by providing a privacy or cookie policy.
Line 3205 EU Privacy Regulations
The EC Privacy Regulations carry a maximum fine of £5,000 / €7,000 for failure to comply.
To comply, place a link on every page labeled "Privacy Policy" referring to a page describing how your site uses tracking graphics, and how to disable them.
Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
Line 3205 Usability.gov 14:3
This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
Add width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions. Authoring tools
like Dreamweaver can automate this process.
></a>
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<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML14&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML14"));' target='configHTML14' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
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Properties prefixed by a dash or underscore are vendor specific and only work on one browser engine.
auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width:
Properties prefixed by a dash or underscore are vendor specific and only work on one browser engine.
0px; color: #333333; display: block; font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-siz
Absolute units are CM, MM, IN, PC and PT. When used with fonts PX is also considered an absolute unit,
because it isn't relative the user's preferred font size.
Low-vision users often use the "large fonts" mode of Windows, which makes each pixel larger than usual.
This usually causes problems with pixel based layouts, which also perform badly on handheld
and widescreen displays. Percentage values "stretch" according to screen size and work on a large
range of display sizes.
e: 13px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 18px; margin: 0px 40px 0px 0px; min-height: 30px; orphan
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#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li:after,
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li:after,
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li:after,
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li:after,
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li:after,
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li + li:after,
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li + li + li:after,
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CSS property border-radius is not supported by IE8 or earlier.
Line 3232 Internet Explorer ≤ 8.0
No rounded corners will be displayed on old versions of Internet Explorer.
50%;border:2px solid #ccc;background:#353535;-webkit-box-shadow:
Properties prefixed by a dash or underscore are vendor specific and only work on one browser engine.
0px 0px 5px #000;-moz-box-shadow:
Properties prefixed by a dash or underscore are vendor specific and only work on one browser engine.
0px 0px
The -moz-box-shadow CSS property is no longer supported in Firefox 13.
Line 3232 Firefox ≥ 12.0
Use the CSS3 box-shadow property instead.
5px #000;width:30px;height:30px;line-height:1em;text-align:center;font-size:
Absolute units are CM, MM, IN, PC and PT. When used with fonts PX is also considered an absolute unit,
because it isn't relative the user's preferred font size.
Low-vision users often use the "large fonts" mode of Windows, which makes each pixel larger than usual.
This usually causes problems with pixel based layouts, which also perform badly on handheld
and widescreen displays. Percentage values "stretch" according to screen size and work on a large
range of display sizes.
28px;color:#fff}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li + li {background:#DF01D7;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li + li:after{content:
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The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3234 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"8"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li + li +li{background:#B041FF;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li + li + li:after{content:
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The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3236 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"9"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li + li +li +li{background:#F52887;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li + li + li + li:after{content:
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The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3238 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"10"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li +li{background:#7ee3c7;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li:after{content:
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The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3240 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"6"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li +li{background:#f6993d;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li + li + li:after{content:
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The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3242 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"7"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li{background:#33c9f7;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li + li:after{content:
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The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3244 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"5"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li{background:#c7f25f;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li + li:after{content:
"4"}
The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3246 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"4"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li{background:#ffde4c;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li + li:after{content:
"3"}
The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3248 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"3"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li{background:#ff764c; width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child + li:after{content:
"2"}
The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3250 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"2"}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child{background:#ff4c54 ;width:90%}
#PopularPosts1 ul li:first-child:after{content:
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The content: CSS attribute is not supported by IE7 and earlier.
Line 3252 Internet Explorer ≤ 7
"1"}
#PopularPosts1 ul{margin:0;padding:0px 0;list-style-type:none}
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3px
3px
3px #000;padding:10px}
CSS property border-radius is not supported by IE8 or earlier.
Line 3254 Internet Explorer ≤ 8.0
No rounded corners will be displayed on old versions of Internet Explorer.
25px 0px
CSS property border-radius is not supported by IE8 or earlier.
Line 3254 Internet Explorer ≤ 8.0
No rounded corners will be displayed on old versions of Internet Explorer.
25px 0px;border:2px solid #f7f7f7;-webkit-box-shadow:
Properties prefixed by a dash or underscore are vendor specific and only work on one browser engine.
3px 3px 3px #000;-moz-box-shadow:
Properties prefixed by a dash or underscore are vendor specific and only work on one browser engine.
The -moz-box-shadow CSS property is no longer supported in Firefox 13.
Line 3254 Firefox ≥ 12.0
Use the CSS3 box-shadow property instead.
3px
The -moz-box-shadow CSS property is no longer supported in Firefox 13.
Line 3254 Firefox ≥ 12.0
Use the CSS3 box-shadow property instead.
3px
The -moz-box-shadow CSS property is no longer supported in Firefox 13.
Line 3254 Firefox ≥ 12.0
Use the CSS3 box-shadow property instead.
3px #000;padding:10px}
</style>
<small><a href="http://enoparnoabiezz.blogspot.com/2012/11/cara-membuat-popular-posts-warna-warni.html" target="_blank">Cara Membuat Popular Posts Warna-Warni Di Blog</a></small>
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<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML13&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML13"));' target='configHTML13' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
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<div class='widget-content'>
<div style="display: scroll; left: 30px; position: fixed; top: 250px;">
<img border="0" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-XUYeDk4o8IU/U-UT7hFz92I/AAAAAAAAL64/m2sBbm3Ftfw/s1600/animasi-dp-bbm-hut-ri-69-17-agustus-bergerak-BUNG-KARNO.gif" /
> </div>
Add an ALT attribute describing each image, which screen readers read aloud.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use ALT=''.
Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
Line 3270 Usability.gov 14:3
This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
Add width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions. Authoring tools
like Dreamweaver can automate this process.
> </div>
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML9&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML9"));' target='configHTML9' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget Gadget' id='Gadget1'>
<h2 class='title'>Daily Calendar</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<script type="text/javascript">
if (!window.gadgets || !gadgets.rpc) {
document.write('<script type="text/javascript"' +
'src="//www-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/gadgets/js/rpc.js?container\x3dblogger\x26nocache\x3d0\x26debug\x3d0\x26c\x3d1\x26v\x3d4a3f6ab85749752a9689f96489ce82b3\x26sv\x3d10">' +
'</scr' + 'ipt>');
}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript"
JavaScript added element:
<script type="text/javascript" src="//www-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/gadgets/js/rpc.js?container=blogger&nocache=0&debug=0&c=1&v=4a3f6ab85749752a9689f96489ce82b3&sv=10" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"></script>
> function registerGetBlogUrls() {
gadgets.rpc.register('getBlogUrls', function() {
var holder = {};
holder.postFeed = "http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4310905558617479573/posts/default";
holder.commentFeed = "http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4310905558617479573/comments/default";
holder.currentBlogUrl = "http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/";
holder.currentBlogId = "4310905558617479573";
return holder;
});
}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
if (!window.registeredCommonBloggerCallbacks) {
window.registeredCommonBloggerCallbacks = true;
gadgets.rpc.register('resize_iframe', function(height) {
var el = document.getElementById(this['f']);
if (el) {
el.style.height = height + 'px';
}
});
gadgets.rpc.register('set_pref', function() {});
registerGetBlogUrls();
}
</script>
<iframe src="//www-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/gadgets/ifr?url=http://hosting.gmodules.com/ig/gadgets/file/111311123200664007084/calendar.xml&container=blogger&view=default&lang=in&country=ALL&sanitize=0&v=506cbf4b008537e6&libs=core&parent=http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/&mid=1#st=e%3DAFlCd0Wi%252Fw6JvrM6%252B8MLO%252Fcr%252Fo4QaLElpXNcuVDMMwPThsyYJ4ARGoa3qBZIGc41a%252BDRlb1WFxm9tvnWK4efzCAmlyv%252BqekHBJcswsFb1IyQznO7zg4pt2UKUIMkgQWkb4Q%252FPOFWe%252B5Q%26c%3Dblogger&rpctoken=-3700080866450922581" frameborder="0" style="width: 100%; display: block" height="220" id="sidebar-gadget1" name="sidebar-gadget1"
></iframe>
To cater for screen readers that don't support frames, place some text in the IFRAME tag.
For example:
<iframe src='file.htm'>Alternative content</iframe>
No TITLE attributes found for the frames on these pages.
Add a TITLE attribute to each FRAME and IFRAME element (e.g. TITLE="Main Content"). Screen readers read out the TITLE letting the user decide which frame to visit. The JAWS Frames List command reads out the URL of any FRAMEs or IFRAMEs without titles.
IFRAMEs with no title cause problems in:
- JAWS 14 with Firefox 29 (the frame SRC filename is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (a meaningless title like "Frame twelve" is read out)
></iframe>
<script type="text/javascript">
gadgets.rpc.setRelayUrl("sidebar-gadget1", '//www-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/gadgets/files/container/rpc_relay.html');
gadgets.rpc.setAuthToken("sidebar-gadget1", "-3700080866450922581");
</script>
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=Gadget&widgetId=Gadget1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("Gadget1"));' target='configGadget1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget HTML' id='HTML7'>
<h2 class='title'>Jam</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<object
><param name="movie" value="http://flash-clocks.com/free-flash-clocks-for-websites/free-flash-clock-33.swf" /><embed src="http://flash-clocks.com/free-flash-clocks-for-websites/free-flash-clock-33.swf" width="150" height="150" wmode="transparent"
></object>
OBJECT tags should contain alternative content.
Place alternative content inside the object tag, which is displayed when objects are disabled or unsupported. For example:
<object>Alternative text content</object>
><param name="movie" value="http://flash-clocks.com/free-flash-clocks-for-websites/free-flash-clock-33.swf" /><embed src="http://flash-clocks.com/free-flash-clocks-for-websites/free-flash-clock-33.swf" width="150" height="150" wmode="transparent"
EMBED tags must have an associated NOEMBED tag.
Add a NOEMBED tag with alternative content inside the EMBED tag.
Add an ALT attribute with alternative content to the EMBED tag.
JavaScript changes: removed wmode='transparent'
> </embed Fix the errors listed on the Standards tab of this report. Markup errors like missing end tags mean screen readers may skip important content.
></object>
</div
EMBED tags must have an associated NOEMBED tag.
Add a NOEMBED tag with alternative content inside the EMBED tag.
Add an ALT attribute with alternative content to the EMBED tag.
JavaScript added element:
<embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" height="150" width="150" src="http://flash-clocks.com/free-flash-clocks-for-websites/free-flash-clock-33.swf" wmode="transparent" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"></embed>
><div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML7&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML7"));' target='configHTML7' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget HTML' id='HTML8'>
<h2 class='title'>Song For Gaza</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<iframe width="100%" height="200" scrolling="no" frameborder="no" src="https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https%3A//api.soundcloud.com/tracks/68195166&auto_play=true&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false&visual=true"
></iframe>
To cater for screen readers that don't support frames, place some text in the IFRAME tag.
For example:
<iframe src='file.htm'>Alternative content</iframe>
No TITLE attributes found for the frames on these pages.
Add a TITLE attribute to each FRAME and IFRAME element (e.g. TITLE="Main Content"). Screen readers read out the TITLE letting the user decide which frame to visit. The JAWS Frames List command reads out the URL of any FRAMEs or IFRAMEs without titles.
IFRAMEs with no title cause problems in:
- JAWS 14 with Firefox 29 (the frame SRC filename is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (a meaningless title like "Frame twelve" is read out)
></iframe>
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML8&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML8"));' target='configHTML8' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget ContactForm' id='ContactForm1'>
<h2 class='title'>Formulir Kontak</h2>
<div class='contact-form-widget'>
<div class='form'>
<form name='contact-form'>
<p></p>
Nama
<br/>
<input class='contact-form-name' id='ContactForm1_contact-form-name' name='name' size='30' type='text' value=''/
>
This form control has no associated LABEL element.
Add a LABEL tag with the FOR attribute set to the ID of this control, or enclose the control in a LABEL tag. This allows screen readers to tell the user what each control does.
>
<p></p>
Email
<span style='font-weight: bolder;'>*</span>
<br/>
<input class='contact-form-email' id='ContactForm1_contact-form-email' name='email' size='30' type='text' value=''/
>
This form control has no associated LABEL element.
Add a LABEL tag with the FOR attribute set to the ID of this control, or enclose the control in a LABEL tag. This allows screen readers to tell the user what each control does.
>
<p></p>
Pesan
<span style='font-weight: bolder;'>*</span>
<br/>
<textarea class='contact-form-email-message' cols='25' id='ContactForm1_contact-form-email-message' name='email-message' rows='5'
></textarea>
This form control has no associated LABEL element.
Add a LABEL tag with the FOR attribute set to the ID of this control, or enclose the control in a LABEL tag. This allows screen readers to tell the user what each control does.
This form has fields without LABEL elements or TITLE attributes.
Line 3391 Section 508 1194.22 (n)
Screen readers use LABEL elements or TITLE attributes to describe form fields to non-sighted users.
Without these, forms are very hard to use with a screen reader.
Forms designed to be completed online shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues.
Use LABEL tags for each data entry field to show what data is expected.
Line 3391 Usability.gov 13:5
Make sure each INPUT field has an associated LABEL tag describing the field.
></textarea>
<p></p>
<input class='contact-form-button contact-form-button-submit' id='ContactForm1_contact-form-submit' type='button' value='Kirim'/>
<p></p>
<div style='text-align: center; max-width: 222px; width: 100%'>
<p class='contact-form-error-message' id='ContactForm1_contact-form-error-message'></p>
<p class='contact-form-success-message' id='ContactForm1_contact-form-success-message'></p>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=ContactForm&widgetId=ContactForm1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("ContactForm1"));' target='configContactForm1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget PopularPosts' id='PopularPosts1'>
<h2>Popular Post</h2>
<div class='widget-content popular-posts'>
<ul>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/11/format-laporan-spj-bos-smk-2013.html'>Format Laporan SPJ Bos SMK 2013 dan Juknis BOS SMK 2013</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'>Format Laporan SPJ Bos SMK 2013 unduh disini Juknis Bos SMK 2013 unduh disini</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-thumbnail'>
<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/06/kompetensi-inti-dan-kompetensi-dasar.html' target='_blank'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' border='0' height='72' src='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8Sr3DitWRU4/U3rEt0hR2BI/AAAAAAAAASE/-lxB5cNKSzw/s72-c/LOGO+IZZATA+BARUGH.jpg' width='72'/
>
>
</a>
</div>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/06/kompetensi-inti-dan-kompetensi-dasar.html'>KOMPETENSI INTI DAN KOMPETENSI DASAR KURIKULUM 2013 (SMK Otomotif)</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'> KOMPETENSI INTI DAN KOMPETENSI DASAR KURIKULUM 2013 (SMK Otomotif) Kompetensi Dasar Kelompok Mata Pelajaran Dasar Program Keahlian Pada...</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-thumbnail'>
<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/12/ujian-praktek-otomotif-smk-izzata.html' target='_blank'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' border='0' height='72' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-PFtAOvLyL-k/UqGPhs7rLEI/AAAAAAAAAL4/BntKFZ5bz9k/s72-c/DSC03617.JPG' width='72'/
>
>
</a>
</div>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/12/ujian-praktek-otomotif-smk-izzata.html'>Ujian Praktek Otomotif SMK Izzata</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'>
</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-thumbnail'>
<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/12/pembuatan-film-horror-oh-ternyata-di.html' target='_blank'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' border='0' height='72' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cghTf8y641s/UqGJ2AoChEI/AAAAAAAAAII/VztamhZQ-zs/s72-c/DSC03670.JPG' width='72'/
>
>
</a>
</div>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/12/pembuatan-film-horror-oh-ternyata-di.html'>Pembuatan Film Horror "oh ternyata" di SMK Izzata </a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'>
</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/08/profil-sekolah.html'>Profil Sekolah</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'> Info Sekolah SMK IZZATA NPSN 20229210  NSS 32207701001  Nama SMK IZZATA  Alamat JL.RAYA PITARA NO. 18 JEMBA...</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-thumbnail'>
<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/12/brosur-psb-smk-izzata-kota-depok.html' target='_blank'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' border='0' height='72' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-XPoNZMyrdBo/UqkYD-Io8WI/AAAAAAAAAQk/1wL7c6sqQaA/s72-c/BROSUR+SMK+IZZATAA.jpg' width='72'/
>
>
</a>
</div>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/12/brosur-psb-smk-izzata-kota-depok.html'>Brosur PSB SMK Izzata Kota Depok</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'>
</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/11/registrasi-psb-online-smk-izzata.html'>Registrasi PSB Online SMK Izzata</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'> Powered by EMF Online Form</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/08/stuktur-organisasi.html'>Stuktur Organisasi</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'> STRUKTUR SORGANISASI SEKOLAH SMK IZZATA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2013 – 2014 Kepala Sekolah             : Budhi Santoso, SE Komite Sekolah...</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-thumbnail'>
<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/download-rpp-dan-silabus-smk.html' target='_blank'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' border='0' height='72' src='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-c2obq0d81kM/U3rESdPAz_I/AAAAAAAAAR0/T7Wb3m4oVtY/s72-c/LOGO%2BIZZATA%2BBARUGH.jpg' width='72'/
>
>
</a>
</div>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2014/08/download-rpp-dan-silabus-smk.html'>DOWNLOAD RPP DAN SILABUS SMK</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'> Prinsip-Prinsip Pengembangan RPP  ( berdasarkan Permendikbud 81A lampiran IV ) Berbagai prinsip dalam mengembangkan atau menyusun RPP ad...</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
<li>
<div class='item-content'>
<div class='item-thumbnail'>
<a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/11/smk-izzata-menggunakan-absensi-finger.html' target='_blank'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' border='0' height='72' src='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SQTg2eSDgeI/UoLLT2t-p6I/AAAAAAAAAHg/hpfuI1cGeeI/s72-c/x100c.jpg' width='72'/
>
>
</a>
</div>
<div class='item-title'><a href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/2013/11/smk-izzata-menggunakan-absensi-finger.html'>SMK Izzata menggunakan absensi Finger Print dan SMS Gateway</a></div>
<div class='item-snippet'>SMK Izzata telah menggunakan absensi Finger Print dan SMS gateway untuk menertibkan dan menginformasikan kehadiran siswa kepada wali murid. ...</div>
</div>
<div style='clear: both;'></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=PopularPosts&widgetId=PopularPosts1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("PopularPosts1"));' target='configPopularPosts1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div>
</div><div class='widget FollowByEmail' id='FollowByEmail1'>
<h2 class='title'>Follow by Email</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<div class='follow-by-email-inner'>
<form action='http://feedburner.google.com/fb/a/mailverify' method='post' onsubmit='window.open("http://feedburner.google.com/fb/a/mailverify?uri=SmkIzzata", "popupwindow", "scrollbars=yes,width=550,height=520"); return true' target='popupwindow'>
<table width='100%'
>
>
<tr>
<td>
<input class='follow-by-email-address' name='email' placeholder='Email address...' type='text'/
>
This form control has no associated LABEL element.
Add a LABEL tag with the FOR attribute set to the ID of this control, or enclose the control in a LABEL tag. This allows screen readers to tell the user what each control does.
>
</td>
<td width='64px'
>
>
<input class='follow-by-email-submit' type='submit' value='Submit'/>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<input name='uri' type='hidden' value='SmkIzzata'/>
<input name='loc' type='hidden' value='en_US'/>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=FollowByEmail&widgetId=FollowByEmail1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("FollowByEmail1"));' target='configFollowByEmail1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</span>
</div><div class='widget Wikipedia' id='Wikipedia1'>
<h2 class='title'>Wikipedia</h2>
<div class='wikipedia-search-main-container'>
<form class='wikipedia-search-form' id='Wikipedia1_wikipedia-search-form' name='wikipedia'
JavaScript changes: added closure_lm_651655='[object Object]'
><div class='wikipedia-searchtable'>
<span>
<a class='wikipedia-search-wiki-link' href='http://wikipedia.org/wiki/' target='_blank'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img align='top' class='wikipedia-icon' src='//www.blogger.com/img/widgets/icon_wikipedia_w.png'/
>
Add an ALT attribute describing each image, which screen readers read aloud.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use ALT=''.
Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
Line 3567 Usability.gov 14:3
This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
Add width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions. Authoring tools
like Dreamweaver can automate this process.
>
</a>
</span>
<span class='wikipedia-search-bar'>
<span class='wikipedia-input-box'>
<input class='wikipedia-search-input' id='Wikipedia1_wikipedia-search-input' type='text'/
>
This form control has no associated LABEL element.
Add a LABEL tag with the FOR attribute set to the ID of this control, or enclose the control in a LABEL tag. This allows screen readers to tell the user what each control does.
This form has fields without LABEL elements or TITLE attributes.
Line 3572 Section 508 1194.22 (n)
Screen readers use LABEL elements or TITLE attributes to describe form fields to non-sighted users.
Without these, forms are very hard to use with a screen reader.
Forms designed to be completed online shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues.
Use LABEL tags for each data entry field to show what data is expected.
Line 3572 Usability.gov 13:5
Make sure each INPUT field has an associated LABEL tag describing the field.
>
</span>
<span>
<input class='wikipedia-search-button' type='submit'/
>
Make sure the button has a VALUE attribute indicating the action the pushbutton causes (e.g. Search, Cancel, etc.)
>
</span>
</span>
</div>
</form>
<div class='wikipedia-search-results-header' id='Wikipedia1_wikipedia-search-results-header'>Hasil penelusuran</div>
<div class='wikipedia-search-results' id='Wikipedia1_wikipedia-search-results'></div>
<nobr>
<div dir='ltr' id='Wikipedia1_wikipedia-search-more'></div>
</nobr>
</div><br/>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=Wikipedia&widgetId=Wikipedia1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("Wikipedia1"));' target='configWikipedia1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget Followers' id='Followers1'>
<h2 class='title'>Pengikut</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<div id='Followers1-wrapper'>
<div style='margin-right:2px;'>
<script type="text/javascript">
if (!window.google || !google.friendconnect) {
document.write('<script type="text/javascript"' +
'src="//www.google.com/friendconnect/script/friendconnect.js">' +
'</scr' + 'ipt>');
}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript"
JavaScript added element:
<script type="text/javascript" src="//www.google.com/friendconnect/script/friendconnect.js" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"></script>
> if (!window.registeredBloggerCallbacks) {
window.registeredBloggerCallbacks = true;
gadgets.rpc.register('requestReload', function() {
document.location.reload();
});
gadgets.rpc.register('requestSignOut', function(siteId) {
google.friendconnect.container.openSocialSiteId = siteId;
google.friendconnect.requestSignOut();
});
}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function registerGetBlogUrls() {
gadgets.rpc.register('getBlogUrls', function() {
var holder = {};
holder.postFeed = "http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4310905558617479573/posts/default";
holder.commentFeed = "http://www.blogger.com/feeds/4310905558617479573/comments/default";
holder.currentBlogUrl = "http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/";
holder.currentBlogId = "4310905558617479573";
return holder;
});
}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
if (!window.registeredCommonBloggerCallbacks) {
window.registeredCommonBloggerCallbacks = true;
gadgets.rpc.register('resize_iframe', function(height) {
var el = document.getElementById(this['f']);
if (el) {
el.style.height = height + 'px';
}
});
gadgets.rpc.register('set_pref', function() {});
registerGetBlogUrls();
}
</script>
<div id="div-1roau0gcwc04b" style="width: 100%; "
JavaScript changes: added class='gadgets-gadget-container'
></div No TITLE attributes found for the frames on these pages.
Add a TITLE attribute to each FRAME and IFRAME element (e.g. TITLE="Main Content"). Screen readers read out the TITLE letting the user decide which frame to visit. The JAWS Frames List command reads out the URL of any FRAMEs or IFRAMEs without titles.
IFRAMEs with no title cause problems in:
- JAWS 14 with Firefox 29 (the frame SRC filename is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (a meaningless title like "Frame twelve" is read out)
JavaScript added element:
<div id="gfc_iframe_1252508816_0_body" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><iframe id="gfc_iframe_1252508816_0" style="" height="260" frameBorder="0" allowTransparency="-1" name="gfc_iframe_1252508816_0" scrolling="no"></iframe></div>
><script type="text/javascript">
var skin = {};
skin['FACE_SIZE'] = '32';
skin['HEIGHT'] = "260";
skin['TITLE'] = "Pengikut";
skin['BORDER_COLOR'] = "transparent";
skin['ENDCAP_BG_COLOR'] = "transparent";
skin['ENDCAP_TEXT_COLOR'] = "#000000";
skin['ENDCAP_LINK_COLOR'] = "#000000";
skin['ALTERNATE_BG_COLOR'] = "transparent";
skin['CONTENT_BG_COLOR'] = "transparent";
skin['CONTENT_LINK_COLOR'] = "#000000";
skin['CONTENT_TEXT_COLOR'] = "#000000";
skin['CONTENT_SECONDARY_LINK_COLOR'] = "#FFFFFF";
skin['CONTENT_SECONDARY_TEXT_COLOR'] = "#000000";
skin['CONTENT_HEADLINE_COLOR'] = "#000000";
skin['FONT_FACE'] = "Arial";
google.friendconnect.container.setParentUrl("/");
google.friendconnect.container["renderMembersGadget"](
{id: "div-1roau0gcwc04b",
height: 260,
site: "11835071473164625159",
locale: 'in' },
skin);
</script>
</div>
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=Followers&widgetId=Followers1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("Followers1"));' target='configFollowers1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div>
</div><div class='widget CustomSearch' id='CustomSearch1'>
<h2 class='title'>Cari Blog Ini</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<div id='CustomSearch1_form'>
<span class='cse-status'>Memuat...</span>
</div
Make sure the button has a VALUE attribute indicating the action the pushbutton causes (e.g. Search, Cancel, etc.)
JavaScript added element:
<form class="gsc-search-box" accept-charset="utf-8" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><table class="gsc-search-box" cellSpacing="0" cellPadding="0"><tbody><tr><td class="gsc-input"><input title="cari" class=" gsc-input" size="10" autoComplete="off"><input id="bgresponse" type="hidden"></td><td class="gsc-search-button"><input title="cari" class="gsc-search-button" type="submit"></td></tr></tbody></table><table class="gsc-branding" cellSpacing="0" cellPadding="0"><tbody><tr style=""><td class="gsc-branding-user-defined"></td><td class="gsc-branding-text"><div class="gsc-branding-text">didukung oleh</div></td><td class="gsc-branding-img-noclear"><div class="gsc-branding-img-noclear" style=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table></form>
></div>
<style type='text/css'>
#uds-searchControl .gs-result .gs-title,
#uds-searchControl .gs-result .gs-title *,
#uds-searchControl .gsc-results .gsc-trailing-more-results,
#uds-searchControl .gsc-results .gsc-trailing-more-results * {
color:#00c;
}
#uds-searchControl .gs-result .gs-title a:visited,
#uds-searchControl .gs-result .gs-title a:visited * {
color:#00c;
}
#uds-searchControl .gs-relativePublishedDate,
#uds-searchControl .gs-publishedDate {
color: #6f6f6f;
}
#uds-searchControl .gs-result a.gs-visibleUrl,
#uds-searchControl .gs-result .gs-visibleUrl {
color: #00c;
}
#uds-searchControl .gsc-results {
border-color: #6f6f6f;
background-color: #fff;
}
#uds-searchControl .gsc-tabhActive {
border-color: #6f6f6f;
border-top-color: #6f6f6f;
background-color: #fff;
color: #000;
}
#uds-searchControl .gsc-tabhInactive {
border-color: #6f6f6f;
background-color: transparent;
color: #00c;
}
#uds-searchClearResults {
border-color: #6f6f6f;
}
#uds-searchClearResults:hover {
border-color: #6f6f6f;
}
#uds-searchControl .gsc-cursor-page {
color: #00c;
}
#uds-searchControl .gsc-cursor-current-page {
color: #000;
}
</style>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=CustomSearch&widgetId=CustomSearch1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("CustomSearch1"));' target='configCustomSearch1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget Stats' id='Stats1'>
<h2>Total Tayangan Laman</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<div id='Stats1_content' style='display: none;'
JavaScript changes: removed style='display: none;'
><span class='counter-wrapper graph-counter-wrapper' id='Stats1_totalCount'></span
JavaScript added element:
<span class="digit stage-0" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><strong>6</strong><span class="blind-plate"></span></span>
JavaScript added element:
<span class="digit stage-0" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><strong>6</strong><span class="blind-plate"></span></span>
JavaScript added element:
<span class="digit stage-0" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><strong>1</strong><span class="blind-plate"></span></span>
JavaScript added element:
<span class="digit stage-0" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><strong>7</strong><span class="blind-plate"></span></span>
><div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=Stats&widgetId=Stats1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("Stats1"));' target='configStats1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div>
</div>
</div><div class='widget Translate' id='Translate1'>
<h2 class='title'>Translate</h2>
<div id='google_translate_element'></div
Add an ALT attribute describing each image, which screen readers read aloud.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use ALT=''.
This form control has no associated LABEL element.
Add a LABEL tag with the FOR attribute set to the ID of this control, or enclose the control in a LABEL tag. This allows screen readers to tell the user what each control does.
This form has fields without LABEL elements or TITLE attributes.
Line 3799 Section 508 1194.22 (n)
Screen readers use LABEL elements or TITLE attributes to describe form fields to non-sighted users.
Without these, forms are very hard to use with a screen reader.
Forms designed to be completed online shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues.
Use LABEL tags for each data entry field to show what data is expected.
Line 3799 Usability.gov 13:5
Make sure each INPUT field has an associated LABEL tag describing the field.
JavaScript added element:
<div class="skiptranslate goog-te-gadget" dir="ltr" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><div id=":0.targetLanguage"><select class="goog-te-combo" closure_lm_482785="[object Object]"><option value="">Select Language</option><option value="en">English</option><option value="af">Afrikaans</option><option value="sq">Albanian</option><option value="ar">Arabic</option><option value="hy">Armenian</option><option value="az">Azerbaijani</option><option value="eu">Basque</option><option value="be">Belarusian</option><option value="bn">Bengali</option><option value="bs">Bosnian</option><option value="bg">Bulgarian</option><option value="ca">Catalan</option><option value="ceb">Cebuano</option><option value="zh-CN">Chinese (Simplified)</option><option value="zh-TW">Chinese (Traditional)</option><option value="hr">Croatian</option><option value="cs">Czech</option><option value="da">Danish</option><option value="nl">Dutch</option><option value="eo">Esperanto</option><option value="et">Estonian</option><option value="tl">Filipino</option><option value="fi">Finnish</option><option value="fr">French</option><option value="gl">Galician</option><option value="ka">Georgian</option><option value="de">German</option><option value="el">Greek</option><option value="gu">Gujarati</option><option value="ht">Haitian Creole</option><option value="ha">Hausa</option><option value="iw">Hebrew</option><option value="hi">Hindi</option><option value="hmn">Hmong</option><option value="hu">Hungarian</option><option value="is">Icelandic</option><option value="ig">Igbo</option><option value="id">Indonesian</option><option value="ga">Irish</option><option value="it">Italian</option><option value="ja">Japanese</option><option value="jw">Javanese</option><option value="kn">Kannada</option><option value="km">Khmer</option><option value="ko">Korean</option><option value="lo">Lao</option><option value="la">Latin</option><option value="lv">Latvian</option><option value="lt">Lithuanian</option><option value="mk">Macedonian</option><option value="ms">Malay</option><option value="mt">Maltese</option><option value="mi">Maori</option><option value="mr">Marathi</option><option value="mn">Mongolian</option><option value="ne">Nepali</option><option value="no">Norwegian</option><option value="fa">Persian</option><option value="pl">Polish</option><option value="pt">Portuguese</option><option value="pa">Punjabi</option><option value="ro">Romanian</option><option value="ru">Russian</option><option value="sr">Serbian</option><option value="sk">Slovak</option><option value="sl">Slovenian</option><option value="so">Somali</option><option value="es">Spanish</option><option value="sw">Swahili</option><option value="sv">Swedish</option><option value="ta">Tamil</option><option value="te">Telugu</option><option value="th">Thai</option><option value="tr">Turkish</option><option value="uk">Ukrainian</option><option value="ur">Urdu</option><option value="vi">Vietnamese</option><option value="cy">Welsh</option><option value="yi">Yiddish</option><option value="yo">Yoruba</option><option value="zu">Zulu</option></select></div>Powered by <span style=""><a class="goog-logo-link" href="https://translate.google.com/" target="_blank"><img style="" src="https://www.google.com/images/logos/google_logo_41.png" width="40" height="13">Translate</a></span></div>
><script>
function googleTranslateElementInit() {
new google.translate.TranslateElement({
pageLanguage: 'in',
autoDisplay: 'true',
layout: google.translate.TranslateElement.InlineLayout.VERTICAL
}, 'google_translate_element');
}
</script>
<script src='//translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit'></script>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=Translate&widgetId=Translate1&action=editWidget§ionId=main3' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("Translate1"));' target='configTranslate1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget PlusBadge' id='PlusBadge1'>
<script type='text/javascript'>
window.___gcfg = {
lang: 'in'
};
</script>
<h2 class='title'>Google+ Badge</h2>
<div class='g-person' data-href='https://plus.google.com/102284666075185004426' data-layout='portrait' data-rel='author' data-showcoverphoto='true' data-showtagline='true' data-theme='light' data-width='150'
JavaScript changes: changed to class='' removed data-href='https://plus.google.com/102284666075185004426' removed data-layout='portrait' removed data-rel='author' removed data-showcoverphoto='true' removed data-showtagline='true' removed data-theme='light' removed data-width='150' added id='___person_0'
></div
No TITLE attributes found for the frames on these pages.
Add a TITLE attribute to each FRAME and IFRAME element (e.g. TITLE="Main Content"). Screen readers read out the TITLE letting the user decide which frame to visit. The JAWS Frames List command reads out the URL of any FRAMEs or IFRAMEs without titles.
IFRAMEs with no title cause problems in:
- JAWS 14 with Firefox 29 (the frame SRC filename is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (a meaningless title like "Frame twelve" is read out)
JavaScript added element:
<iframe id="I0_1408519534470" src="https://apis.google.com/_/widget/render/person?usegapi=1&width=150&theme=light&showtagline=true&showcoverphoto=true&rel=author&layout=portrait&href=https%3A%2F%2Fplus.google.com%2F102284666075185004426&hl=in&origin=http%3A%2F%2Fsmkizzata.blogspot.com&gsrc=3p&ic=1&hostiemode=7&jsh=m%3B%2F_%2Fscs%2Fapps-static%2F_%2Fjs%2Fk%3Doz.gapi.en_US.PGgVl4_HubI.O%2Fm%3D__features__%2Fam%3DAQ%2Frt%3Dj%2Fd%3D1%2Ft%3Dzcms%2Frs%3DAItRSTM2zpK6ib3QDNJhM4Zu23OZ6zA1Sw#_methods=onPlusOne%2C_ready%2C_close%2C_open%2C_resizeMe%2C_renderstart%2Concircled%2Cdrefresh%2Cerefresh%2Conload&id=I0_1408519534470&parent=http%3A%2F%2Fsmkizzata.blogspot.com&pfname=&rpctoken=38735864" frameBorder="0" width="100%" allowTransparency="-1" name="I0_1408519534470" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" tabindex="0" data-gapiattached="-1" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"></iframe>
></div
JavaScript added element:
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Add a TITLE attribute to each FRAME and IFRAME element (e.g. TITLE="Main Content"). Screen readers read out the TITLE letting the user decide which frame to visit. The JAWS Frames List command reads out the URL of any FRAMEs or IFRAMEs without titles.
IFRAMEs with no title cause problems in:
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IFRAMEs with no title cause problems in:
- JAWS 14 with Firefox 29 (the frame SRC filename is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (a meaningless title like "Frame twelve" is read out)
JavaScript added element:
<div id="___plusone_0" style="" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><iframe id="I2_1408519534480" src="https://apis.google.com/se/0/_/+1/fastbutton?usegapi=1&width=250&source=blogger%3Ablog%3Aplusone&size=standard&annotation=bubble&hl=in&origin=http%3A%2F%2Fsmkizzata.blogspot.com&url=http%3A%2F%2Fsmkizzata.blogspot.com%2F&gsrc=3p&ic=1&hostiemode=7&jsh=m%3B%2F_%2Fscs%2Fapps-static%2F_%2Fjs%2Fk%3Doz.gapi.en_US.PGgVl4_HubI.O%2Fm%3D__features__%2Fam%3DAQ%2Frt%3Dj%2Fd%3D1%2Ft%3Dzcms%2Frs%3DAItRSTM2zpK6ib3QDNJhM4Zu23OZ6zA1Sw#_methods=onPlusOne%2C_ready%2C_close%2C_open%2C_resizeMe%2C_renderstart%2Concircled%2Cdrefresh%2Cerefresh&id=I2_1408519534480&parent=http%3A%2F%2Fsmkizzata.blogspot.com&pfname=&rpctoken=11636998" frameBorder="0" width="100%" allowTransparency="-1" name="I2_1408519534480" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" tabindex="0" data-gapiattached="-1"></iframe></div>
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To comply, place a link on every page labeled "Privacy Policy" referring to a page describing how your site uses tracking graphics, and how to disable them.
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Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/%22oh%20ternyata%22'>"oh ternyata"</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Agenda'>Agenda</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/BACKDROP%20WISUDA%20%26%20PENSI%202014'>BACKDROP WISUDA & PENSI 2014</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Bagian-bagian%20mobil'>Bagian-bagian mobil</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Brosur%20PSB'>Brosur PSB</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Buku%20Manual%20dan%20Modul%20Otomotif'>Buku Manual dan Modul Otomotif</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/dan%20Juknis%20BOS%20SMK%202013'>dan Juknis BOS SMK 2013</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/di%20SMK%20Izzata'>di SMK Izzata</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/KOMPETENSI%20INTI%20DAN%20KOMPETENSI%20DASAR%20KURIKULUM%202013%20%28SMK%20Otomotif%29'>KOMPETENSI INTI DAN KOMPETENSI DASAR KURIKULUM 2013 (SMK Otomotif)</a>
<span dir='ltr'>(1)</span>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Laporan%20SPJ%20Bos%20SMK%202013'>Laporan SPJ Bos SMK 2013</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Seragam%20Olah%20Raga%20SMK%20Izzata'>Seragam Olah Raga SMK Izzata</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/SMK%20Izzata'>SMK Izzata</a>
<span dir='ltr'>(3)</span>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/SMK%20Izzata%20Kota%20Depok'>SMK Izzata Kota Depok</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Tugas%20dan%20Fungsi%20Wali%20Kelas'>Tugas dan Fungsi Wali Kelas</a>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Tugas%20dan%20Tanggung%20jawab%20Guru%20Piket'>Tugas dan Tanggung jawab Guru Piket</a>
<span dir='ltr'>(1)</span>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Undangan%20Pensi%20dan%20Wisuda%202014'>Undangan Pensi dan Wisuda 2014</a>
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<li>
<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/untuk%20Festifal%20Film%20Pelaja'>untuk Festifal Film Pelaja</a>
<span dir='ltr'>(1)</span>
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<a dir='ltr' href='http://smkizzata.blogspot.com/search/label/Video%20Profil%20SMK%20Izzata'>Video Profil SMK Izzata</a>
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Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
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Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
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This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
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Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
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Fix the errors listed on the Standards tab of this report. Markup errors like missing end tags mean screen readers may skip important content.
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Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
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Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
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Add a NOEMBED tag with alternative content inside the EMBED tag.
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Add an ALT attribute describing each image, which screen readers read aloud.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use ALT=''.
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
A tracking graphic (web beacon) has been detected on this page but no obvious privacy policy was found. Companies in the EU using tracking graphics must comply with the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 by providing a privacy or cookie policy.
Line 4093 EU Privacy Regulations
The EC Privacy Regulations carry a maximum fine of £5,000 / €7,000 for failure to comply.
To comply, place a link on every page labeled "Privacy Policy" referring to a page describing how your site uses tracking graphics, and how to disable them.
Use background images sparingly and make sure they are simple, especially behind text.
Line 4093 Usability.gov 14:1
Background images can make it difficult for users to read foreground text. A single, large, complex background image (including a picture) can substantially slow page download rates.
Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
Line 4093 Usability.gov 14:3
This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
Add width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions. Authoring tools
like Dreamweaver can automate this process.
JavaScript added element:
<div id="geomap_tool" style="" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"></div>
JavaScript added element:
<div id="geotoolbar" style="" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><table height="32" cellSpacing="0" cellPadding="0" width="100%" background="http://geoloc16.whoaremyfriends.com:8080/skin/geotoolbar/bg_blanc.png" border="0" margin="0"><tbody><tr><td width="38" align="center"><a href="http://www.geovisite.com/zoom.php?compte=484805359122&lg=en&p=_total&path=012235&base=geoloc16" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="http://geoloc16.whoaremyfriends.com:8080/skin/geotoolbar/zoom.gif"></a></td><td width="30"><a href="javascript:onMouseDown=affiche_geotool('formmail')"><img border="0" src="http://geoloc16.whoaremyfriends.com:8080/skin/geotoolbar/contact.gif"></a></td><td width="30"><a href="javascript:onMouseDown=affiche_geotool('map')"><img border="0" src="http://geoloc16.whoaremyfriends.com:8080/skin/geotoolbar/geomap.gif"></a></td><td align="center"><div id="geoslide_tool" style=""><![endif]--><embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" height="32" width="800" src="http://geoloc16.whoaremyfriends.com:8080/skin/geotoolbar/slide_800.swf?u=1408519539&px=800&compte=484805359122&lg=en&base=geoloc16&nc=&ncc=FFFFFF&bro=&bro_nom=&os=&os_nom=&ip=ip&ip_nom=208.43.239.10&geo_IP=208.43.239.10&geo_ISO=US&geo_PAYS=United States&geo_LAT=32.929901&geo_LON=-96.835297&geo_CITY=Dallas&fc=333333&p=_total&tp=Click+for+detail&md5=&skinmap=&skin=7&anim=&pub=&f=verdana&s=12&ca=FF6600&ci=333333&onl=Online&ofl=&ttot=Total&cbg=&cbg2=&cbg3=&cbg4=&b=1&dn=&dec=1208&tau=11125&tty=&cat=Sciences&scat=Technology&fuseau=Jakarta;ID;25200&date_website=14-08-20-14-25-39&init=&unit=&icon=&temp=&hmid=&wiso=&wcity=&domaine_img=whoaremyfriends.com&domaine_txt=whoaremyfriends.com&referer=http%3A//smkizzata.blogspot.com/&dateloc=" wmode="transparent" quality="high"></embed></div></td><td width="30" align="right"><a href="http://www.geovisite.com/en/" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="http://geoloc16.whoaremyfriends.com:8080/skin/geotoolbar/geovisite.gif"></a></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
JavaScript added element:
<img border="0" name="pointeur_geotoolbar0" alt="geotoolbar0" src="http://geoloc16.whoaremyfriends.com:8080/private/geoloc/pointeur.gif?|484805359122||768*1024||en|32|1408519544||||||US|32.929901|-96.835297|Dallas|SoftLayer+Technologies|1408519539|geotoolbar|25200|1408519539|||http%3A//smkizzata.blogspot.com/|NULL" width="1" height="1" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr">
><a href="http://www.geovisites.com/en/directory/sciences_technology.php?compte=484805359122" target="_blank"><img src="http://geoloc16.whoaremyfriends.com/private/geotoolbar.php?compte=484805359122" border="0" alt="technology" /
></a>
Using ALT text which duplicates link text in the same link or the following link results in screen readers stuttering as the same text is read out twice.
Line 4094 WCAG2 A H2
Use ALT='' when the image is part of a link containing text, or change the redundant ALT text if the links are separate.
A tracking graphic (web beacon) has been detected on this page but no obvious privacy policy was found. Companies in the EU using tracking graphics must comply with the Privacy and Electronic Communications (EC Directive) Regulations 2003 by providing a privacy or cookie policy.
Line 4094 EU Privacy Regulations
The EC Privacy Regulations carry a maximum fine of £5,000 / €7,000 for failure to comply.
To comply, place a link on every page labeled "Privacy Policy" referring to a page describing how your site uses tracking graphics, and how to disable them.
Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
Line 4094 Usability.gov 14:3
This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
Add width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions. Authoring tools
like Dreamweaver can automate this process.
></a>
<br />Please do not change this code for a perfect fonctionality of your counter
<a href="http://www.geovisites.com/en/directory/sciences_technology.php">technology</a>
</noscript>
<br /><a href="http://www.geovisite.com/en/">web counter</a>
<!--************END CODE GEOTOOLBAR************-->
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
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>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
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<div class='widget-content'>
<script language="JavaScript" src="https://sites.google.com/site/variasibloggerblogspotcom/widget_variasi_blogger_blogspot_com/cctv.js" type="text/javascript"
> </script> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript"
> </script> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript"
JavaScript added element:
<style type="text/css" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"></style>
> cot("http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CCKs5GMOKUA/UYPkKM_6qlI/AAAAAAAACJA/AtzVKlBv5WA/s1600/cctv.gif")</script></div
Add an ALT attribute describing each image, which screen readers read aloud.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use ALT=''.
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
Line 4115 Usability.gov 14:3
This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
Add width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions. Authoring tools
like Dreamweaver can automate this process.
JavaScript added element:
<div id="adi_top_right" style="" xmlns:b="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/b" xmlns:data="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/data" xmlns:expr="http://www.google.com/2005/gml/expr"><a onclick="return cot_tl_bigPopup('http://variasiblogger.blogspot.com/2013/05/cara-pasang-dan-kumpulan-situs-animasi.html')" href="http://variasiblogger.blogspot.com/2013/05/cara-pasang-dan-kumpulan-situs-animasi.html"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CCKs5GMOKUA/UYPkKM_6qlI/AAAAAAAACJA/AtzVKlBv5WA/s1600/cctv.gif"></a></div>
><div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML6&action=editWidget§ionId=main5' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML6"));' target='configHTML6' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
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</div><div class='widget HTML' id='HTML2'>
<h2 class='title'>Blogroll</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<div class="widget_iframe" style="display:inline-block;width:100%;height:104px;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;"><iframe class="widget_iframe" src="http://www.reverbnation.com/widget_code/html_widget/artist_3506683?widget_id=50&posted_by=label_191803&pwc[design]=default&pwc[background_color]=%23333333&pwc[included_songs]=0&pwc[song_ids]=18087252&pwc[photo]=0%2C1&pwc[size]=fit" width="100%" height="70%" frameborder="0" scrolling="no"
></iframe><div class="footer_branding" style="margin-top:-5px;font-size:10px;font-family:Arial;"><center
><a href="http://www.reverbnation.com/band-promotion/how-to-sell-music-on-itunes?utm_campaign=a_features_distribution&utm_medium=widget&utm_source=HTML5_Player&utm_content=widgetfooter_Learn how to get a song on itunes at ReverbNation.com" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;color:#444;">Learn how to get a song on itunes at ReverbNation.com</a></center></div></div>
To cater for screen readers that don't support frames, place some text in the IFRAME tag.
For example:
<iframe src='file.htm'>Alternative content</iframe>
No TITLE attributes found for the frames on these pages.
Add a TITLE attribute to each FRAME and IFRAME element (e.g. TITLE="Main Content"). Screen readers read out the TITLE letting the user decide which frame to visit. The JAWS Frames List command reads out the URL of any FRAMEs or IFRAMEs without titles.
IFRAMEs with no title cause problems in:
- JAWS 14 with Firefox 29 (the frame SRC filename is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (a meaningless title like "Frame twelve" is read out)
></iframe><div class="footer_branding" style="margin-top:-5px;font-size:10px;font-family:Arial;"><center
><a href="http://www.reverbnation.com/band-promotion/how-to-sell-music-on-itunes?utm_campaign=a_features_distribution&utm_medium=widget&utm_source=HTML5_Player&utm_content=widgetfooter_Learn how to get a song on itunes at ReverbNation.com" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;color:#444;">Learn how to get a song on itunes at ReverbNation.com</a></center></div></div>
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<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML2&action=editWidget§ionId=main5' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML2"));' target='configHTML2' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div></div>
<div class='main6 section' id='main6'><div class='widget HTML' id='HTML10'>
<div class='widget-content'>
<a href="http://www.mypagerank.net" target="_blank"
><img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lb4Zq_zSNIs/UzKdOet89eI/AAAAAAAACmY/_hh-6UWLT-w/s1600/variasiblogger-update-google-pagerank-2.gif" border="0" /
></a>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
><img src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lb4Zq_zSNIs/UzKdOet89eI/AAAAAAAACmY/_hh-6UWLT-w/s1600/variasiblogger-update-google-pagerank-2.gif" border="0" /
Add an ALT attribute describing each image, which screen readers read aloud.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use ALT=''.
Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
Line 4142 Usability.gov 14:3
This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
Add width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions. Authoring tools
like Dreamweaver can automate this process.
></a>
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML10&action=editWidget§ionId=main6' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML10"));' target='configHTML10' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
<div class='clear'></div>
</div><div class='widget HTML' id='HTML4'>
<div class='widget-content'>
<div style="position: fixed; bottom: 0px; right: 2px;"><br /><embed pluginspage="http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer" width="160" height="600" title="grab this widget @ widgetindex.blogspot" src="https://2713604333882420535-a-1802744773732722657-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/widgetindex11/fireworks.swf" wmode="transparent" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" quality="high"
></div>
EMBED tags must have an associated NOEMBED tag.
Add a NOEMBED tag with alternative content inside the EMBED tag.
Add an ALT attribute with alternative content to the EMBED tag.
JavaScript changes: removed pluginspage='http://www.macromedia.com/go/getflashplayer' removed quality='high' changed to title='' removed type='application/x-shockwave-flash' removed wmode='transparent'
JavaScript changes: added quality='high' changed to title='grab this widget @ widgetindex.blogspot' added type='application/x-shockwave-flash' added wmode='transparent'
></embed></div>
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML4&action=editWidget§ionId=main6' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML4"));' target='configHTML4' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
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<h2 class='title'>About</h2>
<div class='widget-content'>
<a title="Back to Top" href="#" style="position: fixed; bottom: 5px; right: 5px;"
><img src="http://img842.imageshack.us/img842/6354/35069921.png" /
></a>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
><img src="http://img842.imageshack.us/img842/6354/35069921.png" /
Add an ALT attribute describing each image, which screen readers read aloud.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use ALT=''.
Omitting IMG WIDTH or HEIGHT attributes means page text jumps about as images load.
Line 4169 Usability.gov 14:3
This makes the page very hard to read while it's loading, and the user may click on the wrong link if it moves as it's being clicked.
Add width and height attributes to the img tag matching the image dimensions. Authoring tools
like Dreamweaver can automate this process.
></a>
</div>
<div class='clear'></div>
<span class='widget-item-control'>
<span class='item-control blog-admin'>
<a class='quickedit' href='//www.blogger.com/rearrange?blogID=4310905558617479573&widgetType=HTML&widgetId=HTML1&action=editWidget§ionId=main6' onclick='return _WidgetManager._PopupConfig(document.getElementById("HTML1"));' target='configHTML1' title='Edit'
>
Add text to the link, or ALT text if the link contains an image. If there is no link text or the ALT tag is blank, screen readers have nothing to read, so read out the URL instead.
Link A elements labelled with a TITLE attribute, and only containing an image don't work in:
- WindowEyes 8.4 with IE11 (the link HREF is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (the image filename is read instead)
>
<img alt='' height='18' src='http://img1.blogblog.com/img/icon18_wrench_allbkg.png' width='18'/>
</a>
</span>
</span>
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<div class='fleft'>
<p>- Copyright © <script type='text/javascript'>var creditsyear = new Date();document.write(creditsyear.getFullYear());</script>
SMK Izzata -<a href='http://robotic-notes-bt.blogspot.com' target='_blank'>Robotic Notes</a>- Powered by <a href='http://blogger.com/'>Blogger</a> - Designed by <a href='http://djogzs.blogspot.com' title='johanes djogan'>Andri Yunatra, S.Pd</a> -</p></div>
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Add an ALT attribute describing each image, which screen readers read aloud.
Spacer images and purely decorative images should use ALT=''.
No TITLE attributes found for the frames on these pages.
Add a TITLE attribute to each FRAME and IFRAME element (e.g. TITLE="Main Content"). Screen readers read out the TITLE letting the user decide which frame to visit. The JAWS Frames List command reads out the URL of any FRAMEs or IFRAMEs without titles.
IFRAMEs with no title cause problems in:
- JAWS 14 with Firefox 29 (the frame SRC filename is read instead)
- VoiceOver on OSX 10.9 (a meaningless title like "Frame twelve" is read out)
Leave the title of the main content as H1 and change other H1 tags to a lower heading level.
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JavaScript added element:
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